金(Au)/钯(Pd)复合膜表面等离子共振氢敏传感器基因优化

提出了一种新颖的基于波长调制的Au/Pd复合膜SPR氢敏传感器结构,采用遗传基因算法对Au/Pd复合膜氢敏传感器的灵敏度进行了数值计算和优化,优化结果表明:Au(2 nm)/Pd(27 nm)结构的复合膜氢敏传感器可获得最佳的灵敏度,与通常使用的单一纯Pd(20 nm)膜氢敏传感器相比,不仅氢敏传感器的敏感膜的稳定性得到改善,而且灵敏度也提高了近3倍.     

纳米钯基氢传感材料

介绍了纳米Pd基氢传感材料的研究进展.根据传感材料和结构的不同,对Pd/Pd合金膜,Pd/Pd合金纳米线状结构氢传感器的制备和传感性能进行了总结,介绍了Pd-碳管氢传感器的研究成果.使读者较为全面地了解纳米Pd基氢传感材料的现状与研究动向.     

Pd掺杂ZnO纳米线的乙醇气敏特性研究

研究以贵金属Pd作为掺杂剂的ZnO纳米线敏感元件的乙醇气敏性能。采用水热法在叉指电极上直接制备出具有c轴取向的ZnO多晶纳米线。用SEM,XRD和EDS分析手段观测了材料的微观结构,并对其乙醇气敏性能进行了测试。实验结果表明:对于体积分数为200×10-6的乙醇气体,Pd掺杂的ZnO纳米线在灵敏度(8.17)、工作温度(325℃)和响应恢复时间(15,8s)上优于纯的ZnO纳米线。最后,对Pd掺杂的气敏机理进行了讨论。     

1993年嗅敏文献(摘译自美国工程索引)

载论文125篇,包括气敏、电极材料 安培敏、生物敏、湿敏、氧敏、触媒气敏、SAW器、蒸所检测器、化学检测用表面胞质团共振、压电、电化学敏、嗅敏系统、电位敏、氨敏、臭氧敏、光纤传感器、毒敏、离子     

Pd掺杂的SnO2甲烷传感器气敏性能的研究

本文研究了Pd掺杂的SnO2材料对于甲烷气体的敏感特性。首先从机理上说明掺杂Pd金属的原因;然后,采用简单的混合研磨工艺制备了Pd掺杂SnO2复合材料;其次,采用刷涂工艺在加热型平板电极上制备了气敏层。研究了所制备的Pd掺杂SnO2气体传感器在不同温度对甲烷气体的敏感特性。结果表明,Pd掺杂在提高SnO2的气敏性能的同时还能降低其工作温度;其中,2 wt%Pd掺杂SnO2的传感器气敏性能最优,在最佳工作温度(200°C)下对500 ppm甲烷的气敏响应可达3.43,灵敏度提升了45.67倍(50–1000 ppm)。     

新型抗腐蚀结构声表面波湿度传感器的研究

为解决声表面波(SAW)湿度传感器存在易被污染、不易清洁、稳定性差等问题,提出了一种新的基于改进的单端口SAW谐振器结构用于湿度检测。在此结构中,在ITO材料制作的叉指换能器和反射阵上溅射厚度为5pm Si3N4层以屏蔽各种腐蚀性物质如酸性、碱性等腐蚀性气体对SAW谐振器电极的侵蚀。相比常规谐振器,新结构加大了谐振器叉指换能器与一个反射阵之间距用于涂敷湿敏材料,同时在石英基片背面布设ITO材料脱湿电路。给出了基于此类结构SAW湿度传感器的制作工艺、感湿实验测试结果。实验验证了该结构SAW湿度传感器的可清洁性、耐腐蚀性及该结构的有效性。     

导波光学氢敏传感器研究进展􀀂

为了了解光学氢敏传感器研究与现状,我们介绍了导波光学氢敏传感器的主要应用场合和氢敏感膜的结构与镀膜工艺,对有代表性的光纤微透镜型、表面等离子共振光纤型、光纤倏逝波场型、光纤光栅和集成波导型氢敏传感器的结构及性能做了详细的分析,并对导波光学氢敏传感器的未来发展做了展望.     

声表面波阵列传感器研究进展

声表面波(SAW)阵列传感器具有许多独特的优点,目前已成为检测化学毒剂的重要手段之一:近年来,随着以SAW阵列传感器为主要技术的电子鼻的发展,使得SAW阵列传感器在食品检测、环境治理等领域得到了广泛应用.对SAW阵列传感器的发展及其应用进行了综述.     

基于多壁纳米碳管的传感器对甲苯的气敏性研究

传感器的基底为Al2O3,上面真空溅射了叉指金电极,在电极之间涂布微量多壁纳米碳管悬浊液,干燥后作为气敏膜.室温下测试电极暴露于甲苯气体前后的电阻变化,发现吸附了甲苯后电极的导电能力下降,且下降的幅度与被测甲苯浓度有良好的线性关系.该实验结果预示着多壁纳米碳管是一种良好的室温下检测甲苯的敏感材料.对该气敏响应的产生机理本文进行了一些初步的探讨.     

基于铂纳米线阵列的葡萄糖生物传感器

用电沉积法在聚碳酸酯膜板中制备了铂纳米线阵列,纳米线直径约为250 nm,长度约为2 μm.SEM表征表明,铂纳米线阵列具有均匀有序的结构,纳米线密度为5×108 cm-2.将纳米线阵列薄膜固定到电极表面,研究了修饰电极的电化学行为.在较低电位下(-0.1 V),修饰电极对过氧化氢具有良好的电催化性能,并有较宽的线性响应范围(1×10-7～5×10-2 mol/L).通过戊二醛在电极表面固定葡萄糖氧化酶制备了一种新的葡萄糖传感器.该传感器对葡萄糖的线性响应范围为5×10-6～2×10-3 mol/L,检测下限为1 μmol/L.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.     

Editorial: Special issue on recent advances in hybrid control theory and applications

正The demands of a rapidly advancing technology for faster and more accurate controllers have always had a strong influence on the progress of automatic control theory.In recent years control problems have been arising with increasing frequency in widely different areas,which cannot be addressed using conventional control techniques.The principal reason for this is the fact that a highly competitive economy is forcing systems to operate in regimes where     

Information for Authors

正Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)areedited by the international board of distinguished Chinese andforeign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest devel-opments and achievements in scientific research in China andoverseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulateand promote academic exchange between Chinese and for-eign scientists everywhere.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.