基于Android平台的增强现实算法

为了获得更加理想的增强现实效果,提出一种基于利用 Android 平台的增强现实算法。首先采用 FAST算法确定两幅图像中的特征角点,并采用SURF生成特征点描述符,然后采用快速近似邻近点搜索进行图像匹配,最后在Android平台上实现算法,并采用仿真实验测试算法的性能。仿真结果表明,本文算法结合Android的优点,可以较好的满足增强现实的实时性的要求,而且具有较好的鲁棒性,克服了传统增强现实技术的局限性。     

基于Android移动设备的增强现实技术研究

针对移动设备弱处理能力和低内存等局限性,导致增强现实技术不能在移动设备上普及,提出一种新的增强现实技术方案。采用SURF算法提取视频帧图像的特征点,接着使用FREAK算法进行特征点描述;在汉明距离强制匹配之后,采用改进的RANSAC算法剔除了误匹配点,然后通过计算比较匹配特征点占样本图像特征点的比重,判断是否成功匹配目标物体;最后渲染对应的三维模型完成增强现实三维注册。通过在Android移动设备上的验证,结果表明该技术方案满足移动设备对实时性、准确性和鲁棒性的要求,为移动增强现实的推广奠定了良好的基础。     

增强现实三维注册中标识点匹配算法研究与改进

基于标识点的增强现实系统中,计算机生成的虚拟物体需要正确地注册到相应的标识点上构成对现实环境的增强.针对增强现实三维注册过程中传统算法标识点匹配过程中误识率较高,匹配不够精确的不足,提出了将相对误差法进行改进实现增强现实中的三维注册,同时提出了将基于颜色直方图的图像匹配原理引入增强现实的三维注册过程中,通过实验验证与分析,改进后的匹配算法与传统算法相比减少了标识的误识率,提高了注册精度,已成功应用于增强现实系统的三维注册过程中.     

基于ORB和KLT的移动增强现实三维注册算法

针对移动设备上现有注册算法速度较慢和实时性较弱的问题,提出一种基于ORB和KLT的移动增强现实三维注册算法,利用ORB进行特征提取和匹配,减少算法时间开销,同时使用改进的KLT算法对特征位置进行预测跟踪,改善移动三维注册算法中的实时性能。实验结果表明,在移动设备上采用ORB和KLT算法,不仅较好地解决移动增强现实三维注册实时性差的问题,同时也能保证有效的匹配性能。     

基于KCF与改进ORB的增强现实方法

针对增强现实(AR)系统在进行虚拟信息叠加时待注册区域被遮挡的情况,提出一种基于实时特征检测与目标跟踪的AR系统三维注册方法。使用KCF算法对待注册目标区域与模板进行实时FAST特征匹配,通过改进ORB算法,提出SIFT-ORB-MRANSAC融合算法,完成特征点的提取、匹配以及误匹配去除。在此基础上,根据特征点之间的匹配关系计算注册矩阵,通过注册矩阵叠加虚拟信息实现对现实世界的增强。实验结果表明,该方法在光照变化、遮挡以及旋转变换的情况下,可将虚拟信息快速、准确地叠加到待注册区域,提高AR系统的运算效率。     

基于点云匹配的AR饰面作业系统跟踪注册方法

针对建筑机器人饰面作业过程中常因视觉遮挡导致作业效率低的问题,使用增强现实解决遮挡并提出一种基于点云匹配的增强现实跟踪注册方法。利用目标模型点云与作业环境点云的匹配进行目标的初始定位;利用改进的相关滤波跟踪算法对目标进行跟踪获取目标位置;基于迭代最近点法对目标位姿进行估计。在跟踪注册过程中加入位姿优化,保证目标位姿估计精度。为了更加准确地跟踪目标位置,提出一种特征融合和尺度自适应的改进相关滤波目标跟踪算法。通过板材安装实验,表明跟踪注册方法精确性、实时性均较好,最小识别误差达到2.88 mm,具有良好的虚实融合效果。     

基于环境映照自动对齐的高质量虚实融合技术

要实现高品质的增强现实效果需要解决虚拟物体与现实场景的光照一致性问题.虽然采用HDR技术能获取场景的环境映照,但需要解决所获取的光照环境信息与真实场景的对齐问题.为此提出一种基于特征自动匹配的环境映照对齐方法.首先采用Affine-SIFT算法和随机抽样一致性算法对环境映照和拍摄场景进行特征匹配并优化匹配结果,然后利用基于运动推断结构的摄像机定标算法求得匹配对的三维位置,从而计算出环境映照与真实场景的对应关系,实现了二者的自动对齐.基于该技术搭建的高真实感实时虚实融合系统采用基于关键帧的相机跟踪技术,可以实时地将虚拟物体注册到拍摄的视频场景里,并允许对其进行实时的交互编辑.在渲染时有效地利用了自动对齐后的光照环境信息,采用重要性采样算法和阴影映射技术实现了实时的高质量渲染.实验结果表明,所搭建的增强现实系统很好地解决了实时虚实融合中的几何一致性和光照一致性问题.     

基于SURF与光流法的增强现实跟踪注册

提出一种基于SURF与光流法相结合的增强现实局部跟踪注册方法。采用光流法对移动对象区域进行跟踪,利用SURF算法仿射、尺度不变性及运算速度快的优点对该区域进行特征提取与匹配,利用相邻帧之间特征点的匹配关系求得三维注册矩阵,在保持注册精确性的同时降低了系统运算时间。实验结果表明该方法达到了实时跟踪与准确注册的效果,并且在环境变化时保持了较好的鲁棒性。     

基于改进SURF的增强现实图像匹配方法

针对传统增强现实图像匹配算法鲁棒性不强且效率不高的问题,提出一种改进的SURF匹配算法。首先,使用SURF算法进行特征点检测,并通过Haar小波模板确定特征主方向,在得到特征主方向后构建特征描述符;由于传统SURF算法采用高达64维的矩形描述符,导致算法的计算量非常大,并且鲁棒性不强。因此,该文使用DAISY圆形描述符替代原始算法中的矩形描述符,DAISY是三层同心圆结构,每层包含8个采样点,可以得到25个维度的描述符,这种结构使得算法的鲁棒性大大增强并且降低了计算复杂度;接着,使用特征描述符计算欧氏距离进行特征点匹配;最后,对得到的匹配点集使用随机抽样一致(RANSAC)与三角不规则网络(TIN)算法进行优化,剔除误匹配点。实验结果表明,该算法虽然略微增加了时间复杂度,但鲁棒性变得更强,并且算法的效率和匹配精度也大大提高,平均精度达到了95%以上。     

增强现实中的视频对象跟踪算法

根据增强现实在视频对象跟踪中的应用需求,提出一种综合利用尺度不变特征变换(SIFT)算子、K聚类算法和轮廓检测的视频对象跟踪算法。该算法利用简易SIFT获得输入图像的特征点,通过K聚类算法获得可能的对象聚类,并采用改进的轮廓处理方法得到对象边界,移除孤立点,确定对象特征点,在对象特征点中获取增强现实应用中需要的注册点。在关键帧匹配中,只要使用对象特征点进行对象匹配。实验结果表明,该算法具有运行速度快、匹配正确率高的特点,能满足增强现实视频应用的注册需求。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate