极低频磁场天线运动感应噪声研究

通过对极低频拖曳磁场天线运动感应噪声产生原理的研究,得出了潜艇磁场天线的运动感应噪声功率谱的表达式,探讨了减小运动感应噪声的方法,并与实验测得的噪声电压进行比较证实上述理论。     

超低频拖曳磁场天线磁致伸缩噪声分析

研究了海水中超低频拖曳磁场接收天线机械振动在地磁场中产生磁致伸缩噪声的机理,导出了计算磁场拖曳天线磁致伸缩噪声功率谱的理论公式,分析了天线灵敏度、电缆特性、地磁场等因素对磁致伸缩噪声的影响,并总结了降低磁场天线磁致伸缩噪声的四种有效方法.     

基于罚函数算法的感应式磁力仪优化设计

低等效磁场噪声、轻小型感应式磁力仪是空间、深地磁测等应用的必然要求。本文提出了一种在感应式磁力仪参数及等效磁场噪声、轻小化约束下，求解最优感应线圈匝数、线径参数配置的方法。文中首先建立了感应式磁力仪等效磁场噪声、重量指标数学模型，然后基于罚函数算法求解其数值解，从而得到感应线圈匝数、线径参数最优值。为验证理论分析结果，根据优化参数制作感应式磁力仪并进行指标测试，测试结果与理论设计相吻合，验证了基于罚函数算法求解感应式磁力仪最优参数的准确性。     

自制业余电台定向谐振天线

用于业余无线电的接收——发射天线,较多地采用大型的双极天线,其效果好。但架设天线占地大且不能随意移动。鞭状天线简单、轻便,但接收效果不好。单方面加长天线,尽管可以增大接收信号电平,但噪声同时也增大,因此,信噪比并未得到明显改善。众所周知,通常接收到的业余电台信号场强只有短波广播电台的千分之一甚至更弱。有时反而因加长天线感应了较多的噪波而淹没了有用的业余电台信号。用定向的     

125kHz赛鸽电子脚环感应踏板设计

使用交替扫描方式,以微控制器ATMEGA64为核心控制电子脚环感应踏板接收电路,实现了6格感应踏板错时接收电子脚环信息的设计方案。系统采用6片专用集成电路芯片HTRC11O驱动天线线圈产生磁场,利用HTRC110的接收通道接收电子脚环发射的编码信号。该编码信号经AT-MEGA64解码后得到电子脚环识别信息,识别信息最后通过串口输出到鸽钟。     

激励磁场对逆磁致伸缩索力传感器影响仿真

基于钢缆索索力传感理论模型和环式结构的索力传感器,对索力测量原理做了详细推导,传感器输出感应电压与激励磁场变化、加载外力变化、某一激励磁场下的材料磁导率及空气间隙尺寸等有关.重点分析了激励磁场变化对传感器输出的影响,分别在激励磁场为稳恒直流磁场、交流磁场、按矩形波规律变化磁场三种情况下对传感器输出进行了讨论和仿真分析.仿真结果表明,在稳恒磁场激励下,可通过感应积分电压求缓变外力,通过感应电压求得非缓变外力.在交流激励下.激励磁场频率对传感器输出有明显影响,频率越高,由激励磁场变化所引起的感应电压幅值越大.     

低噪声宽频带感应式磁传感器

感应式磁传感器是频率域电磁（FEM）法中使用最广泛的磁传感器,通常由感应线圈和前置放大器组成,其中前置放大电路是影响磁感应式磁传感器性能指标的核心因素。为了增加感应式磁传感器探测深度和微弱磁场信号的能力,要求前置放大电路具有宽频带、低噪声等性能。基于磁通负反馈的原理,设计并研制了斩波前置放大器,有效抑制了感应线圈的输出噪声,使感应线圈谐振频率两侧具有平坦的幅频特性曲线,拓宽了感应式传感器的响应频带。在屏蔽室内对感应式磁传感器的性能指标进行了测试,其频带范围为0.001Hz～10kHz,输入噪声为3.75nVHz（1/2）,为感应式磁传感器在实际中的应用提供了性能保障。     

多线圈磁电感应的逆压电式FBG磁场传感器

将光纤Bragg光栅(FBG)的传感检测技术、直流发电机内部结构的磁电感应原理及压电陶瓷的逆压电效应相结合,研制了一种多线圈磁电感应的逆压电式FBG磁场传感器.设计中采用多线圈磁电感应,输出电流的变化变小,测量均匀磁场的多线圈磁电感应的逆压电式FBG传感器的灵敏度和准确率都能显著提高.对设计的磁场传感器进行了正反行程的重复性测试,并进行对比分析.测试结果表明:该磁场传感器的灵敏度为0.1128 pm/Gs,迟滞为6.61％FS,重复性误差为6.29 ％FS.     

具有感应反馈环的超高频RFID标签天线设计

针对标签天线在RFID系统中的重要性,基于微带天线设计和电磁场散射理论,设计和分析了一种具有感应反馈环的超高频段RFID标签天线。天线的谐振频率为915 MHz,尺寸为78 mm×23 mm,天线显示近线性相位特性,在电压驻波比小于2的条件下,天线的阻抗带宽为100 MHz。可以通过调整感应反馈环的长度来调整天线的谐振频率,天线的增益为2.5 dBi左右。通过仿真和测量可知,这种天线能较好地满足RFID超高频段标签的要求。     

基于模糊卡尔曼滤波的四旋翼姿态估计方法

针对四旋翼在飞行中因运动加速度及磁场干扰等影响引起的姿态估计误差，提出一种基于动态估计的模糊扩展卡尔曼滤波姿态估计算法。该算法利用传感器数据对运动频率、运动加速度及磁场干扰的大小进行估计，对估计值模糊推理后，使用输出值调整卡尔曼滤波测量噪声方差和梯度下降步长，增加姿态估计算法的动态适应性。为验证所设计算法的估计效果，使用四旋翼仿真模型进行验证。实验结果表明，该算法能够有效地提高四旋翼在高机动、强干扰情况下姿态估计的姿态跟踪精度、动态性能、抗干扰能力。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate