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针对纱筒上下料对人力过度依赖的问题,在研究仿生学手指基础上,构建面向智能制造的纱筒抓取仿生机械手。首先,采取模块化设计思想,设计适合纱筒抓取的仿生机械手结构模型,并选择绳索传动作为驱动方式;其次,详细分析仿生机械手的组成及其抓取原理,运用D-H坐标法,实现机械手指坐标系和手指基座坐标系之间变换,推导机械手末端位置方程,得到最优抓取姿态;最后,利用有限元软件,建立三维欠驱动仿生机械手模型并对其进行虚拟装配与运动仿真分析,以验证机械手抓取纱筒的可行性和稳定性,形成机器人智能抓取仿生机械手的关键技术。 相似文献
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仿生机器人的研究状况及其未来发展 总被引:15,自引:1,他引:14
随着机器人研究领域从结构环境向非结构环境的扩展,仿生学对它的影响也日益显
著.本文提出了目前仿生机器人研究的两个主要方向,即:运动机理的研究和行为方式的研
究.探讨了这两个研究方向目前的研究状况,并对其未来的发展趋势作了预测. 相似文献
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基于柔性长鳍波动推进的仿生水下机器人设计与实现 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以基于柔性长鳍波动推进的仿生水下机器人试验模型为背景,主要研究其设计与实现问题.首先,介绍了仿生水下机器人试验模型的设计原则及其系统总体结构,然后重点研究了仿生柔性长鳍、主控模块与通讯系统、运动控制子系统的设计方法、系统构成和工作原理,最后介绍了试验模型的系统测试与航行试验结果及其结论,并指出了仿生水下机器人试验模型的改进重点和柔性长鳍波动推进技术今后的研究方向.基于柔性长鳍波动推进的仿生水下机器人试验模型的研制成功,初步验证了柔性长鳍波动推进方式应用于水下机器人推进控制系统在原理上和技术上是可行的. 相似文献
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作为机器人在工厂、家居等环境中最常用的基础动作,机器人自主抓取有着广泛的应用前景,近十年来研究人员对其给予了较高的关注,然而,在非结构环境下任意物体任意姿态的准确抓取仍然是一项具有挑战性和复杂性的研究.机器人抓取涉及3个主要方面:检测、规划和控制.作为第1步,检测物体并生成抓取位姿是成功抓取的前提,有助于后续抓取路径的规划和整个抓取动作的实现.鉴于此,以检测为主进行文献综述,从分析法和经验法两大方面介绍抓取检测技术,从是否具有抓取物体先验知识的角度出发,将经验法分成已知物体和未知物体的抓取,并详细描述未知物体抓取中每种分类所包含的典型抓取检测方法及其相关特点.最后展望机器人抓取检测技术的发展方向,为相关研究提供一定的参考. 相似文献
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星面探测仿生弹跳机器人设计、仿真及实验 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
基于袋鼠的跳跃运动机理和齿轮—五杆组合机构,设计了一种用于星面探测的小型间歇式弹跳机器
人.提出了仿袋鼠结构、运动形态及产生非线性弹跳动力的闭链机构的弹跳模型.采用D-H 法建立了机器人运动方
程,并对其跳跃运动步态、仿生运动特性和弹跳效率进行了分析,给出了该机器人设计的整体结构.运用ADAMS
软件对机器人进行动力学建模与全过程运动仿真,验证了该闭链仿生弹跳机构及其运动的有效性,较大幅度提高了
弹跳机构对能量的利用率,其效率可达70%,避免了弹跳机器人提前起跳.最后设计制作了弹跳机器人原理样机,
并进行跳跃试验.试验结果表明:样机试验与仿真结果基本是一致的;1.4 kg 的弹跳机器人跳远度为813 mm,跳高
度为471 mm,从而解决了利用微小电机驱动机器人实现弹跳运动的问题. 相似文献
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针对机械化、重复化零件抓取问题,并且以降低研发成本为指向,该研究在充分分析机器人的结构和工作流程的基础上,增加了末端执行器,设计了一款基于ROS的抓取机器人控制系统.通过在rviz界面上操作实现对于抓取机器人的控制和实时监控.并根据抓取工作的需要和流程,完成机器人的控制系统流程设计与控制系统编程;后续的仿真实验和实物控制实验结果表明,搭建的抓取机器人的控制系统具有较高的鲁棒性和实时性.该控制系统能够满足机械化、重复化零件抓取任务,能够有效提高企业的生产效率,提高企业竞争力,降低企业成本. 相似文献
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机器人多指手抓取中的规划问题 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
在机器人抓取系统中,一般认为需要4种规划器:即策略规划器,触觉规划器,轨迹规划抓取规划器,抓取规划器对成功抓取来说是非常重要的,在抓取规划器中,视觉模块用来把图象变换成物体的描述,接着用抓取模式选择模块把物体的描述换成一系列的控制信号,本文从最优抓取规划和基于专家系统的抓取规划这两个方面,着重从基于专家系统的抓取规划方面对当前机器人多指手抓取规划的研究现状及主要问题进行了深入地剖析。 相似文献
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Dirk Osswald Jan Martin Catherina Burghart Ralf Mikut Heinz Wrn Georg Bretthauer 《Robotics and Autonomous Systems》2004,48(4):33-221
This article presents the approaches taken to integrate a novel anthropomorphic robot hand into a humanoid robot. The requisites enabling such a robot hand to use everyday objects in an environment built for humans are presented. Starting from a design that resembles the human hand regarding size and movability of the mechatronical system, a low-level control system is shown providing reliable and stable controllers for single joint angles and torques, entire fingers and several coordinated fingers. Further on, the high-level control system connecting the low-level control system with the rest of the humanoid robot is presented. It provides grasp skills to the superior robot control system, coordinates movements of hand and arm and determines grasp patterns, depending on the object to grasp and the task to execute. Finally some preliminary results of the system, which is currently tested in simulations, will be presented. 相似文献
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Grasp capability analysis of multifingered robot hands 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Caihua Xiong Youfu Li Youlun Xiong Han Ding Qingshi Huang 《Robotics and Autonomous Systems》1999,27(4):211-224
This paper addresses the problem of grasp capability analysis of multifingered robot hands. The aim of the grasp capability analysis is to find the maximum external wrench that the multifingered robot hands can withstand, which is an important criterion in the evaluation of robotic systems. The study of grasp capability provides a basis for the task planning of force control of multifingered robot hands. For a given multifingered hand geometry, the grasp capability depends on the joint driving torque limits, grasp configuration, contact model and so on. A systematic method of the grasp capability analysis, which is in fact a constrained optimization algorithm, is presented. In this optimization, the optimality criterion is the maximum external wrench, and the constraints include the equality constraints and the inequality constraints. The equality constraints are for the grasp to balance the given external wrench, and the inequality constraints are to prevent the slippage of fingertips, the overload of joint actuators, the excessive forces over the physical limits of the object, etc. The advantages of this method are the ability to accomodate diverse areas such as multiple robot arms, intelligent fixtures and so on. The effectiveness of the proposed method is confirmed with a numerical example of a trifingered grasp. 相似文献
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M. Rolf K. Neumann J.F. Queißer R.F. Reinhart A. Nordmann J.J. Steil 《Advanced Robotics》2015,29(13):847-859
The bionic handling assistant is one of the largest soft continuum robots and very special in being a pneumatically operated platform that is able to bend, stretch, and grasp in all directions. It nevertheless shares many challenges with smaller continuum and other soft robots such as parallel actuation, complex movement dynamics, slow pneumatic actuation, non-stationary behavior, and a lack of analytic models. To master the control of this challenging robot, we argue for a tight integration of standard analytic tools, simulation, control, and state-of-the-art machine learning into an overall architecture that can serve as blueprint for control design also beyond the BHA. To this aim, we show how to integrate specific modes of operation and different levels of control in a synergistic manner, which is enabled by using modern paradigms of software architecture and middleware. We thereby achieve an architecture with unique overall control abilities for a soft continuum robot that allow for flexible experimentation toward compliant user-interaction, grasping, and online learning of internal models. 相似文献
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针对机器人领域应用视觉进行目标物体抓取问题,提出了一种针对多目标背景下,新的深度优化处理方法.通过设定一个阈值块,以遍历成块的深度信息用类似聚类的方法,提出目标物体的具体坐标,传递给机器人手臂,完成准确的抓取操作.依次介绍了双目视觉原理、摄像机标定、双目矫正和双目匹配等内容,以及呈现出原始的深度信息图以及优化后的深度信息图,比较它们的差距.最后在实验中给出了证明:此种深度信息优化方法能够有效的提高机器人抓取目标物体的成功率.最后,还在文章最后给出了下一步的研究方向. 相似文献
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Anne-Dominique Jutard-Malinge Guy Bessonnet 《Journal of Intelligent and Robotic Systems》2000,29(3):233-255
The following study deals with motion optimization of robot arms having to transfer mobile objects grasped when moving. This approach is aimed at performing repetitive transfer tasks at a rapid rate without interrupting the dynamics of both the manipulator and the moving object. The junction location of the robot gripper with the object, together with grasp conditions, are partly defined by a set of local constraints. Thus, optimizing the robot motion in the approach phase of the transfer task leads to the statement of an optimal junction problem between the robot and the moving object. This optimal control problem is characterized by constrained final state and unknown traveling time. In such a case, Pontryagin"s maximum principle is a powerful mathematical tool for solving this optimization problem. Three simulated results of removing a mobile object on a conveyor belt are presented; the object is grasped in motion by a planar three-link manipulator. 相似文献
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针对单段及多段连续体机器人运动学问题,提出分段常曲率与粒子群算法相结合的完整正逆运动学分析方法.以双段丝驱动连续体机器人为研究对象,首先设计含平移段的机器人样机;然后利用分段常曲率方法建立驱动空间与关节空间的相互映射,根据齐次变换得到关节空间至工作空间的正映射关系;最后利用线性递减权重粒子群算法实现工作空间至关节空间的逆映射.对双段连续体机器人的运动学进行仿真及逆运动学求解耗时测试,并在研制样机上进行了实验验证.仿真结果说明了所提运动学研究方法的合理性及逆运动学求解的快速性,实验结果显示位置平均误差小于双段连续体机器人本体长度的6.22%,验证了所提运动学的有效性. 相似文献
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In this paper, we develop a soft climbing robot made of silicone. Octopus-like behaviour is realized by a simple mechanism utilizing the dynamics of the soft body, and the robot can grasp various objects of unknown shape. In addition, by inching its truck, it can climb various columnar objects. Experiments, using pipes, long balloons, and natural trees, are conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed robot. 相似文献