基于多分类器融合算法的3D人脸年龄识别

为了提高人脸识别中待测人脸图像年龄估计的正确率,提出了一种基于多分类器融合的3D人脸年龄识别算法.首先.利用人脸的纹理信息将二维图像映射到标准三维模型上,并以贝叶斯决策理论为基础,对Kittler提出的多分类器融合算法理论框架及其组合规则进行了详细的研究、讨论和改进,然后应用改进后的多分类器组合规则将多个单独识别分类器加以融合以达到分类未知年龄目标人脸的目的,并估计人脸年龄.实验结果表明,算法可有效估计日标人脸年龄,并减小估计误差.     

基于改进朴素贝叶斯分类器的康复训练行为识别方法

为提高康复训练中行为的识别率,对康复训练行为识别进行研究。首先采用Kinect传感器提取人体骨骼坐标信息,定义运动特征分类集合,完成朴素贝叶斯分类器设计;然后改进康复训练动作识别阈值选择机制提升识别率。改进前后对比实验证明该方法快速简洁,取得了较理想的识别效果。     

基于支持度与置信度阈值优化技术的关联分类算法

基于关联规则的分类算法中，支持度和置信度阈值的设置会影响分类器的准确率。以往的关联分类算法都根据经验人为地设置支持度和置信度的阈值，很难保证分类器总能达到较好的分类效果。为了解决该问题，可以将优化求解策略引入到关联分类过程中。通过利用爬山法搜索技术来获得使分类准确率最高的支持度与置信度阈值，对Apriori_TFP_CMAR关联分类算法进行改进，避免了阈值设置不合理影响最终分类效果的问题，提高了关联分类算法的分类准确率。     

基于径向基函数神经网络的红外步态识别

为提高红外步态识别的效果,提出一种基于径向基函数神经网络的多分类器融合算法。对红外步态序列,分别应用基于轮廓线傅立叶描述子特征的模糊分类器和基于下肢关节角度特征的贝叶斯分类器进行识别,再利用径向基函数神经网络的学习和分类功能,对获得的输出信息进行度量层的融合和再识别。仿真实验结果表明,该算法获得更加精确的分类效果。     

基于多分类器组合的一种手写体数字识别方法

提出了一种手写体数字识别系统.该系统由三级分类器组成第一级提取交叉点、闭和圆等结构特征,并用模板匹配的方法进行分类;第二级由两个并行的神经网络分类器组成,每个分类器分别使用不同的统计特征;第三级是综合分类器,它将第二级的输出作为输入,根据投票规则得到最后的输出结果.多分类器组合可以集合分类器的优点,提高整个识别系统的识别精度和可靠性.     

基于分类器集成的核爆地震模式识别

分类器集成是一种解决复杂模式识别问题的有效方法,它通过形成一组分类器并将它们的结果进行组合,可以显著地提高分类系统的泛化推广能力。论文将分类器集成技术用于核爆地震信号的模式识别,并以前馈神经网络作基分类器为例,研究了不同的分类器个体生成方法和决策形成规则对识别效果的影响。     

基于数据库小本征值重置的贝叶斯分类器

在给定概率分布条件下对贝叶斯分类器进行改进,提出一种基于数据库的小本征值阈值重置的贝叶斯分类器。用一个阈值替代类协方差矩阵小于阈值的本征值,使给定数据库的分类错误率最小,是一种优于零子空间法的分类方法。通过在MNIST 6×104个手写体数字数据库的测试,识别率大于96%。对小字集手写体汉字进行的实验表明,识别率大于99%。     

基于蝙蝠算法的贝叶斯分类器优化研究

朴素贝叶斯分类器是一种应用广泛且简单有效的分类算法,但其条件独立性的"朴素贝叶斯假设"与现实存在差异,这种假设限制朴素贝叶斯分类器分类的准确率。为削弱这种假设,利用改进的蝙蝠算法优化朴素贝叶斯分类器。改进的蝙蝠算法引入禁忌搜索机制和随机扰动算子,避免其陷入局部最优解,加快收敛速度。改进的蝙蝠算法自动搜索每个属性的权值,通过给每个属性赋予不同的权值,在计算代价不大幅提高的情况下削弱了类独立性假设且增强了朴素贝叶斯分类器的准确率。实验结果表明,该算法与传统的朴素贝叶斯和文献[6]的新加权贝叶斯分类算法相比,其分类效果更加精准。     

利用PCA和AdaBoost建立基于贝叶斯的组合分类器

提出了一种使用基于贝叶斯的基分类器建立组合分类器的新方法PCABoost.本方法在创建训练样本时,随机地将特征集划分成K个子集,使用PCA得到每个子集的主成分,形成新的特征空间,并将全部的训练数据映射到新的特征空间作为新的训练集.通过不同的变换生成不同的特征空间,从而产生若干个有差异的训练集.在每一个新的训练集上利用AdaBoost建立一组基于贝叶斯的逐渐提升的分类器(即一个分类器组),这样就建立了若干个有差异的分类器组,然后在每个分类器组内部通过加权投票产生一个预测,再把每个组的预测通过投票来产生组合分类器的分类结果,最终建立一个具有两层组合的组合分类器.从UCI标准数据集中随机选取30个数据集进行实验.结果表明,本算法不仅能够显著提高基于贝叶斯的分类器的分类性能,而且与Rotation Forest和AdaBoost等组合方法相比,在大部分数据集上都具有更高的分类准确率.     

累积反馈学习的简单贝叶斯垃圾邮件过滤

给出了一种基于累积反馈学习的简单贝叶斯邮件过滤方法.在此基础上,通过领域规则的引入,对基于累积反馈学习的简单贝叶斯过滤方法进行了改进.实验结果表明累积反馈学习对不断保持和提高分类器的分类效果是必要的.     

Unlabelled extra data do not always mean extra performance for semi-supervised fault prediction

Abstract: This research focused on investigating and benchmarking several high performance classifiers called J48, random forests, naive Bayes, KStar and artificial immune recognition systems for software fault prediction with limited fault data. We also studied a recent semi-supervised classification algorithm called YATSI (Yet Another Two Stage Idea) and each classifier has been used in the first stage of YATSI. YATSI is a meta algorithm which allows different classifiers to be applied in the first stage. Furthermore, we proposed a semi-supervised classification algorithm which applies the artificial immune systems paradigm. Experimental results showed that YATSI does not always improve the performance of naive Bayes when unlabelled data are used together with labelled data. According to experiments we performed, the naive Bayes algorithm is the best choice to build a semi-supervised fault prediction model for small data sets and YATSI may improve the performance of naive Bayes for large data sets. In addition, the YATSI algorithm improved the performance of all the classifiers except naive Bayes on all the data sets.     

Combination of multiple classifiers using probabilistic dictionary and its application to postcode recognition

Combination of multiple classifiers is regarded as an effective strategy for achieving a practical system of handwritten character recognition. A great deal of research on the methods of combining multiple classifiers has been reported to improve the recognition performance of single characters. However, in a practical application, the recognition performance of a group of characters (such as a postcode or a word) is more significant and more crucial. With the motivation of optimizing the recognition performance of postcode rather than that of single characters, this paper presents an approach to combine multiple classifiers in such a way that the combination decision is carried out at the postcode level rather than at the single character level, in which a probabilistic postcode dictionary is utilized as well to improve the postcode recognition ability. It can be seen from the experimental results that the proposed approach markedly improves the postcode recognition performance and outperforms the commonly used methods of combining multiple classifiers at the single character level. Furthermore, the sorting performance of some particular bins with respect to the postcodes with low frequency of occurrence can be improved significantly at the same time.     

基于朴素Bayes组合的简易集成分类器

朴素Bayes分类器是一种简单有效的机器学习工具.本文用朴素Bayes分类器的原理推导出“朴素Bayes组合”公式,并构造相应的分类器.经过测试,该分类器有较好的分类性能和实用性,克服了朴素Bayes分类器精确度差的缺点,并且比其他分类器更加快速而不会显著丧失精确度.     

Combining Classifiers with Meta Decision Trees

The paper introduces meta decision trees (MDTs), a novel method for combining multiple classifiers. Instead of giving a prediction, MDT leaves specify which classifier should be used to obtain a prediction. We present an algorithm for learning MDTs based on the C4.5 algorithm for learning ordinary decision trees (ODTs). An extensive experimental evaluation of the new algorithm is performed on twenty-one data sets, combining classifiers generated by five learning algorithms: two algorithms for learning decision trees, a rule learning algorithm, a nearest neighbor algorithm and a naive Bayes algorithm. In terms of performance, stacking with MDTs combines classifiers better than voting and stacking with ODTs. In addition, the MDTs are much more concise than the ODTs and are thus a step towards comprehensible combination of multiple classifiers. MDTs also perform better than several other approaches to stacking.     

多分类器组合及其应用于手写体数字识别

在许多模式识别的应用中经常遇到这样的问题:组合多个分类器.提出了一种新的组合多个分类器的方法,这个方法由反向传播神经网络来控制,一个无标号的模式输入到每一个单独的分类器,它也同时输入到神经网络中来决定哪两个分类器作为冠军和亚军.让这两个分类器通过一个随机数发生器来决定最终的胜者.并且将这个方法应用到识别手写体数字.实验显示单个分类器的性能能够得到可观的改变.     

窗口信函邮政编码分割与识别系统的研究和实现

文中介绍了窗口信函邮政编码分割与识别系统的研制。根据投影原理首先分割出信封图像上的文字行,然后再在行内分割邮政编码数字的图像。数字的识别采用两种方法分别进行,对两个识别结果经适当的组合形成最后的识别结果。采用了一种基于统计规则的多分类器组合方法,使得组合的结果不仅识别高而且错识率低。     

基于多分类器集成的手写体金融汉字识别

用基于遗传算法的全局优化技术动态地选择一组分类器,并根据应用的背景,采用合适的集成规则进行集成,从而综合了不同分类器的优势和互补性,提高了分类性能。实验结果表明,通过将遗传算法引入到多分类器集成系统的设计过程,其分类性能明显优于传统的单分类器的分类方法。     

集成多分类器的人脸识别

提出一种用组合多分类器融合局部信息进行人脸识别的方法。人脸识别过程中图像样本间的相似度可建模为“类内差”和“类阅差”两种模式类，用这种思想在图像小波分解域的局部区域上构造弱分类器集，然后通过Boosting训练生成强分类器，最终的人脸匹配由多个弱分类器输出的加权和给出决策。实验结果表明，系统具有较高的识别率，对表情和光照变化具有很好的鲁棒性，而且对新个体有较好的扩展能力。     

Class-specific multiple classifiers scheme to recognize emotions from speech signals

Automatic emotion recognition from speech signals is one of the important research areas, which adds value to machine intelligence. Pitch, duration, energy and Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC) are the widely used features in the field of speech emotion recognition. A single classifier or a combination of classifiers is used to recognize emotions from the input features. The present work investigates the performance of the features of Autoregressive (AR) parameters, which include gain and reflection coefficients, in addition to the traditional linear prediction coefficients (LPC), to recognize emotions from speech signals. The classification performance of the features of AR parameters is studied using discriminant, k-nearest neighbor (KNN), Gaussian mixture model (GMM), back propagation artificial neural network (ANN) and support vector machine (SVM) classifiers and we find that the features of reflection coefficients recognize emotions better than the LPC. To improve the emotion recognition accuracy, we propose a class-specific multiple classifiers scheme, which is designed by multiple parallel classifiers, each of which is optimized to a class. Each classifier for an emotional class is built by a feature identified from a pool of features and a classifier identified from a pool of classifiers that optimize the recognition of the particular emotion. The outputs of the classifiers are combined by a decision level fusion technique. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme improves the emotion recognition accuracy. Further improvement in recognition accuracy is obtained when the scheme is built by including MFCC features in the pool of features.     

基于最小代价的多分类器动态集成

本文提出一种基于最小代价准则的分类器动态集成方法．与一般方法不同,动态集成是根据“性能预测特征”,动态地为每一样本选择最适合的一组分类器进行集成．该选择基于使误识代价与时间代价最小化的准则,改变代价函数的定义可以方便地达到识别率与识别速度之间的不同折衷．本文中提出了两种分类器动态集成的方法,并介绍了在联机手写汉字识别中的具体应用．在实验中使了３个分类器进行动态集成,因此,得到７种分类组合．在预先定义的代价意义下,我们比较了动态集成方法和其它７种固定方法的性能．实验结果证明了动态集成方法的高灵活性、实用性和提高系统综合性能的能力．