一种新型的企业应用集成解决方案

传统的EAI解决方案不能够方便快捷地实现异构系统企业应用集成。为了满足现代企业信息日益的分布性、自治性和异构性,构建完全分布的工作流管理系统也是要亟待解决的问题。WebServices作为一种面向服务的体系架构,其突出优点是实现了真正意义上的平台独立性和语言独立性。基于此,提出了一种集成解决方案,能够实现企业内部、跨互联网的企业间异构系统的松耦合集成,并为构建分布式工作流管理系统提供了良好基础,最后分析了该方案的优点和性能。     

一种新型的企业应用集成解决方案

传统的EAI解决方案不能够方便快捷地实现异构系统企业应用集成.为了满足现代企业信息日益的分布性、自治性和异构性,构建完全分布的工作流管理系统也是要亟待解决的问题.Web Services作为一种面向服务的体系架构,其突出优点是实现了真正意义上的平台独立性和语言独立性.基于此,提出了一种集成解决方案,能够实现企业内部、跨互联网的企业间异构系统的松耦合集成,并为构建分布式工作流管理系统提供了良好基础,最后分析了该方案的优点和性能.     

基于工作流技术的构件模型研究*

为了解决构件业务流程建模能力不足的问题,提出了一种基于工作流技术的构件模型——工作流构件模型。首先分析了工作流过程定义的组成和流程控制方法,识别出可用于构件业务流程建模的工作流元素;然后根据构件的独立性、封装性和组装性需求,选取工作流元素设计实现了工作流构件模型,并给出了应用实例。与传统的构件模型相比,工作流构件模型提高了业务流程构件的灵活性,丰富了业务流程构件的组装形式,降低了业务流程构件的复杂度,从而提高了构件的业务流程建模能力。     

分布工作流过程模型及其实现

为构建跨组织分布工作流管理系统,满足现代企业信息分布性、自治性和异构性的要求,提出一种分布的工作流过程模型,基于该模型采用Web Services和JMX技术,构造一个原型系统——CODWfMS,能够实现跨组织同步、异步调用等,实现真正意义上的平台独立和语言独立,并给出相关问题的解决方案。     

一种用于分布式工作流系统的消息中间件

系统异构集成是研究分布式工作流系统的一个难点。针对这一问题,文章设计了一种消息中间件,为分布工作流系统提供协作接口,以此将工作流系统的内部处理与外部协作分离开来,实现工作流系统的异构集成。     

分布计算工作流环境的分析

对于工作流的分布环境,群体与分布对象技术是当前最主要的两种实现方法。本文提出了一种基于群件实现工作流系统的方法。同时对各种分布技术进行了分析和比较。     

多任务域工作流系统的设计和实现

针对现有的分布式工作流系统在企业应用中的不足和企业实际的需求,提出了一种多任务域结构的工作流系统实现框架,通过在系统中配置多个任务服务器的方式实现工作流流程的分布处理。结合工作流系统在J2EE平台上的实现,分析了它在性能、扩展性和实用性等方面的问题。实际的应用结果证实了多任务域结构的分布式工作流系统适用于企业业务过程管理。     

分布式工作流执行服务的设计与实现

工作流执行服务的实现方案是实施工作流技术最为关键的一个方面,工作流管理系统的应用特点决定了它必须与各种分布的、异构的应用进行通信或与其集成。为了给用户提供透明的工作流执行服务而隐藏工作流执行服务实现的复杂性,文章提出了一种具有三层层次结构的工作流执行服务实现方案,其中的分布式通信服务层由通信中间件实现,使开发者无需关心程序间通信的复杂性,从而将精力放在解决业务问题和优化业务逻辑方面,提高了应用开发的效率。     

面向对象工作流系统模型设计

工作流管理系统实现的难点在于对动态重构和复杂协作的支持。本文从对象的提取与定义,工作流协作机制的实现及基于分布对象的动态重构提出了一种能解决上述问题的工作流管理系统的模型设计。     

基于Web服务的异构工作流互联接口设计

为了实现企业间异构工作流系统的优势互补和信息共享,针对工作流呈现出的异构、分布等特点,提出了一种基于Web服务的异构工作流流程互联接口设计,以解决异构流程互联问题。从调用接口、调用方式、调用返回等三个方面描述了基于Web服务的流程互联解决方案;并以XPDL描述的SynchroFlow工作流流程与BPEL描述的ODE工作流流程为例,实现了这两种异构工作流的流程相互调用。     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。