基于CFD系统辨识的气弹分析及GPU并行算法初探

通过求解Euler方程获得运动翼段的非定常流场,并用CUDA语言对流场求解器进行GPU并行计算.使用ARMA(auto-regressive-moving-average)模型对非定常气动力进行辨识,由系统辨识模型得到的结果与全阶CFD计算结果十分吻合.基于降阶气动模型与结构的耦合,计算了具有S型颤振边界的气动弹性标准算例-Isogai Wing的跨音速颤振.本文给出的方法可以在保证气动弹性计算精度的前提下大幅提高计算效率.     

耦合压力与温度修正算法对流体流场数值仿真

深入研究了目前流体流场的数值仿真问题,由于流体流场中可能存在着马赫数变化很大的流动情形,通常的方法不能较好地计算出准确的结果,因此找出一种能计算任意马赫数流动的算法是非常必要的.使用了一种耦合压力与温度修正算法求解Navier-Stokes方程.是通过连续方程和能量方程推得压力修正值与温度修正值的方程,并将压力修正值方程与温度修正值方程联立求解,而其它求解变量采用分离式求解的思想,求解中对流项差分格式采用了AUSM 格式,并在低马赫数时进行了改进.通过对喷管和圆弧凸包的数值仿真,较好地反映出了流场中的激波现象,计算表明方法能适应任意马赫数范围的流体流动,并且具有一致的计算精度.     

求解二维对流扩散方程的格子Boltzmann方法

针对二维对流扩散方程,基于D2Q4格子速度,用Chapman-Enskog多尺度分析技术,将时间尺度取为二阶,空间尺度取为一阶,推导了各个速度方向上的平衡态分布函数所满足的条件,给出了简单且对称的平衡态分布函数表达式,所得到的平衡态分布函数能正确地恢复出二维对流扩散方程,从而构建了一种新的求解二维对流扩散方程的D2Q4格子Boltzmann（LB）模型。用所给LB模型对扩散方程和两个不同初边界条件的对流扩散方程进行了数值求解,数值实验结果表明数值解与精确解吻合较好,与相关文献结果比较边界误差要小得多,验证了模型的有效性。     

微凸点阵列等效热导率模型及仿真验证

提出了一种基于高密度微凸点阵列的等效建模方法，以提高目前先进封装散热仿真的求解精度。基于傅里导热定律，研究阵列模型中热量传导路径，结合三维几何积分计算，求解出各向异性材料模型纵向、横向热导率的准确表达式，仿真验证最高温度偏差不超过1.659%的同时，降低80%以上的计算资源。通过上述方法，将一种扇出型晶圆级封装结构中的微凸点阵列进行等效替换，网格数降低83.15%,计算时间降低72.98%,关键测试点温度偏差在1.80%以内。等效模型可以在保证高水平的计算精度的同时，降低计算成本，在高集成度的先进封装热管理工作中具有较大实用性。     

内置面热源密闭方腔内耦合传热数值仿真

为研究温度对固体推进剂点火燃烧性能的影响,需对实验用燃烧室进行温度控制。为进行优化控制,建立了内置面热源的密闭方腔耦合传热模型,利用FLUENT软件,对流动和耦合传热进行了三维数值仿真。计算采用离散坐标(DO)辐射模型,Boussinesq假设。计算结果表明,在自然对流的密闭方腔内,辐射换热比导热和自然对流换热更具主导地位。腔内中心上升的热流与边壁附近下降的冷流形成自然对流环流,环流的速度较高,而上述两部分中间夹层的流体速度较低。数值仿真反映了实验用燃烧室内温度及流场的分布,为实验数据的准确性提供了理论依据。     

配电室温度场与湿度场的建模与仿真分析

考虑到变电站配电室内配电设备对环境温度和湿度有较严苛要求,因此有必要研究配电室内温度和湿度分布规律,有助于提高配电设备可靠性。按照与温度计算有关的能量传递方程和与湿度计算有关的气体扩散方程,由理论计算公式分析可知直接计算涉及多变量的耦合,求解难度大。本文采用有限元分析软件ANSYS对配电室的温度场和湿度场进行仿真计算,首先根据实际的典型配电室建立仿真计算模型,并高精度划分有限元网格。其次根据现场运行情况整定计算仿真需要的计算参数,利用仿真计算模型得到了室内温度场和湿度场的水平面分布情况。通过改变风机流量,分析了风机流量变化对配电柜内部温度的影响效果,总结了配电室内温度场与湿度场的分布规律。     

基于正交函数的立式淬火炉控制系统参数辨识

大型立式淬火炉体积庞大,工况复杂,炉内温度分布呈本征非均匀性.为了获得温度控制高精度和高均匀性提出参数辨识算法,包括求解正交函数正、反向积分运算矩阵,以块脉冲函数为基函数利用正交函数变换将由偏微分方程描述的分布参数系统模型转化为最小二乘形式的代数方程.辨识过程中考虑了大型立式淬火炉温度分布参数系统模型边界条件和初始条件的影响,提高了参数辨识精度,算法计算量小且保持了系统的空间分布特性.     

铜精炼炉内温度测量研究

铜精炼炉内温度是冶炼过程重要的工艺和控制参数,但难以实现在线连续测量．本文在考虑了炉内高温在线测量需求的基础上,根据炉墙物理结构建立了炉墙非线性瞬态热传导模型,提出采用热电偶测量炉墙内温度以求解热传导反问题间接计算炉内壁温度的解决方案：根据热电偶测温位置将求解域划分为正区域与反区域两部分,引入基于最小方差的局部正交Gram多项式理论对测温信号进行平滑滤波,运用有限元法求解正区域边界热通量,利用直线法高效求解炉内壁温度,实现炉温在线连续测量．具体的实验结果表明,本方法能够克服了热传导反问题不适定性,是一种有效的炉温间接测量方法．     

飞机座舱温度场数值仿真研究

要为飞机座舱空气分配系统以及飞机的环控系统提供更为可靠的设计依据.应寻求更加接近实际的座舱温度场的分布情况.根据飞机座舱内实际存在的传热过程,主要在导热-对流传热的基础上考虑了辐射传热,在利用计算流体动力学(CFD)软件Fluent对飞机座舱温度场的数值仿真过程中,加入了离散坐标辐射模型,主要壁面采用了对流-辐射混合热边界条件,而且考虑了太阳辐射对舱内温度场的影响.针对某战斗机的设计状态点对其座舱温度场进行仿真,得到了该条件下的舱内温度分布和辐射换热量,计算结果跟传统方法进行了比较,表明了实际性和可行性.     

核电站堆芯温度场软测量方法研究

核电站堆芯内部温度是反应堆安全运行的重要参数,由于受到测点安装条件的限制,无法直接测量。为解决该问题,在现有压水堆堆芯功率模型的基础上,结合稳态传热热量守恒方程,构建堆芯温度场的计算模型,推算出堆芯内部温度。并通过数值模拟计算结果与堆芯出口实测值的比较,运用数据不确定度作为判断依据,验证了方法的可行性,得到了堆芯内部不同截面的二维温度分布图,为堆芯内部温度的实时监测提供了理论依据。     

Numerical determination of boundary heat fluxes in an enclosure dynamically with natural convection through Fletcher-Reeves gradient method

An iterative Fletcher-Reeves conjugate gradient method (CGM) is adopted to estimate the boundary heat fluxes in a fluid-saturated enclosure, where the fluid flow is dynamically coupled with the heat convection. The sets of direct, sensitivity and adjoint equations required for the solution of the inverse problem are formulated in terms of an arbitrary domain in two dimensions. The methodology of conjugate gradient method solves the inverse natural convection problem satisfactorily without any a priori information about the unknown heat fluxes. The pressure-correction method is utilized to solve the continuum direct, sensitivity and adjoint problems by enforcing global mass and energy conservations. Effects of boundary heat flux profile and thermal Rayleigh number on the convective heat transport are investigated. The effects of position and number of temperature sensors on the inverse problem solution are also addressed in this paper. Inverse solutions of noise data are regularized with the Discrepancy Principle of Alifanov; otherwise, the high frequency components of the random noise were reproduced.     

基于有限元的一类stefan问题数值模型研究

该文给出基于有限元方法的一类一维stefan问题的数值求解过程及算法.模型的建立基于已知的相变界面和固定边界处测得的温度和热流.模型的精度通过与Neumann获得的解析解的比较而得到验证.文中所讨论的模型可以用于反Stefan问题中自由边界的实时跟踪或者控制.最后,比较了已有的有限元模型,给出了仿真结果.     

Reconstruction of heat transfer coefficients using the boundary element method

This paper describes the reconstruction of the heat transfer coefficient (space, Problem I, or time dependent, Problem II) in one-dimensional transient inverse heat conduction problems from surface temperature or average temperature measurements. Since the inverse problem posed does not involve internal temperature measurements, this means that non-destructive testing of materials can be performed. In the formulation, convective boundary conditions relate the boundary temperature to the heat flux. Numerical results obtained using the boundary element method are presented and discussed.     

Automated 3D volumetric reconstruction of multiple-room building interiors for as-built BIM

Currently, fully automated as-built modeling of building interiors using point-cloud data still remains an open challenge, due to several problems that repeatedly arise: (1) complex indoor environments containing multiple rooms; (2) time-consuming and labor-intensive noise filtering; (3) difficulties of representation of volumetric and detail-rich objects such as windows and doors. This study aimed to overcome such limitations while improving the amount of details reproduced within the model for further utilization in BIM. First, we input just the registered three-dimensional (3D) point-cloud data and segmented the point cloud into separate rooms for more effective performance of the later modeling phases for each room. For noise filtering, an offset space from the ceiling height was used to determine whether the scan points belonged to clutter or architectural components. The filtered points were projected onto a binary map in order to trace the floor-wall boundary, which was further refined through subsequent segmentation and regularization procedures. Then, the wall volumes were estimated in two ways: inside- and outside-wall-component modeling. Finally, the wall points were segmented and projected onto an inverse binary map, thereby enabling detection and modeling of the hollow areas as windows or doors. The experimental results on two real-world data sets demonstrated, through comparison with manually-generated models, the effectiveness of our approach: the calculated RMSEs of the two resulting models were 0.089 m and 0.074 m, respectively.     

一维热传导问题时变边界上热通量重构问题

具有Neumann边界条件的抛物方程的初边值问题是偏微分方程研究领域的一类经典问题.正问题是由已知的边界条件和初始条件来求区域温度场的问题.如果边界条件不足,但给出了区域内部的一些额外信息,这样便构成了一类热通量重构的反问题.本文讨论了一维热传导问题时动边界上的热通量重构问题,借助于位势理论方法,引入密度函数,将反问题本质上转化为一类关于密度函数的具有弱奇性核的第一类Volterra积分方程,采用了Tikhonov正则化,在正则化参数的选取上采用了后验的模型函数方法,数值结果验证了反演方法的有效性.     

Transient response analysis and modeling of near wall flow conditions in a micro channel: evidence of slip flow

An experimental tool for determination of the near wall transport parameters in a micro channel, supported by flow simulation, is presented. The method is based on the transient flow response due to convective diffusion, in absence of specific adsorption. An approximately step-function type temporal solute concentration variation serves as the input signal. The associated response signal of a surface plasmon resonance sensor, acting as an integral part of a micro channel, has been taken as the output signal. It provides the flow-dependent change of the NaOH solute concentration in the channel within the optical detection and near wall distance interval 0 < d < 0.5 μm. The temporal signal evolution and response time, until an initially plain aqueous solution is replaced by the solute, varies inversely with solute concentration and flow rate. In the asymptotic limits, the near wall forced convective and diffusive channel transit times, along with the associated velocities, can be extracted and separated. A low convective near wall flow speed would account for 100% adsorption efficiency. The validity of the scaling relation for Fickian diffusive transport has been confirmed by experiments. Convective near wall flow reveals a distorted parabolic flow profile. This indicates relaxation of the no-slip condition, and presence of slip flow. Neither boundary layer formation, nor near wall micro turbulences have been observed. Eventually, a compact mathematical transient flow model, outlined in the Laplace domain for the electrical equivalent analogue circuit and applicable to the convective diffusion equation, has been developed for the flow transients.     

2D inverse problem in a distributed parameter system

In this paper, we present a numerical solution for an inverse heat problem to estimate 2D space-wise coefficient in a parabolic system describing heat transfer. The inverse problem is recast into an optimization problem solved with a conjugate gradient method. This approach use the non linear optimization formulation by minimizing a cost function taking into account both the measured outputs of the system and the outputs calculated by means of the model. The solution is performed by using the free finite element software FreeFem. Numerical example is carried out to check the validity of the proposed method.     

Estimation of vascular open configuration using finite element inverse elastostatic method

This paper presents a new method for predicting the open configuration of vascular organs. The method utilizes finite element inverse elastostatic formulations. The equilibrium boundary value problem is formulated on the homeostatic configuration, and is solved inversely to find the open, stress-free configuration. The method is non-invasive, and enables us to estimate the open configuration based on information that is readily available form in vivo measurements. Examples involving both axisymmetric and asymmetric geometries are presented to demonstrate the utility of the method.     

Lie group analysis of stagnation-point flow of a nanofluid

This article concerns with a steady two-dimensional boundary layer flow of an electrically conducting incompressible nanofluid over a stretching sheet in a porous medium with internal heat generation/absorption. The transport model includes the effect of Brownian motion with thermophoresis in the presence of chemical reaction and magnetic field. Lie group analysis is applied to the governing equations. The transformed self similar non-linear ordinary differential equations along with the boundary conditions are solved numerically. The influences of various relevant parameters on the flow field, temperature and nanoparticle volume fraction as well as wall heat flux and wall mass flux are elucidated through graphs and tables.