基于最大类间方差的最大熵图像分割

最大熵分割算法对于目标与背景之间界限模糊的图像分割效果较好,但该算法对图像边缘的处理能力较差。最大类间方差分割算法对图像边缘的识别能力较强,但该算法对于目标和背景之间界限模糊的图像分割效果不好。针对上述问题,提出了一种基于最大类间方差的最大熵图像分割算法,该算法既能很好地对目标与背景之间界限模糊的图像进行分割,又能有效地识别图像的边缘。实验结果表明,本文所提算法对目标与背景之间界限模糊的图像的分割效果以及对图像边缘的识别能力均优于传统的最大类间方差算法和最大熵算法,且具有更好的有效性和鲁棒性。     

An adaptive semi-supervised Fuzzy GrowCut algorithm to segment masses of regions of interest of mammographic images

According to the World Health Organization, breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide, becoming one of the most fatal types of cancer. Mammography image analysis is still the most effective imaging technology for breast cancer diagnosis, which is based on texture and shape analysis of mammary lesions. The GrowCut algorithm is a general-purpose segmentation method based on cellular automata, able to perform relatively accurate segmentation through the adequate selection of internal and external seed points. In this work we propose an adaptive semi-supervised version of the GrowCut algorithm, based on the modification of the automaton evolution rule by adding a Gaussian fuzzy membership function in order to model non-defined borders. In our proposal, manual selection of seed points of the suspicious lesion is changed by a semiautomatic stage, where just the internal points are selected by using a differential evolution algorithm. We evaluated our proposal using 57 lesion images obtained from MiniMIAS database. Results were compared with the semi-supervised state-of-the-art approaches BEMD, BMCS, Wavelet Analysis, LBI, Topographic Approach and MCW. Results show that our method achieves better results for circumscribed, spiculated lesions and ill-defined lesions, considering the similarity between segmentation results and ground-truth images.     

一种用细胞神经网提取遥感图像边缘的新方法*

针对灰度遥感图像具有噪声多、图像亮度均匀、边缘模糊等特点,提出了基于细胞神经网遥感图像边缘检测的新方法。该算法主要是利用细胞神经网先后对遥感图像进行图像滤波、灰度阈值化、膨胀腐蚀、边缘检测等模板操作。实验结果表明,与传统的Sobel和Canny边缘检测算法相比,本算法不仅能有效地去除噪声对边缘检测的影响,而且能够快速完整地提取图像边缘。     

Improved spatial fuzzy c-means clustering for image segmentation using PSO initialization,Mahalanobis distance and post-segmentation correction

In this paper, we propose an improvement method for image segmentation using the fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm (FCM). This algorithm is widely experimented in the field of image segmentation with very successful results. In this work, we suggest further improving these results by acting at three different levels. The first is related to the fuzzy c-means algorithm itself by improving the initialization step using a metaheuristic optimization. The second level is concerned with the integration of the spatial gray-level information of the image in the clustering segmentation process and the use of Mahalanobis distance to reduce the influence of the geometrical shape of the different classes. The final level corresponds to refining the segmentation results by correcting the errors of clustering by reallocating the potentially misclassified pixels. The proposed method, named improved spatial fuzzy c-means IFCMS, was evaluated on several test images including both synthetic images and simulated brain MRI images from the McConnell Brain Imaging Center (BrainWeb) database. This method is compared to the most used FCM-based algorithms of the literature. The results demonstrate the efficiency of the ideas presented.     

基于多尺度小波与模糊方法的图像边缘检测

提出了一种基于多尺度小波变换和模糊方法的图像边缘检测算法,它将图像分为高频和低频部分别进行处理,高频部分利用多尺度小波变换进行边缘检测,低频部分利用模糊方法进行边缘检测,并对两种方法得到的边缘图像进行融合,实验结果证明检测出的边缘与其它传统边缘检测算子所获结果得到了很大的改善.     

基于改进蚁群算法的CT图像边缘检测方法研究

将蚁群算法(ACA)应用于CT图像边缘检测领域,提出一种新的CT图像边缘检测方法。为了提高检测效率、精确度和对各类CT图像的适应性,对蚁群算法进行了改进,并针对图像中的不同内容采取不同的转移策略和信息素更新规则。实验结果表明了该算法的有效性,满足了CT图像三维重建的需求。     

A framework with modified fast FCM for brain MR images segmentation

Intensity inhomogeneity, noise and partial volume (PV) effect render a challenging task for segmentation of brain magnetic resonance (MR) images. Most of the current MR image segmentation methods focus on only one or two of the effects listed above. In this paper, a framework with modified fast fuzzy c-means for brain MR images segmentation is proposed to take all these effects into account simultaneously and improve the accuracy of image segmentations. Firstly, we propose a new automated method to determine the initial values of the centroids. Secondly, an adaptive method to incorporate the local spatial continuity is proposed to overcome the noise effectively and prevent the edge from blurring. The intensity inhomogeneity is estimated by a linear combination of a set of basis functions. Meanwhile, a regularization term is added to reduce the iteration steps and accelerate the algorithm. The weights of the regularization terms are all automatically computed to avoid the manually tuned parameter. Synthetic and real MR images are used to test the proposed framework. Improved performance of the proposed algorithm is observed where the intensity inhomogeneity, noise and PV effect are commonly encountered. The experimental results show that the proposed method has stronger anti-noise property and higher segmentation precision than other reported FCM-based techniques.     

基于边界特征的一维最大熵图像分割算法的研究与实现

本文提出了一种新的图象分割算法，该算法首先检测边缘，在边界图象的基础上进行图象二值化，保留了边界特征，而且能自适应地选择阈值，克服了一维最大熵阈值方法进行图象分割时丢失边界特征的缺点。大量实验表明该算法取得了很好的效果，而且可以处理低质量或边缘模糊的图象，具有一定的推广实用价值。     

自适应属性加权2维FCM分割算法

目的 为了提高2维直方图模糊C均值聚类分割算法的抗噪性和普适性,提出了属性加权2维直方图模糊C均值聚类分割新方法。方法 针对2维直方图模糊C均值聚类分割算法存在阈值参数选取不当导致抗噪性能差的不足,将属性加权引入2维直方图模糊C均值聚类并有效解决了每维属性聚类贡献度的问题。结果 本文算法相比2维直方图模糊C均值聚类分割法抗椒盐和高斯噪声性能平均提高了2～3 dB;同时,相比模糊局部C均值聚类分割法抗椒盐噪声性能平均提高了2～3 dB且抗高斯噪声性能稍差大约1 dB,但本文算法相比模糊局部C均值聚类分割法的速度平均提高了大约40倍。结论 实验结果表明,本文算法相比现有2维直方图模糊C均值聚类算法更适合噪声图像分割;同时,相比模糊局部C均值聚类算法更有利于实时性要求较高场合的目标跟踪和识别等需要。同时从大量图像测试得出,本文算法对于一般人工合成图像、智能交通图像及遥感图像等具有普遍适用性。     

一种矿井巷道图像边缘检测算法

针对传统的Canny算法在处理模糊的矿井巷道图像时存在边缘提取效果较差的问题,提出了一种基于小波变换和Canny算法的矿井巷道图像边缘检测算法。该算法首先对矿井巷道原始图像做小波分解,获得低频图像和高频图像,从而避免模糊图像对边缘检测效果的影响;然后采用Canny算法计算低频图像和高频图像的一阶差分,获得低频图像和高频图像的梯度图,通过计算局部梯度最大值,获得高频图像和低频图像的边缘图;当高频图像的边缘图上出现间断点时,在低频图像的边缘图中检测该点的8点邻域,寻找连接点,即可得到完整的矿井巷道边缘检测图。实验结果表明,与传统的Canny算法相比,该算法能够检测到较多的图像边缘点,具有较好的边缘连接效果。     

结合灰度直方图和细胞自动机的多模态MRI脑胶质瘤分割

为了解决脑胶质瘤边界模糊、复杂而导致的分割不准确问题,提出了一种将灰度直方图（gray level histogram,GLH）与改进的细胞自动机相结合的脑胶质瘤分割算法。首先,对脑胶质瘤的T2加权图像和液体衰减反转（FLAIR）图像进行融合;然后,利用灰度直方图特性增强脑胶质瘤区域;最后,以加权距离为特征向量用改进的细胞自动机进行分割,并得到脑胶质瘤各组织分割结果。在20组BraTS2015（brain tumor segmentation）数据库数据和10组临床脑胶质瘤数据上进行分割实验,整个肿瘤区域及核心肿瘤区域的平均分割准确率分别达到90.76%和89.73%。实验结果表明,相对于对比方法,所提算法不仅能更好地分割出对比度明显的胶质瘤区域,还在一定程度上解决了模糊胶质瘤区域分割不准确的问题。该算法在保持不增加算法复杂度的同时,亦提高了算法分割的准确性和鲁棒性。     

快速鲁棒核空间模糊聚类分割

目的 传统模糊C-均值聚类应用于图像分割仅考虑像素本身的聚类问题,无法克服噪声干扰对图像分割结果的影响,不利于受到噪声干扰的工业图像、医学影像和高分遥感影像等进行目标提取、识别和解译。嵌入像素空间邻域信息或局部信息的鲁棒模糊C-均值聚类分割算法是近年来图像分割理论研究中的热点课题。为此,针对现有的鲁棒核空间模糊聚类算法非常耗时且抑制噪声能力弱、不适合强噪声干扰下大幅面图像快速分割等问题,提出一种快速鲁棒核空间模糊聚类分割算法。方法 利用待分割图像中像素邻域的灰度信息和空间位置等信息构建线性加权滤波图像,对其进行鲁棒核空间模糊聚类。为了进一步提高算法实时性,引入当前聚类像素与其邻域像素均值所对应的2维直方图信息,构造一种基于2维直方图的鲁棒核空间模糊聚类快速分割最优化数学模型,采用拉格朗日乘子法获得图像分割的像素聚类迭代表达式。结果 对大幅面图像添加一定强度的高斯、椒盐以及混合噪声,以及未加噪标准图像的分割测试结果表明,本文算法比基于邻域空间约束的核模糊C-均值聚类等算法的峰值信噪比至少提高1.5 dB,误分率降低约5%,聚类性能评价的划分系数提高约10%,运行速度比核模糊C-均值聚类和基于邻域空间约束的鲁棒核模糊C-均值聚类算法至少提高30%,与1维直方图核空间模糊C-均值聚类算法具有相当的时间开销,所得分割结果具有较好的主观视觉效果。结论 通过理论分析和实验验证,本文算法相比现有空间邻域信息约束的鲁棒核空间模糊聚类等算法具有更强的抗噪鲁棒性、更优的分割性能和实时性,对大幅面遥感、医学等影像快速解译具有积极的促进作用,能更好地满足实时性要求较高场合的图像分割需要。     

基于超像素匹配的图像协同显著性检测

为了快速有效地完成多图像的协同显著性检测,提出了一种基于超像素匹配的检测模型。首先针对一般单个超像素特征匹配效果较差的问题,提出一种基于Hausdorff距离的邻域超像素集匹配算法来进行图像间超像素的精确匹配;然后构建图像内和图像间的双层元胞自动机模型,进行多幅图像之间的显著性传播,从而有效地检测出协同显著性。在公开的测试数据集上的实验结果表明,所提算法的检测精度和检测效率优于目前的主流算法,且具有较强的鲁棒性。     

Edge Detection in Range Images Based on Scan Line Approximation

In this paper we present a novel edge detection algorithm for range images based on a scan line approximation technique. Compared to the known methods in the literature, our algorithm has a number of advantages. It provides edge strength measures that have a straightforward geometric interpretation and supports a classification of edge points into several subtypes. We give a definition of optimal edge detectors and compare our algorithm to this theoretical model. We have carried out extensive tests using real range images acquired by four range scanners with quite different characteristics. Using a simple contour closure technique, we show that our edge detection method is able to achieve a complete range image segmentation into regions. This edge-based segmentation approach turns out to be superior to many region-based methods with regard to both segmentation quality and computational efficiency. The good results that were achieved demonstrate the practical usefulness of our edge detection algorithm.     

P-tile与直方图模糊C-均值聚类相结合的路面图像阈值分割

路面图像裂缝自动检测技术是公路养护技术的重要方向,路面图像的分割是路面图像处理的关键步骤。由于噪声等干扰因素的影响,使得利用传统的模糊C_均值聚类（F（M） 算法进行路面图像分割得不到满意的结果。本文采用Ptile算法和直方图模糊C-均值聚类算法对路面图像进行分割,一方面克服了传统FCM运算量大、计算速度慢的缺点,另一 一方面减少分割算法分析的范围,增强了分割的效果。实验证明,本文算法能较好地分割出路面图像的裂缝。     

Cell image segmentation using bacterial foraging optimization

Edge detection is the most commonly used method for cell image segmentation, where local search strategies are employed. Although traditional edge detectors are computationally efficient, they are heavily reliant on initialization and may produce discontinuous edges. In this paper, we propose a bacterial foraging-based edge detection (BFED) algorithm to segment cell images. We model the gradients of intensities as the nutrient concentration and propel bacteria to forage along nutrient-rich locations that mimic the behavior of Escherichia coli. Our nature-inspired evolutionary algorithm, can identify the desired edges and mark them as the tracks of bacteria. We have evaluated our algorithm against four edge detectors − the Canny, SUSAN, Verma's and an active contour model (ACM) technique − on synthetic and real cell images. Our results indicate that the BFED algorithm identifies boundaries more effectively and provides more accurate cell image segmentation.     

基于改进模糊C均值的海面目标图像分割算法

提出一种图像分割算法,解决水面无人艇在执行目标跟踪与识别任务过程中的图像快速准备分割问题。首先使用均值滤波算法对彩色的海洋背景图像进行滤波,同时利用其非参数性得到图像的聚类中心和类别数,并以此作为初始化参数进行图像的模糊C均值聚类,在此基础上进行大津法Otsu二值化处理实现目标提取。使用BSDS500标准数据集和海洋背景图像对算法的分割效果及效率进行验证,与传统的模糊C均值算法、脉冲耦合神经网络算法、自适应遗传算法以及马尔科夫随机场算法进行对比的结果显示了该算法的有效性。     

A cellular automata model for edge relaxation

An edge detection method based on a fuzzy cellular automata model which serves as the relaxation labeling process constraint is described. An initial estimate of edge locations is made and the remaining ambiguities are resolved by thinning and enhancing the edges through several iterations. An efficient fixed step algorithm is presented and its performance is evaluated for different noise level images. The method is useful for the detection of linear image features in three-dimensional robot vision systems.     

基于小波图像融合算法和改进FCM聚类的MR脑部图像分割算法

针对很多基于模糊C均值(FCM)的图像分割算法存在对噪声敏感和分割轮廓不清晰等问题,提出一种基于小波变换图像融合算法和FCM聚类算法的MR医学图像分割算法。在图像分割系统的第一阶段,利用Haar小波多分辨率特性保持像素间的空间信息;第二阶段,利用小波图像融合算法对得到的多分辨率图像和原始图像进行融合,进而增强被处理图像的清晰度并降低噪声;第三阶段,利用改进型FCM技术对所处理的图像进行分割。在BrainWeb数据集上进行实验,与现有相关算法相比,提出的算法具有较高的分割精度,且对噪声的鲁棒性比较强,处理时间也没有明显增加。     

无监督模糊C均值聚类自然图像分割算法

提出一种基于无监督模糊C均值聚类的彩色自然图像分割算法。使用置信区间交集准则自适应得到Gabor滤波器中各个像素点对应的尺度,并以该自适应尺度为依据,计算相应的自适应方向、频率以及相位;使用该自适应Gabor滤波方法分别对各通道进行纹理分析得到相应的纹理图像。提出一种快速的基于多项式分割的方法对各个纹理图像进行分析,确定聚类数目,并使用无监督模糊C均值聚类算法得到最终的分割结果。实验结果表明,该算法能够很好地克服图像纹理对于分割结果的影响,有效区分目标与背景,分割结果具有较高的分割精度,是一种有效的自然彩色图像分割方法。