Java语言国际化的设计与实现

指出本地化的缺点.深入分析了Java语 言的内部编码,设计并实现了支持国际化的编译器,采用字符编码转换的方案,使多语种字符 、字符串的操作达到了与英文字符、字符串完全一致的目标,并节省了类文件的存储空间,也 使程序具备了有条件的字符集无关性,在一定程度上解决了“万码奔腾”的问题.采用编译信 息和与语境无关的程序代码分离的方案解决了提示信息的国际化问题.提出了采用小字库方 案来解决含有本地字符的程序的真正跨平台问题.通过在加载类时采用对类名进行字符编码 转换的方案解决了JDK(Java development kit)所未能解决的含有本地字符的类名的支持问 题;针对JDK不同版本间的兼容性问题,提出采用根据字符编码特点来选用不同编码转换机制 的解决方案.测试结果证明,采用所设计的国际化方案可实现彻底的国际化支持.     

Java编码问题研究与应用

当前Java的热潮已经席卷整个IT界，但在Java设计之初对多字符集的考虑不够充分，使问题延续至今。很多Java应用中存在中文或者其他的编码问题。该文将从分析Java编码着手，深入研究这一问题的根源，同时介绍了几种不同解决方案。     

Java ME应用程序开发中的国际化解决方案

软件国际化是指在软件设计和文档开发，过程中，使得功能和代码设计能处理多种语言和文化传统，使创建不同语言版本时，不需要重新设计源程序代码的软件工程方法。在Java ME应用程序开发过程中，同样需要处理国际化问题。例如，公司的产品面向多个国家，包括美国，俄罗斯和日本，提供多语言版本支持。一般来说Java ME应用程序的资源文件主要包括文本，图片和多媒体文件。文本文件应该作为国际化的重点，     

基于国产开放系统平台Java虚拟机的中文化

本文在深入分析Java内部编码机制的基础上,指出了现存Java开发工具中中文化存在的问题,并提出了解决方案。我们采用了编码识别技术,将两种不同形式的中文字符编码 转换为统一的JVM内部表示,解决了现存Java开发工具中不同版本间的中文乱码现象;通过在类文件加载时,将类文件名转换为本地操作系统可识别的字符编码,实现了虚拟机对中文类名的支持。实验结果表明我们的设计方案是可行的。     

Java字符集编码应用探讨

探讨了Java语言中处理字符集编码问题,给出了基本编码转换、编码探测、IO字节流的编码、HTTP编码等问题的解决示例。     

JSP和Servlet网络编程设计中汉字编码的研究

JSP和Servlet是基于Java语言的跨平台Web开发工具，在进行网络编程设计中，人们常碰见中文字符编码处理等问题。本文通过介绍字符集编码相关理论。并分析JSP和Servlet运行各阶段字符的编码形式，提出解决中文字符编码转换问题的方法。     

Java Web开发中中文乱码问题的分析与解决方法

从介绍Java常用字符编码集入手,详细分析了在Java Web开发中产生中文乱码的原因,并针对原因提出了可行性解决方法。     

Java中文处理研究

在简要介绍字符编码常识的基础上,深入分析了Java源程序在编译运行过程中的编码解码过程,从而找到了能直接在控制台上运行的Java类,JSP,Servlet及Java程序和数据库之间中文乱码问题产生的根本原因,并分别给出了解决方法,从而较好地解决了Java程序在移植及输入输出过程中的乱码问题。     

Java程序中乱码的由来及解决方法

从编码出发,分析了在Java中可能会产生编码问题的两个环节,并对不同情况给出了有效的解决方法.     

Java中文处理研究

在简要介绍字符编码常识的基础上，深入分析了Java源程序在编译运行过程中的编码解码过程，从而找到了能直接在控制台上运行的Java类，JSP，Servlet及Java程序和数据库之间中文乱码问题产生的根本原因，并分别给出了解决方法。从而较好地解决了Java程序在移植及输入输出过程中的乱码问题。     

面向方面程序设计语言研究综述

作为控制软件复杂性、提高软件模块化程度、增强软件开发灵活性的重要技术手段之一,面向方面程序设计语言经过十多年的发展,日益受到软件研究者和实践者的关注,并发展成为软件工程的一个重要的研究领域。基于该领域近十年来的研究进展,分析总结了面向方面程序设计语言中的主要语言特性和关键实现技术;按照不同的语言特性对面向方面程序设计语言进行分类,并探讨了其发展与研究方向。     

Introducing graphics capabilities to several high-level languages

The development of basic support software for a graphics facility requires extensive programming effort, which is sometimes duplicated when the facility is made available from other languages. This paper explores an alternative, which has the advantages that only a single software package need be built for use by a variety of host languages, and no modification is necessary to their compilers. Fortran, PL/I and Algol W are the example hosts used in the feasibility studies, but the approach can be extended.     

Efficient virtual machine support of runtime structural reflection

Increasing trends towards adaptive, distributed, generative and pervasive software have made object-oriented dynamically typed languages become increasingly popular. These languages offer dynamic software evolution by means of reflection, facilitating the development of dynamic systems. Unfortunately, this dynamism commonly imposes a runtime performance penalty. In this paper, we describe how to extend a production JIT-compiler virtual machine to support runtime object-oriented structural reflection offered by many dynamic languages. Our approach improves runtime performance of dynamic languages running on statically typed virtual machines. At the same time, existing statically typed languages are still supported by the virtual machine.We have extended the .Net platform with runtime structural reflection adding prototype-based object-oriented semantics to the statically typed class-based model of .Net, supporting both kinds of programming languages. The assessment of runtime performance and memory consumption has revealed that a direct support of structural reflection in a production JIT-based virtual machine designed for statically typed languages provides a significant performance improvement for dynamically typed languages.     

Object modelling languages: An evaluation and some key expectations for the future

Object modelling languages are graphical semi-formal specification languages. They are tools to capture and formalise requirements in the earlier phases of software development, as well as providing support for describing designs, software architecture and even detailed implementations later in the process. One can consider these languages to have reached some level of maturity, especially because their precursors, the Object-Oriented Analysis and Design methods, have now been used and tested intensively in industry for many years. In addition, these modelling languages have been the subject of many improvements by the scientific community. Nevertheless, some dissatisfaction persists. In this paper, we aim to re-analyse several parts of the deep structure of two leading object modelling languages: OML and UML, in order to show how they can really increase software quality. Their structure is based on metamodelling, which is the way the semantics of these two languages is expressed. This structure is also the source of a proliferation of modelling constructs (for example, different forms of inheritance associated with distinct notational elements) whose use must clearly influence, in particular, reusability — a key expectation in a software engineering process. More generally, we identify some deficiencies in these languages, which allows us to highlight some appropriate evolutionary paths. In discussing dynamic metamodelling and scalability, we specifically outline that a main current drawback is the difficulty of implementing these languages in Computer-Aided Software Engineering tools. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

AspectC++: An integrated approach for static and dynamic adaptation of system software

Modern computer systems require an enormous amount of flexibility. This is especially the case in low-level system software, from embedded devices to networking services. From literature and practice, various approaches to modularize and integrate adaptations have been investigated. However, most of this work is implemented with dynamic languages that offer extensive run-time support and enable easy integration of such approaches. System software is written in languages like C or C++ in order to minimize utilization of system resources and maximize efficiency. While for these languages highly optimized and reliable compilers are available, the support for static and dynamic adaptation is rather limited. In order to overcome these limitations, we present an adaptation approach that is based on a sophisticated combination of static and dynamic aspect weaving for aspects written in AspectC++. This facilitates the incremental evolution and deployment of system software that has to be “always on”. We demonstrate the feasibility of our approach and its applicability to two pieces of system software, namely the Squid web proxy and the eCos operating system, which is used in the domain of resource-constrained deeply embedded systems.     

Software process modeling languages: A systematic literature review

ContextOrganizations working in software development are aware that processes are very important assets as well as they are very conscious of the need to deploy well-defined processes with the goal of improving software product development and, particularly, quality. Software process modeling languages are an important support for describing and managing software processes in software-intensive organizations.ObjectiveThis paper seeks to identify what software process modeling languages have been defined in last decade, the relationships and dependencies among them and, starting from the current state, to define directions for future research.MethodA systematic literature review was developed. 1929 papers were retrieved by a manual search in 9 databases and 46 primary studies were finally included.ResultsSince 2000 more than 40 languages have been first reported, each of which with a concrete purpose. We show that different base technologies have been used to define software process modeling languages. We provide a scheme where each language is registered together with the year it was created, the base technology used to define it and whether it is considered a starting point for later languages. This scheme is used to illustrate the trend in software process modeling languages. Finally, we present directions for future research.ConclusionThis review presents the different software process modeling languages that have been developed in the last ten years, showing the relevant fact that model-based SPMLs (Software Process Modeling Languages) are being considered as a current trend. Each one of these languages has been designed with a particular motivation, to solve problems which had been detected. However, there are still several problems to face, which have become evident in this review. This let us provide researchers with some guidelines for future research on this topic.     

Multicode: a truly multilingual approach to text encoding

Unicode was designed to extend ASCII for encoding text in different languages, but it still has several important drawbacks. Multicode addresses many of Unicode's drawbacks and should have considerable appeal to programmers who work with text in a variety of languages. Its future, however, depends on the computer industry's acceptance. Multicode can represent Unicode files because it reserves a character set for Unicode. Converting Multicode to Unicode is also straightforward (although the opposite is not). Thus, both approaches can coexist-Multicode for programming ease and Unicode to support unified fonts     

元建模技术研究进展

随着UML(unified modeling language)与MDA(model driven architecture)的兴起和流行,模型已经成为软件开发的核心制品,而模型重要性的提升使得建模语言以及定义建模语言的元模型逐渐成为软件开发中的一个核心要素.软件开发往往涉及多个领域,而不同的领域往往需要不同的建模语言及其建模工具.但是,手工地为不同的建模语言开发建模工具代价高昂.元建模技术是解决这个问题的方法之一,通过元建模,可以根据领域需要定制合适的元模型以定义领域建模语言,进而自动生成支持该建模语言的建模工具.大量的工程实践表明,与领域建模以及MDA相结合,元建模可以大幅度地提高软件开发效率,基于元建模的MDA比基于通用建模语言的MDA更具潜力.在最近的几年中,元建模及其相关技术发展迅猛,不但在技术上取得了长足的进步,而且在产业界也开始出现大规模的商业应用.总结了元建模的现有研究成果,分析和比较了现有元建模工具,探讨了元建模的可能发展方向.对元建模中存在的问题进行分析,并指出了可能的解决途径.     

A class of high level languages for process control

An abstract notational system can serve as a model for the investigation of high level programming languages that explicitly support the monitoring and control of parallel events, provide data types at the bit level and allow real-time interaction between user and process. Run-time mechanisms that support the execution of programs in the notational system chosen on specific hardware can also be identified. A software tools environment can be designed to provide high level languages and runtime support for process control in a way that encourages portability among different hardware configurations.