基于Web服务的协同制造研究

产品的复杂性决定了产品制造过程的复杂性,需要设计、工艺,生产等部门在各个环节以及不同制造原料和生产人员协同完成,网络以及网络化制造的发展为分布式协同制造提供了实现环境,Web Services技术的成熟化为实现协同制造提供了技术支持,各个系统通过Web Services以及可扩展标记语言实现异构信息的共享及制造过程协同.研究了基于Web Ser-vices的协同制造,提出了面向服务的协同制造管理框架,并分析了框架的实现.最后将协同制造管理框架应用到车间管理信息系统,并使CAD,PDM、CAPP、设备、人事、生产信息等协同到制造过程,实现制造过程集成管理.     

Exploiting two-faceted web of trust for enhanced-quality recommendations

Traditional collaborative filtering (CF) based recommender systems on the basis of user similarity often suffer from low accuracy because of the difficulty in finding similar users. Incorporating trust network into CF-based recommender system is an attractive approach to resolve the neighbor selection problem. Most existing trust-based CF methods assume that underlying relationships (whether inferred or pre-existing) can be described and reasoned in a web of trust. However, in online sharing communities or e-commerce sites, a web of trust is not always available and is typically sparse. The limited and sparse web of trust strongly affects the quality of recommendation. In this paper, we propose a novel method that establishes and exploits a two-faceted web of trust on the basis of users’ personal activities and relationship networks in online sharing communities or e-commerce sites, to provide enhanced-quality recommendations. The developed web of trust consists of interest similarity graphs and directed trust graphs and mitigates the sparsity of web of trust. Moreover, the proposed method captures the temporal nature of trust and interest by dynamically updating the two-faceted web of trust. Furthermore, this method adapts to the differences in user rating scales by using a modified Resnick’s prediction formula. As enabled by the Pareto principle and graph theory, new users highly benefit from the aggregated global interest similarity (popularity) in interest similarity graph and the global trust (reputation) in the directed trust graph. The experiments on two datasets with different sparsity levels (i.e., Jester and MovieLens datasets) show that the proposed approach can significantly improve the predictive accuracy and decision-support accuracy of the trust-based CF recommender system.     

Learning to crawl deep web

Deep web or hidden web refers to the hidden part of the Web (usually residing in structured databases) that remains unavailable for standard Web crawlers. Obtaining content of the deep web is challenging and has been acknowledged as a significant gap in the coverage of search engines. The paper proposes a novel deep web crawling framework based on reinforcement learning, in which the crawler is regarded as an agent and deep web database as the environment. The agent perceives its current state and selects an action (query) to submit to the environment (the deep web database) according to Q-value. While the existing methods rely on an assumption that all deep web databases possess full-text search interfaces and solely utilize the statistics (TF or DF) of acquired data records to generate the next query, the reinforcement learning framework not only enables crawlers to learn a promising crawling strategy from its own experience, but also allows for utilizing diverse features of query keywords. Experimental results show that the method outperforms the state of art methods in terms of crawling capability and relaxes the assumption of full-text search implied by existing methods.     

A lightweight framework for authoring XML multimedia content on the web

This paper addresses the issue of authoring XML multimedia content on the web. It focuses on methods that apply to different kinds of contents, including structured documents, factual data, and multimedia objects. It argues in favor of a template-based approach that enhances the ability for multiple applications to use the produced content. This approach is illustrated by AXEL, an innovative multipurpose client-side authoring framework (previously described in Sire et al. (2010)), intended for web users with limited skills. The versatility of the tool is illustrated through a series of use cases that demonstrate the flexibility of the approach for creating various kinds of web content.     

维吾尔文网页正文抽取系统的研究与实现

从构建大规模维吾尔文语料库的角度出发,归纳总结各类网页正文抽取技术,提出一种基于文本句长特征的网页正文抽取方法.该方法定义一系列过滤和替换规则对网页源码进行预处理,根据文本句长特征来判断文本段是否为网页正文.整个处理过程不依赖DOM树型结构,克服了基于DOM树结构进行正文抽取方法的性能缺陷.实验结果表明,对于维文各类型的网页正文提取,该方法均具有较高的准确度度和较好通用性.     

基于Web的路政信息综合查询系统的设计与实现

WebGIS是近来GIS领域的一个应用研究热点,其中多数据源的有机集成是制约其推广应用的关键问题.以路政信息综合查询为研究背景,在ArcIMS的基础上,通过引入ArcSDE和Web Service技术,有效解决了WebGIS环境下的属性数据、空间数据、以及各种多媒体数据的有机集成问题,进而在数据层面上实现了与其它相关系统的数据整合,并在此基础上实现了基于Web的路政信息综合查询系统.     

Web数据挖掘系统的设计及实现研究

在全球信息化进程中，信息超载已经成为一个大问题。Web上信息虽多，但想找到需要的信息却很困难。人们通过点击和搜索引擎与Web进行交互，但是都不能从中准确快捷地获取需要的信息，Web数据挖掘技术就是解决此问题的好方法。讲述了Web数据挖掘的基本理论，根据挖掘对象的不同将其划分为Web内容挖掘、Web链接结构挖掘和Web访问信息挖掘；利用HTML网页的特殊结构性质，提出了一种Web数据挖掘系统的通用框架，并讨论了一些实现的具体技术。     

基于结构与内容的Web主要信息提取方法研究

Web页面的主要信息被广告、超链等无用信息包围,是Web信息自动处理所要解决的难题.传统的信息提取方法是从内容着手,或者从结构出发,很少将两者相结合,因此提出了一种Web主要信息提取方法.该方法可以从Web页面的结构和内容两方面出发,准确地将Web内容进行分块,并对分块内容进行分析处理,从而提取出Web页面的主要信息.     

SMIL State: an architecture and implementation for adaptive time-based web applications

In this paper we examine adaptive time-based web applications (or presentations). These are interactive presentations where time dictates which parts of the application are presented (providing the major structuring paradigm), and that require interactivity and other dynamic adaptation. We investigate the current technologies available to create such presentations and their shortcomings, and suggest a mechanism for addressing these shortcomings. This mechanism, SMIL State, can be used to add user-defined state to declarative time-based languages such as SMIL or SVG animation, thereby enabling the author to create control flows that are difficult to realize within the temporal containment model of the host languages. In addition, SMIL State can be used as a bridging mechanism between languages, enabling easy integration of external components into the web application. Finally, SMIL State enables richer expressions for content control. This paper defines SMIL State in terms of an introductory example, followed by a detailed specification of the State model. Next, the implementation of this model is discussed. We conclude with a set of potential use cases, including dynamic content adaptation and delayed insertion of custom content such as advertisements.

Web应用服务器中Web Service引擎的设计与实现

Web Service为程序之间的交互提供了基础,实现了独立于程序设计语言的一致化编程模型,并以通用的方法进行应用程序集成。分析了Web应用服务器实现Web Service的关键需求,阐述了在应用服务器中基于SOAP的Web Service引擎的设计与实现,介绍了实现Web Service引擎的若干关键技术和解决办法。Web Service引擎已在自主研发的OnceAS应用服务器中实现。     

Interactive web environment for collaborative and extensible diagram based learning

Nowadays there is a growing need of ubiquity for learning, research and development tools, due to the portability and availability problems concerning traditional desktop applications. In this paper, we suggest an approach to avoid any further download or installation. The main goal is to offer a collaborative and extensible web environment which will cover a series of domains highly demanded by different kinds of working groups, in which it is crucial to have tools which facilitate the exchange of information and the collaboration among their members. The result of those interactions would be the development of one or several diagrams accessible from any geographical location, independently of the device employed. The environment can be adapted through personalized components, depending on the type of diagram that the user wants to interact with and the users can also create new elements or search and share components with other users of the community. By means of this environment, it will be possible to do research on the usability of collaborative tools for design diagrams, as well as research on the psychology of group interactions, assessing the results coming from the employment of known methodologies, techniques, paradigms or patterns, both at an individual and at a collaborative group level.     

Web缓存服务器技术研究与应用

Web缓存服务器系统正在Internet及局域网上广泛地应用,对它所采用的技术做了较深入的讨论,指出利用Web Cache技术,可减少网络流量,节约资金,提高带宽利用率;同时在Cache服务器端进行内容分析过滤,可提高过滤质量和效率,有效防止有害信息的进一步传播。     

Web服务与目录服务在系统集成中的应用研究

随着企业网上运行的应用服务不断增多,如何把各种不同的服务系统集成起来成为网络应用服务领域所面临的重大问题.目录服务与Web服务的结合为不同应用系统的集成提供了新的解决方案.目录服务能够实现对用户信息和网络资源的统一管理,Web服务能够将众多异构应用系统有机的结合起来,而基于目录的UDDI Web服务注册中心则又实现了目录对Web服务的统一管理.给出了一个利用目录和Web服务解决校园网络应用系统集成的方案.     

基于Jetty的网页防篡改技术的设计和实现

本文提出并实现了架设在符合J2EE标准的Web服务器上的网页防篡改系统,该系统主要采用Java语言开发和实现,能够对目前各种主流操作系统平台上的网页内容进行实时监控,发现网页被篡改时能及时恢复并报警,有效的保护目标网站的安全。     

Dynamic web worker pool management for highly parallel javascript web applications

JavaScript web applications are improving performance mainly thanks to the inclusion of new standards by HTML5. Among others, web workers API allows multithreaded JavaScript web apps to exploit parallel processors. However, developers have difficulties to determine the minimum number of web workers that provide the highest performance. But even if developers found out this optimal number, it is a static value configured at the beginning of the execution. Because users tend to execute other applications in background, the estimated number of web workers could be non‐optimal, because it may overload or underutilize the system. In this paper, we propose a solution for highly parallel web apps to dynamically adapt the number of running web workers to the actual available resources, avoiding the hassle to estimate a static optimal number of threads. The solution consists in the inclusion of a web worker pool and a simple management algorithm in the web app. Even though there are co‐running applications, the results show our approach dynamically enables a number of web workers close to the optimal. Our proposal, which is independent of the web browser, overcomes the lack of knowledge of the underlying processor architecture as well as dynamic resources availability changes. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Exploring extraneous cognitive load in an instructional process via the web conferencing system

This study, based on an online instruction via the web conferencing system, explores extraneous cognitive load and its influence on the learning process. Sixty-two sophomore students who enrolled in an online introductory programming course participated in the study. An observation form was used to analyse the course records in video format. Interviews with selected participants were conducted in order to clarify the students’ behaviours during the instructional process. The results indicated that the extraneous cognitive load elements (coherence, redundancy, modality, signalling, and temporal-spatial contiguity) influenced the instructional process. The results suggested that, in web conferencing systems extraneous cognitive load appeared not only from design features of multimedia materials but also the delivery settings. Future work is needed to put forward the influences of the load elements caused in various platforms. The implications and suggestions for instructors who plan to design and teach online courses via web conferencing were also provided.     

Tunneling enhanced by web page content block partition for focused crawling

The complexity of web information environments and multiple‐topic web pages are negative factors significantly affecting the performance of focused crawling. A highly relevant region in a web page may be obscured because of low overall relevance of that page. Segmenting the web pages into smaller units will significantly improve the performance. Conquering and traversing irrelevant page to reach a relevant one (tunneling) can improve the effectiveness of focused crawling by expanding its reach. This paper presents a heuristic‐based method to enhance focused crawling performance. The method uses a Document Object Model (DOM)‐based page partition algorithm to segment a web page into content blocks with a hierarchical structure and investigates how to take advantage of block‐level evidence to enhance focused crawling by tunneling. Page segmentation can transform an uninteresting multi‐topic web page into several single topic context blocks and some of which may be interesting. Accordingly, focused crawler can pursue the interesting content blocks to retrieve the relevant pages. Experimental results indicate that this approach outperforms Breadth‐First, Best‐First and Link‐context algorithm both in harvest rate, target recall and target length. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

一种基于语义Web环境的电子商务模型

语义Web不仅能为人类用户而且能为软件Agent提供从语法层次到语义层次上的互操作性。语义Web与Web-Services有很强的互补性,现有的技术条件使二者的统一成为一种可能,这给电子商务的发展带来了一次历史性的革命机遇。给出了语义Web环境下结合Web Services关键技术和智能主体技术的一种极具潜能的电子商务实现模型。