基于外部排序的字串左右熵快速计算方法

左右熵在自然语言处理领域有着广泛应用,但目前尚无有效方法实施大规模语料中海量模式的左右熵快速计算。提出了一种计算方法,对于某长度字串计算熵,首先按长度提取语料中的全部字串,使用外部排序和归并获取字串的出现频率,然后分别剔除首尾字符构造待计算字串的频率提供文件,最后使用文件记录频率对比来计算右熵和左熵。分析和实验表明,该方法的计算量同语料规模成线性关系,适于大规模语料中海量字串的左右熵计算。     

大规模语料中频繁模式增量发现算法

提出一种适用于大规模语料的频繁模式增量发现算法。统计局部区域提取的字符串频度,对局部相对低频字符串进行剪枝。利用多模式串匹配算法,统计剪枝后局部相对高频字符串在整个语料中的频度,得到频度大于阈值的频繁模式。实验结果表明,该算法具有较低的空间复杂度和时间复杂度,内存消耗为基于后缀数组的频繁模式发现算法的20%左右。     

一种基于海量语料的网络热点新词识别方法

基于海量语料的热点新词识别是汉语自动处理领域的一项基础性课题,因要求快速处理大规模语料,且在新词检测中需要更多智力因素,在研究中存在较多困难。构建了一个基于海量语料的网络热点新词识别框架,整合了所提出的基于逐层剪枝算法的重复模式提取,基于统计学习模型的新词检测及基于组合特征的新词词性猜测等3个重要算法,用以提高新词识别的处理能力和识别效果。实验和数据分析表明,该框架能高效可靠地从大规模语料中提取重复模式,构造候选新词集合,并能有效实施新词检测和新词属性识别任务,处理效果达到了目前的较好水平。     

一种自定义顺序的字符串排序算法

现有的排序算法很难实现自定义顺序的字符串排序,提出一种自定义顺序的字符串快速排序方法.在应用连续编号定义字符排序顺序的基础上,使用哈希表结构将字符串转换成对应的整型数组,以字符的最大编号作为基数排序算法的新基数,实现字符串的基数排序.分析和实验表明,本文方法可有效实现自定义顺序的字符串排序,是一个时间和空间复杂度都是线性的排序算法,比快速排序(Quick Sort)具有更好的时间性能,且可以方便地推广到其它语言的字串排序中.     

一种改进的中文字符串排序方法

对中文字符串排序,最快算法的时间复杂度是O（nlgn）。基数排序算法是目前最快的排序方法之一,时间复杂度是O（dn）,但其一般适用于相同长度的整型数据排序。提出了一种快速的变换方法,将字符串转换为与之等长的整型数组,使用基数排序算法对代表字串的整型数组排序,用以实现对字符串的快速排序。实验表明,提出的算法能快速地进行中文字符串排序,比快速排序算法具有更好的性能,且排序时间与数据规模之间是线性关系,算法的时间复杂度为O（dn）。     

多语种网络文本快速新词抽取

从网络文本中提取新词是网络信息处理中的一个重要问题,在信息检索、文本挖掘、词典编纂、中文分词等领域中都有重要应用。本文提出了一种与语言无关的快速新词提取算法,首先针对后缀树的数据结构将多语言文本进行统一编码,然后使用改进的统计方法在双后缀树上以线性时间统计重复串与邻接类别,并计算字符串的整体度,同时通过剪枝大幅度减少计算量,在中、英文语料上较好地实现了新词的抽取及排序。     

无词典高频字串快速提取和统计算法研究

本文提出了一种快速的高频字串提取和统计方法。使用Hash技术,该方法不需要词典,也不需要语料库的训练,不进行分词操作,依靠统计信息,提取高频字串。用语言学知识进行前缀后缀等处理后,得到的高频字串可以作为未登录词处理、歧义消解和加权处理等的辅助信息。实验显示了该方法速度较快且不受文章本身的限制,在处理小说等真实文本时体现了较高的可用性。     

基于链式描述符索引方式的分区备份优化算法

随着科技的发展,磁盘分区的备份与还原在生产和生活中得到了广泛的应用。将以Partclone开源软件为基础,提出基于链式描述符索引方式的分区备份算法,算法中将分区中相连的数据块合并成I/O簇,并以链式描述符作为I/O簇的索引,从而进行磁盘分区数据的备份与还原。该算法通过减少备份还原过程中的读写次数,缩短分区备份还原的时间。同时对该算法下的实验数据进行分析,并对链式描述符索引方式的优化进行讨论。     

一种基于四叉树的快速聚类算法

以DBSCAN算法为基础,提出一种基于四叉树的快速聚类算法。新算法选择处于核心点的中空球形邻域中的点作为种子点来扩展类,大大减少区域查询的次数,降低I／O开销;使用快速生成的四叉树进行区域查询,在提高查询效率的同时,有效缩短构造空间索引的时间。文中对二维模拟数据和真实数据进行测试,结果表明新算法是有效的。     

基于MapReduce的并行PageRank算法实现

分布式网络爬虫的广泛应用使得搜索引擎的数据规模呈几何式增长,面对数以TB甚至PB量级的数据,单机模式下的PageRank算法由于CPU、I/O和内存的开销过大导致效率低下。为此,提出一种基于MapReduce框架的并行PageRank算法。在算法的一次迭代过程中,利用Map函数对网页拓扑信息文件进行解析,使用Reduce函数计算网页得分,从而并行化PageRank算法的中间迭代过程。通过计算全局网页得分控制迭代次数,得到较精确的网页排序结果。实验结果表明,该算法在保持原有单机PageRank算法整体网页排序精度的基础上,具有较好的集群性能和较快的执行速度。     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

法律信息库系统

本文分析了法律数据库的结构和特点，介绍了采用面向对象设计方法和超文本数据库技术开发和实现法律信息库系统将作为重要网络资源之一为不同用户进行法律咨询服务。     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

International Journal of Automation and Computing Table of Contents

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Information for authors

正SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences(Sci China Inf Sci),cosponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China,and published by Science China Press,is committed to publishing highquality,original results of both basic and applied research in all areas of information sciences,including computer science and technology;systems science,control science and engineering(published in Issues with odd numbers);information and communication engineering;electronic science and technology(published in Issues with even numbers).Sci China Inf Sci is published monthly in both print and electronic forms.It is indexed by Academic OneFile,Astrophysics Data System(ADS),CSA,Cabells,Current Contents/Engineering,Computing and Technology,DBLP,Digital Mathematics Registry,Earthquake Engineering Abstracts,Engineering Index,Engineered Materials Abstracts,Gale,Google,INSPEC,Journal Citation Reports/Science Edition,Mathematical Reviews,OCLC,ProQuest,SCOPUS,Science Citation Index Expanded,Summon by Serial Solutions,VINITI,Zentralblatt MATH.     

Erratum to: Fast global kernel fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm for consonant/vowel segmentation of speech signal

正Erratum to:J Zhejiang Univ-Sci C(ComputElectron)2014 15(7):551-563doi:10.1631/jzus.C1300320The original version of this article unfortunately contained mistakes.Algorithm 6 should be as follows:Algorithm 6 FGKFCM-F clustering Input:(1)X={x_1,x_2,…,x_N},,x_iR~d,i=1,2,…,N,the dataset;(2)C,1C≤N,the number of clusters;(3)ε0,the stopping criterion;     

Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE C (Computers & Electronics) Total contents

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A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.