一种基于序列模式挖掘的独居老人用电预警模型

随着人口老龄化的加深,独居老人数量快速增长,如何及时检测发现老人出现异常情况成为小区管理的迫切需求。另一方面,智能电表技术的发展让用电数据的采集更加精确和及时,使得实时检测老人用电数据异常成为可能,但如何对此海量用电数据进行分析成为了难点。为此,文章提出了一种基于序列模式挖掘的独居老人用电数据预警模型,从历史数据中挖掘了老人用电特征的共性和特性,同时综合考虑了时间、天气数据等外部因素,通过深度学习进行异常检测。相比传统的检测方法,本文提出的模型能更加快速准确地检测异常,为独居老人的生活提供了安全保障,显著降低了社区管理人员的压力。在真实数据集上的实验结果验证了该模型的有效性。     

一种智能监控系统的设计与实现

提出了一种智能监控系统的设计和实现,即基于生活供应线的独居老人远程监护方法,通过对日常生活中使用的水、电、煤气、燃气的使用情况进行检测,获得老人日常的生活供应线的使用情况及变化趋势。经检测老人家中生活供应线使用的数据积累,通过递推算法以及生活供应线使用的数据建立老人的活动量变化模型,并在此基础上,进行老人健康和安全状况的预测、异常推理,并将推理结果进行量化,根据该量化结果实施相适应的援助方式,从而实现独居老人的远程监护。     

基于活动量分析的独居老人远程监护系统的研究

提出了一种针对独居老人的远程监护系统,通过无线传感器获取老人的日常活动信息。通过对一段时间内采集到的活动信息进行活动量的分析,建立老人的活动预测模型,在模型的基础上进行老人活动量异常的检测,实现对独居老人的远程监护。     

独居老人云智能跌倒实时检测系统的开发

为了准确判断独居老人跌倒并且及时救助,设计开发了一种云智能实时检测系统。该云智能检测系统有效地集成了新型MEMS传感器、通信以及控制等先进技术,实现准确判断、实时检测和及时救助功能。系统通过检测装置采集独居老人日常活动数据,通过支持向量机算法（SVM）对数据进行处理,输出特征数据并通过GPRS将数据上传至物联网云平台,同时将跌倒信息发送给监护人手机。并对各种跌倒状况进行各50次实验,其结果表明：跌倒判断的正确率为100%;并且通过手机APP或者物联网云平台监护人可以实时查看独居老人日常活动,同时能接收跌倒消息以便及时救助。该装置可以突破距离限制,远程实时有效监护独居老人。     

面向独居老人的智慧居家养老系统设计与实现

针对老年人智慧养老需求,设计了一款面向独居老人的智慧居家养老系统。监护人通过手机等终端实时查看室内多种环境传感器以及老人手环上传的心率数据、血压传感器上传的血压数据,并通过USB摄像头获取老人的居家环境和生活情况,实现远程照顾老人;同时,利用GA-BP神经网络对智慧手环采集的个人健康监测信息进行分析及心脏病预测,为老人...     

独居老人行动分析及异常报警系统

给出一个利用模糊教学方法实现的独居老人行动分析及异常报警系统设计方案。该系统通过设置在住所中的传感器组获取老人的活动数据,引入模糊逻辑的概念,由单片机实现判别老人活动是否正常。     

基于SINS的老人跌倒实时监测方法

针对老人在跌倒的过程中人体的加速度和角速度特征量的变化,提出了一种基于卡尔曼滤波阈值算法的可穿戴式跌倒实时监测方法。以嵌入式处理器STM32F103ZET6作为处理核心,采用高精度加速度计MPU6050采集人体的加速度、角速度数据;微处理器通过对加速度数据的分析作出跌倒判断,如果判断结果为跌倒,蜂鸣器则会发出报警信号;通过SIM800C模块会向监护人发出求助短信。在搭建的可穿戴式实时监测系统实验平台中进行模型验证,通过对不同运动方式的对比,实验结果表明所提方法的可行性。     

基于ZigBee技术的老人身体状态监测系统设计

无线网络技术为独居老人的远程监控提供了新的方法.本文介绍新兴的ZigBee无线网络技术,分析其在家庭环境下人体健康监测领域的适用性与优势,针对老人护理的特点和监测需求,组建了星状结构的无线传感监测网络,提出老人身体状态监测系统整体架构,使用加速度传感器获取老人的身体状态信息,设计了协调器与终端节点,进一步探讨了各主要节点与模块的结构与功能.     

无线远程家庭监护系统的设计与实现

针对亟待解决的独居老人监护的社会问题,设计了独居老人无线家庭监护系统。该系统通过医用电极采集受监护老人的生理信号,信号经过微弱信号放大电路及单片机处理后,通过无线收发模块将数据以无线的方式传送到小区监护中心。小区监护医生对老人进行每日的日常监护,一旦发生异常,监护系统立刻发生报警,通知急救人员进行救援。测试结果表明,系统性能稳定,能够对监护对象的脉搏、血压和心率进行实时监控。     

基于三帧时间差分法的独居老人运动检测

中国已经进入老龄化社会,老人的安全日益受到关注。通过最大类间方差法和三帧时间差分法进行自然背景和光照条件下室内运动人体目标的分割及运动状态的检测。实验表明算法基本能检测到运动人体轮廓,满足实时性要求,并为以后的独居老人姿态识别和安全判断打好基础。     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。