改进的离散型萤火虫优化算法求解柔性作业车间调度问题

针对传统的群智能优化算法在求解柔性作业车间调度问题(FJSP)时,存在寻优能力不足且易陷入局部最优等缺点,本文以最小化最大完工时间为目标,将萤火虫算法(FA)用于求解柔性作业车间调度问题,提出一种改进的离散型萤火虫算法(DFA)。首先,通过两段式编码建立FA连续优化问题与FJSP离散优化问题之间的联系;其次,设计一种群初始化方法,以确保初始解的质量以及多样性;然后,提出改进离散型萤火虫优化算法并引入局部搜索算法,加强算法的全局搜索能力和局部搜索能力;最后,对标准算例进行仿真,验证DFA算法求解FJSP的有效性。通过与遗传算法和粒子群优化算法进行仿真对比,表明了DFA求解FJSP的优越性。     

柔性作业车间调度问题的多目标优化算法

柔性作业车间调度问题具有解集多样化与解空间复杂的特点,传统多目标优化算法求解时容易陷入局部最优且丢失解的多样性。在建立以最大完工时间、最大能耗、机器总负荷为优化目标的柔性作业车间调度模型的情况下,提出一种改进的非支配排序遗传算法（Improved Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II, INSGA-II）求解该模型。INSGA-II算法先将随机式初始化与启发式初始化方法混合,提高种群多样性;然后对工序部分与机器部分采用针对性的交叉、变异策略,提高算法全局搜索能力;最后设计自适应的交叉、变异算子以兼顾算法的全局收敛与局部寻优能力。在mk01～mk07标准数据集上的实验结果显示INSGA-II算法有着更优的算法收敛性与解集多样性。     

基于改进帝国竞争算法的柔性作业车间机器故障重调度

针对机器故障下的柔性作业车间重调度问题,提出了一种改进的帝国竞争算法（ICA）。首先,以最大完工时间、机器能耗和总延迟时间为目标函数建立柔性作业车间动态重调度模型,并对三个目标采用线性加权法;然后提出了改进的ICA来把优良的信息保留到下一代,即在传统ICA的同化和革命步骤后加入一个轮盘赌的选择机制,使初始帝国中的优秀基因得以保留,并且更新后的帝国质量更优,更加贴近最优解;最后,在机器发生故障后,采用事件驱动的重调度策略对故障点后未加工的工序进行重新调度。通过生产实例,对假设的三种机器故障情景进行仿真实验,并把所提算法与改进遗传算法（GA）和遗传算法与模拟退火混合算法（GASA）这两种算法进行比较。实验结果表明了提出的改进ICA是有效且可行的。     

求解作业车间调度问题的改进遗传算法

使用遗传算法求解作业车间调度问题时,为了获得最优解,提高算法的收敛速度,提出了改进遗传算法.算法以最小化最大完工时间为优化目标,初始化时将种群规模扩大为原来的两倍以增加种群多样性;迭代时使用新的适应度函数让染色体间更易区分;通过轮盘赌法完成染色体选择;用POX(Precedence Operation Crossover)交叉算子完成交叉操作;用互换法完成变异操作;通过具有自我调节能力的交叉和变异概率不断地调整概率值来提高算法寻优能力和收敛速度.仿真结果表明,改进后的遗传算法收敛速度快,寻优能力强,获得的最优解优于标准遗传算法,更适用于作业车间的加工生产.     

带时间窗的同时取送货车辆路径问题建模及模因求解算法

为解决逆向物流背景下的带时间窗的同时取送货车辆路径问题（VRPSPDTW）,根据实际情况建立了相应的车辆路径问题模型,并采用模因算法进行求解。在模型的求解过程中使用引导弹射搜索（GES）生成初始种群,在种群进化的过程中采用边界组合交叉（EAX）产生子代,并采用多种邻域结构对子代进行修复、教育,以提高解的质量和算法的搜索效率。通过在Wang和Chen测试数据集上与遗传算法（GA）、并行模拟退火（p-SA）算法、离散布谷鸟（DCS）算法进行比较,实验结果显示：在小规模算例进行求解时,所提算法全部取得了当前最优解;对标准规模算例进行求解时,所提算法使70%的算例更新或获取了当前最优解,获得的最优求解算例结果与当前最优解相比有超过5%的提升,充分验证了所提算法求解VRPSPDTW的良好性能。     

模拟退火下布谷鸟算法求解车间作业调度问题

针对车间作业调度问题（JSP）,在标准布谷鸟算法的莱维飞行中加入自适应机制,寻优过程中引入二值交叉算子保持改进算法的种群多样性,最后在模拟退火框架下增强改进算法跳出局部最优的能力。通过标准算例对所提的改进算法进行实验仿真,结果证明了改进算法的正确性和有效性。     

基于自适应参数与混沌搜索的PSO算法求解柔性作业车间调度问题

针对传统粒子群优化(PSO)算法在求解柔性作业车间调度问题中的不足,提出了基于自适应参数与混沌搜索的粒子群优化算法。对粒子群算法中的惯性系数等参数采用基于迭代搜索而自适应调整的方式,使粒子在初期以较大惯性进行大范围搜索,后期逐渐减小惯性而转入精细搜索。这种方法改变了传统粒子群算法在求解过程中的盲目随机与求解精度不高的问题;同时,通过在局部搜索过程中引入混沌技术,扩大对最优解的寻找范围,以此避免算法陷入局部最优,有效提高算法的全局寻优能力。实验结果表明,基于自适应参数与混沌搜索的粒子群优化算法在求解柔性作业车间调度问题(FJSP)时能够获得更优粒子适应度平均值及更好的优化目标。所提算法对求解柔性作业车间调度问题可行,有效。     

基于改进GSO算法的柔性作业车间E/T调度问题

针对机器资源和加工路线可选择情况下的柔性车间调度,以最小最大完工时间和时间惩罚成本为目标建立柔性车间E/T调度模型.根据问题特点,提出一种改进的萤火虫算法（GSO）,算法设计了一种具有贪婪思想的编码策略,一个萤火虫个体表示工序加工顺序和工序加工位置;采用自适应选择策略,使步长自适应,提高算法精度;引入POX交叉、邻域交换和反序排序方法提高算法局部和全局寻优能力,并利用贪婪思想,提高算法的收敛速度.通过经典算例和实例验证算法性能,实验结果表明改进的萤火虫算法求解柔性车间调度问题的有效性.     

一种改进的求解柔性作业车间调度问题的灰狼算法

柔性作业车间调度问题是智能制造领域的一类典型调度问题,它是制造流程规划和管理中最关键的环节之一,有效的求解方法对提高生产效率具有重要的现实意义。本文基于经典灰狼算法进行改进,以优化最大完工时间为目标,提出一种改进的灰狼算法来求解柔性作业车间调度问题。算法首先采用基于权值的编码形式,实现对经典狼群算法中连续性编码的离散化;其次在迭代优化过程中加入随机游走策略,以增强局部搜索能力;然后在种群更新过程中加入尾部淘汰策略,在避免局部优化的同时增加种群多样性,合理扩大算法的广度搜索范围。在标准算例上的仿真实验结果表明,改进的灰狼算法在求解FJSP时比经典灰狼算法在寻优能力方面具有明显的优势,相比其它智能优化算法,本文所提算法在每种算例上均具有更好的优化性能。     

基于混合人工蜂群算法的多目标柔性作业车间调度问题研究

传统的优化算法在求解面对多目标柔性作业车间调度时,往往求解效率低且难以获得最优解。为了求解多目标柔性作业车间调度问题,设计了混合人工蜂群算法。种群的初始化采用了多种方法相结合的策略。在人工蜂群算法的不同阶段采用不同的搜索机制,在雇佣蜂阶段采用开发搜索,针对跟随蜂阶段蜜蜂跟随的对象的优秀解进行小幅度的更新,从而提高了搜索的表现。禁忌搜索与改进的人工蜂群算法相结合,有效的提升了获得最优解的概率。通过相关文献中的标准实例对设计的混合人工蜂群算法进行一系列求解测试,实验的结果有效的说明了算法在求解柔性作业车间调度问题时效果显著。通过求解结果对比表明人工蜂群算法的高效性和优越性。     

An efficient genetic algorithm for job-shop scheduling problems with fuzzy processing time and fuzzy duedate

In this paper, by considering the imprecise or fuzzy nature of the data in real-world problems, job-shop scheduling problems with fuzzy processing time and fuzzy duedate are formulated and a genetic algorithm which is suitable for solving the formulated problems is proposed. On the basis of the agreement index of fuzzy duedate and fuzzy completion time, the formulated fuzzy job-shop scheduling problems are interpreted so as to maximize the minimum agreement index. For solving the formulated fuzzy job-shop scheduling problems, an efficient genetic algorithm is proposed by incorporating the concept of similarity among individuals into the genetic algorithms using the Gannt chart. As illustrative numerical examples, both 6×6 and 10×10 job-shop scheduling problems with fuzzy duedate and fuzzy processing time are considered. Through the comparative simulations with simulated annealing, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method are demonstrated.     

A modified genetic algorithm with fuzzy roulette wheel selection for job-shop scheduling problems

The job-shop scheduling problem is one of the most difficult production planning problems. Since it is in the NP-hard class, a recent trend in solving the job-shop scheduling problem is shifting towards the use of heuristic and metaheuristic algorithms. This paper proposes a novel metaheuristic algorithm, which is a modification of the genetic algorithm. This proposed algorithm introduces two new concepts to the standard genetic algorithm: (1) fuzzy roulette wheel selection and (2) the mutation operation with tabu list. The proposed algorithm has been evaluated and compared with several state-of-the-art algorithms in the literature. The experimental results on 53 JSSPs show that the proposed algorithm is very effective in solving the combinatorial optimization problems. It outperforms all state-of-the-art algorithms on all benchmark problems in terms of the ability to achieve the optimal solution and the computational time.     

An effective genetic algorithm for the flexible job-shop scheduling problem

In this paper, we proposed an effective genetic algorithm for solving the flexible job-shop scheduling problem (FJSP) to minimize makespan time. In the proposed algorithm, Global Selection (GS) and Local Selection (LS) are designed to generate high-quality initial population in the initialization stage. An improved chromosome representation is used to conveniently represent a solution of the FJSP, and different strategies for crossover and mutation operator are adopted. Various benchmark data taken from literature are tested. Computational results prove the proposed genetic algorithm effective and efficient for solving flexible job-shop scheduling problem.     

面向复杂作业车间的交互式两级调度方法

针对边界不确定和具有决策偏好的大规模复杂作业车间调度问题,提出以第1级为交互式约束设置求解,第2级为优化求解的两级调度求解策略.在第1级调度中研究交互式约束满足的基于优先级快速调度构建算法,作为支持决策者交互式约束调整的快速响应求解方法.在第2级调度中以基于优先级的快速调度构建算法为基础,研究以优先级为决策变量的智能优化搜索算法,作为满足第1级调度中的交互式约束的改进优化求解.该方法较好地融入了决策者的经验知识和偏好,同时结合优化搜索求解算法,使得在满足决策者偏好的基础上进一步改进调度求解质量,增加调度求解结果的可信度,在实际应用中取得良好的应用效果.最后,通过一个案例对该两级调度求解策略的过程进行描述,并对所提出方法的有效性进行阐述.     

一种改进双倍体遗传算法的研究与设计

针对生产调度中典型的作业车间调度问题,在对标准遗传算法深入研究的基础上,提出了一种改进的双倍体遗传算法,该算法依靠双倍体所固有的适应环境的能力,采用新的编码技术,来更有效的达到搜索寻优的目的。     

精英进化策略求解柔性作业车间调度问题

柔性作业车间调度问题允许一道工序可以在多个可选机器上进行加工,减少了机器约束,增加了求解难度,是典型的NP难问题。结合其特点,设计了一种精英进化策略遗传算法求解柔性作业车间调度问题。提出了解阀值的指标,使得外部精英库中不仅保留算法每次迭代过程中的最优解,而且保留最优值相等而调度方案不同的解,为调度人员提供更多选择。通过制造企业中的实际案例和其它文献中的案例对提出的精英进化策略遗传算法进行了测试,结果证明提出方法的有效性。     

基于双层粒子群优化算法的柔性作业车间调度优化

针对柔性作业车间调度问题(FJSP),提出了一种改进的双层粒子群优化(ITLPSO)算法。首先,以机器的最大完工时间最小化为优化目标,建立了一个柔性作业车间调度模型;然后,介绍了改进的双层PSO算法,为了避免陷入局部最优和提高收敛速度,算法中加入了停滞阻止策略和凹函数递减策略;最后,对相关实例进行求解,并与已有算法作了比较。实验结果表明,与标准PSO算法和双层粒子群优化(TLPSO)算法相比,最大完工时间的最优值分别减少了11和6,最大完工时间的平均值分别减少了15.7和4,收敛速度明显提高。经过性能分析,所提算法可以明显提高柔性作业车间的调度效率,从而获得了更优的调度方案。     

An improved adaptive genetic algorithm based on hormone modulation mechanism for job-shop scheduling problem

An improved adaptive genetic algorithm (IAGA) for solving the minimum makespan problem of job-shop scheduling problem (JSP) is presented. Though the traditional genetic algorithm (GA) exhibits implicit parallelism and can retain useful redundant information about what is learned from previous searches by its representation in individuals in the population, yet GA may lose solutions and substructures due to the disruptive effects of genetic operators and is not easy to regulate GA’s convergence. The proposed IAGA is inspired from hormone modulation mechanism, and then the adaptive crossover probability and adaptive mutation probability are designed. The proposed IAGA is characterized by simplifying operations, high search precision, overcoming premature phenomenon and slow evolution. The proposed method by employing operation-based encoding is effectively applied to solve a dynamic job-shop scheduling problem (DJSP) and a complicated contrastive experiment of JSP in manufacturing system. Meanwhile, in order to ensure to create a feasible solution, a new method for crossover operation is adopted, named, partheno-genetic operation (PGO). The computational results validate the effectiveness of the proposed IAGA, which can not only find optimal or close-to-optimal solutions but can also obtain both better and more robust results than the existing genetic algorithms reported recently in the literature. By employing IAGA, machines can be used more efficiently, which means that tasks can be allocated appropriately, production efficiency can be improved, and the production cycle can be shortened efficiently.     

基于模糊物元模型的高维多目标FJSP研究*

为解决高维多目标柔性作业车间调度问题,提出了一种基于模糊物元模型与粒子群算法的模糊粒子群算法（Fuzzy Particle Swarm Optimization,FPSO）。该算法以模糊物元分析理论为依据,采用复合模糊物元与基准模糊物元之间的欧式贴近度作为适应度值引导粒子群算法的进化,并引入具有容量限制的外部存储器保留较优的Pareto非支配解以供决策者选择。此外,构建了优化目标为最大完工时间、设备总负荷、加工成本、最大设备负荷与加工质量的高维多目标优化模型,并以Kacem基准问题与实际生产数据为例进行仿真模拟与对比分析。结果表明,该算法具有良好的收敛性且搜索到的非支配解分布性较好,能够有效地应用于求解高维多目标柔性作业车间调度问题。     

Optimisation of distributed manufacturing flexible job shop scheduling by using hybrid genetic algorithms

In contrast to traditional job-shop scheduling problems, various complex constraints must be considered in distributed manufacturing environments; therefore, developing a novel scheduling solution is necessary. This paper proposes a hybrid genetic algorithm (HGA) for solving the distributed and flexible job-shop scheduling problem (DFJSP). Compared with previous studies on HGAs, the HGA approach proposed in this study uses the Taguchi method to optimize the parameters of a genetic algorithm (GA). Furthermore, a novel encoding mechanism is proposed to solve invalid job assignments, where a GA is employed to solve complex flexible job-shop scheduling problems (FJSPs). In addition, various crossover and mutation operators are adopted for increasing the probability of finding the optimal solution and diversity of chromosomes and for refining a makespan solution. To evaluate the performance of the proposed approach, three classic DFJSP benchmarks and three virtual DFJSPs were adapted from classical FJSP benchmarks. The experimental results indicate that the proposed approach is considerably robust, outperforming previous algorithms after 50 runs.