基于向量空间上的无分发者的秘密共享方案*

将Harn和Lin提出的（n,t,n）秘密共享方案的思想应用到向量空间秘密共享方案,利用向量空间秘密共享方案（+,+）同态性质,提出了一个基于向量空间上的无分发者的秘密共享方案。新方案中每个参与者也是分发者,主秘密由每个分发者的子秘密决定,避免了秘密由一个分发者选择、分发,而造成分发者权利过大的问题;且新方案适用于向量空间访问结构,较（n,t,n）秘密共享方案相比更具一般性,应用范围更广。     

一种可定期更新的（t,n）门限多秘密共享方案

提出了一种可定期更新的（t,n）门限多秘密共享方案。该方案一次可共享多个秘密。参与者的子秘密由参与者自己生成,并且子秘密可定期得到更新。分发者与参与者之间不需要维护安全信道。方案可有效地防止分发者和参与者的欺诈行为,同时可抵抗外界攻击。该方案具有较好的安全性和实用性。     

对基于单向函数的He-Dawson多步骤秘密共享方案的改进

在(t,n)门限秘密共享方案中,有n个参与者,至少t个参与者拿出自己的子秘密就能够同时重构m个秘密.He-Dawson提出了一个基于单向函数的多步骤秘密共享方案.但是他们的方案是一次方案而且不能抵抗合谋攻击.每个参与者的子秘密由参与者自己选取,所以不存在秘密分发者的欺骗.并且每个参与者能够验证其他合作者的欺骗.每个参与者选取的子秘密可以复用.并且组秘密可以以任意顺序重构.此方案还能够抵抗合谋攻击.本方案的安全是基于Shamir门限方案和RSA密钥体制.     

一种基于（部分）广播通道的秘密共享方案

在传统的秘密共享方案中,秘密分发者通过秘密通道分发秘密份额给一组参与者.结合Rei方案和Amos方案,提出仅需一个秘密通道的秘密共享方案.在该方案的秘密分发阶段,秘密分发者与参与者之间使用部分广播通道进行通信,秘密分发者与秘密合并者之间使用一个秘密通道进行通信;在秘密重构阶段,参与者与秘密合并者之间使用广播通道进行通信.通过对该方案进行分析可知,该方案的通道数和总的通信量比已知的两个方案具有明显的优势.     

基于大整数分解可公开验证的秘密共享方案

基于不定方程整数解的存在性及大整数分解的困难性,以Shamir(t,n)门限方案为基础,提出了一种可公开验证的秘密共享方案.方案利用大整数分解的困难性为共享者建立秘密份额,通过不定方程整数解的存在性计算方程的特解组合,共享秘密由共享者的秘密份额和特解组合元素共同计算恢复;方案实现了对秘密份额、参与者之间及参与者对分发者的有效性验证.安全分析表明,该方案是安全的,具有一定的实际应用价值.     

基于细胞自动机的动态多秘密共享方案

针对现有基于细胞自动机多秘密共享方案存在安全性较低和可扩展性较差的问题,提出了一种可验证的动态门限多秘密共享方案.方案中参与者的子秘密可以在多次秘密共享过程中重复使用,减少了秘密分发者的计算负担;在不改变现有参与者子秘密的前提下,可动态加入新参与者和新共享秘密;在秘密分发和重构过程中,能够实现参与者对秘密分发者以及秘密重构者对参与者的验证,及时检测和识别分发者对参与者以及参与者对重构者的欺骗,提高了重构秘密的成功率以及方案的安全性.     

基于d维多粒子纠缠态的(t,n)门限量子秘密共享

为了突破Hilbert空间2维度的局限性，解决秘密重建过程中部分参与者缺席的问题，使用[d]维多粒子纠缠态，提出了一个[(t,n)]门限量子秘密共享方案。秘密分发者制备[n]个[d]维2粒子纠缠对，将第2个粒子分别分发给[n]个参与者。当秘密分发者选择自己手中[t]个粒子进行联合投影测量时，纠缠交换使得参与者手中的对应[t]个粒子坍塌成一个[t]粒子纠缠态。这[t]个参与者通过QFT变换和Pauli运算将份额加入[t]粒子纠缠态。最终，共享的秘密由这[t]个参与者一起合作恢复。安全性分析表明，该方案能抵抗截获-测量-重发攻击、纠缠-测量攻击、合谋攻击和伪造攻击。     

一种分布式动态的多秘密共享方案

现有的门限多秘密共享方案中,大多数存在着参与者的秘密份额由秘密中心生成、具有固定的门限值、需要安全通道、有固定的庄家或秘密中心(Dealer)等安全缺陷问题.为了解决这些问题,本文中提出了一种分布式动态(t,n)门限多秘密共享方案.此方案具有如下特点:1)参与者的秘密份额由自己选取;2)不需建立安全信道;3)无固定庄家或秘密中心(Dealer),每个参与者都可以做秘密分发者进行多秘密的分发,而且在分发、恢复、更新和验证等操作时能一次完成;4)能方便的增加或删除参与共享的成员;5)参与者之间能有效地检测和识别其成员的欺骗行为;因而具有较高的安全性和实用性.     

二次剩余下改进He-Dawson的多秘密共享方案

研究了He-Dawson所提出的基于单向函数的多步骤秘密共享方案,指出该方案是一次方案而且不能抵抗合谋攻击,结合基于身份验证的密码学多秘密共享方案和利用二次剩余构造的数字签名方案,提出了一种利用二次剩余构造一个多秘密共享方案,该方案功能是一种(t,n)门限的多秘密共享方案。该方案中,由秘密分发者分发秘密,但每个参与者可以验证由秘密分发者分发的秘密,可以防止秘密分发者的欺骗,并且每个参与者能够验证其他合作者的欺骗。另外,每个参与者选取的子秘密可以复用,组秘密可以以任意顺序重构,同时该方案还能够抵抗合谋攻击。其安全性是基于Shamir门限方案和RSA密钥体制。在大整数分解困难离散对数难分解等问题的假设下,证明了提出的方案是安全的。     

可动态更新的口令授权多秘密共享方案

秘密共享作为密码学中的一个重要分支,在秘钥托管、安全多方计算、导弹发射等诸多领域有重要作用。现有秘密共享方案大多数都是基于Shamir(t,n)门限方案构造的,其核心思想是秘密分发者通过秘密多项式将秘密s分为n个影子秘密并分发给持有者,其中任意少于t个影子秘密都不能得到主秘密的任何信息,但是传统方案一直没有实现秘密数量动态更新与秘密拥有者口令授权。基于传统的Shamir秘密共享方案和有限域上的模运算,在RSA密码体制的基础上提出了一种可验证的口令授权的多秘密共享方案。在秘密共享过程中,可防止分发者欺骗和恶意参与者攻击,实现秘密数量动态更新与秘密拥有者口令授权,使方案更加具有实用价值。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate