基于FPGA和LabVIEW的任意波形发生器设计

介绍了一种基于PC机、单片机、FPGA和数字频率合成技术(DDS)的任意波信号发生器的设计方法;其中基于FPGA的DDS模块电路采用Verilog HDL语言和原理图相结合的方式设计,上位机的信号源面板以及波形编辑生成系统则基于LabVIEW图形化语言设计;基于FPGA的任意波形发生器,可以在不改变硬件平台的情况下,随时对信号源系统进行重构或升级,使得应用非常灵活和方便;特别是可以通过USB2.0接口和PC机连接,使得任意波的产生更加方便和快捷;实验结果表明整个设计可以产生0.01Hz~10MHz的任意波及正弦波、方波、三角波等常规的函数信号。     

基于FPGA和LabVIEW的信号源设计

基于FPGA运用了DDS技术实现信号源的硬件设计和LabVIEW图形编程工具实现信号源的交互界面,完成了一个基于虚拟仪器平台的信号源设计。它可以产生峰峰值从0.1V到8.5V可调,频率从0.005Hz到2MHz可调的正弦波、三角波、方波三种波形产生数字波形。     

基于FPGA的多波形信号发生器设计

本文介绍了DDS的基本原理,详细介绍了一种基于FPGA的任意波形信号发生器的实现方案,设计出了一款可以同时产生了方波,三角波,正弦波和锯齿波的高精度的信号发生器。     

基于LabVIEW和FPGA的模拟信号源设计

介绍了一种基于PC 机、FPGA 和数字频率合成技术（DDS）的隔离型任意波信号发生器的设计方法;利用LabVIEW 虚拟仪器设计上位机软件控制平台,利用基于FPGA 的DDS 技术实现下位机硬件设计,通过局域网将软硬件平台连接起来构成具有64路有独立地线系统的模拟信号源,输出频率（DC）达8 kHz,幅度0～70 V。     

基于FPGA和LabVIEW的信号源设计

基于FPGA运用了DDS技术实现信号源的硬件设计和LabVIEW图形编程工具实现信号源的交互界面,完成了一个基于虚拟仪器平台的信号源设计。它可以产生峰峰值从0．1V到8．5V可调,频率从0．005Hz到2MHz可调的正弦波、三角波、方波三种波形产生数字波形。     

一种DDS任意波形发生器的ROM优化方法

提出了一种改进的基于直接频率合成技术(DDS)的任意波形发生器在现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)上的实现方法。首先将三角波、正弦波、方波和升/降锯齿波的波形数据写入片外存储器,当调用时再将相应的数据移入FPGA的片上RAM,取代分区块的将所有类型波形数据同时存储在片上RAM中的传统方法;再利用正弦波和三角波的波形在4个象限的对称性以及锯齿波的线性特性,通过硬件反相器对波形数据和寻址地址值进行处理,实现了以1/4的数据量还原出精度不变的模拟信号,从而将整体的存储量减小为原始设计方案的5%。经验证,这种改进方法正确可行,能够大大降低开发成本。     

利用SOPC实现DDFS技术的超低频函数信号发生器

为了设计高分辨率、频率切换相位连续、频率覆盖系数达到106的超低频函数信号发生器,提出了直接数字频率合成DDFS技术,可以合成频率可控的任意波形;以SOPC实现系统设计,利用FPGA实现数字逻辑功能,在LPM_ROM中放入波形数据表,用NIOSII嵌入式软核微处理器实现波形选择、数据处理,输出正弦波、方波、三角波、锯齿波并显示其频率、幅度和相位;测试表明,系统稳定,具有输出波形任意化、低频范围宽和频率精度高的特点。     

FPGA实现任意波形发生器

为研究可控频率且稳定的简单波形信号,介绍了一种利用现场可编程门阵列（FPGA）实现基于直接数字频率合成（DDS）技术的任意波形发生器（AWG）。以SEED-XDTKFPGA实验箱为系统平台,搭建任意波形发生器系统,用硬件描述语言（VerilogHDL）编程实现DDS部分。通过在ModelSim环境下仿真,得到正弦波、锯齿波和方波波形,在数字示波器上得到频率为1．5625MHz正弦波形,在信号处理中具有更好的实用价值。     

基于LabVIEW9.0的虚拟信号发生器的设计

文中简要地介绍了虚拟仪器和LabVIEW的概念及特点,并应用虚拟仪器技术LabVIEW9.0软件开发平台的设计特点结合常规信号发生器的功能设计实现了一虚拟信号发生器。此次设计的虚拟信号发生器的设计结果不仅可以输出正弦波、三角波、方波和锯齿波等基本函数波形,还可以利用公式选择输出公式波形,及通过选择噪声类型输出多种噪声波形。该虚拟信号发生器界面友好,通过操作前面板上的按钮,就可以执行完成相应的信号处理要求,输出相应的波形信息。此系统操作简便,适用于教学、科研等领域。     

一种基于虚拟仪器技术的任意波形发生器

结合虚拟仪器技术,设计了一个基于FPGA的DDS信号源。通过基于FPGA的下位机和LabVIEW的上位机配合,使之能够输出几种固定波形和任意波形。     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。