基于邻域场拉普拉斯混合模型图像分割的研究

针对高斯混合模型（GMM）不能有效处理重尾噪声下图像拖尾情况,提出了基于拉普拉斯（Laplacian）分布的有限混合模型图像分割方法。与标准拉普拉斯混合模型（LMM）将像素点作为孤立个体不同的是,该方法充分考虑了相邻像素点间的空间关系。相较传统混合模型参数估计采用的EM算法,该方法采用梯度下降法优化参数。实验结果表明在处理重尾噪声时,该方法与标准LMM算法和GMM算法相比,鲁棒性更好,分割更精确有效。     

引入模糊因子的EM图像分割

基于有限高斯混合模型,在采用EM算法对混合模型参数求解的过程中,引入模糊因子,改善图像分割方法.该方法可以降低其对初选值的依赖和像素点值对混合模型分量间参数的干扰.结果表明,对含有高斯噪声影响的图像有较好的分割结果,目标图像的区域形状保持好、相对位置明确.     

一种基于区域的彩色图像分割方法

介绍了一种基于区域的彩色图像分割方法。该方法首先提取图像像素点的颜色、纹理等特征,然后采用Gaussian混合模型,通过EM算法学习,根据提出的选择最佳高斯混合模型参数K的准则,确定K,利用图像像素点特征的相似度在特征空间中粗略的将像素点划分为不同的组,最后在各个组内依据其位置信息对图像再进一步划分,得到图像的区域分割。实验结果表明,该分割方法具有较好的分割性能。     

基于多特征的EM算法在昆虫图像分割中的应用

提出了一种基于多特征的EM(Expectation-maximizarion)聚类的昆虫图像分割方法.与一般的EM算法不同,这种方法首先选用适当的彩色空间对图像中的每个像素抽取颜色、纹理及空间位置等综合特征,形成基于像素的8维综合特征空间,然后采用高斯混合模型,通过EM算法估计高斯混合模型参数,利用图像像素点特征的相似度在特征空间中得到初步的区域分割,最后利用连接原理对图像区域进一步分割.实验结果表明, 算法能较好地分割昆虫图像.     

一种去除图像混合噪声的滤波算法

针对同时感染脉冲噪声和高斯噪声的混合噪声图像,以全变分去噪模型为基础,结合中值滤波技术,提出一种新的混合噪声滤波算法.该算法首先根据脉冲噪声的特点和像素的局部能量信息,分离出脉冲噪声并以改进中值滤波算法去除,然后对含有高斯噪声的图像采用自适应广义变分模型进行降噪处理.实验结果表明,该算法在有效滤除混合噪声的同时能很好地保护图像细节,为去除图像中的混合噪声提供了一种有效的途径.     

基于高斯混合模型的人脑MR图像分割新算法研究

有限高斯混合模型是广泛应用于聚类分析与分布估计的概率模型之一,同样在脑部MR图像分割领域获得了广泛应用.利用高斯混合模型可以描述大脑图像,通过期望最大算法求解随机变量的特征值,并用其对图像上的点进行分类,可以在一定程度上解决脑图像分割问题.针对含脉冲噪声的大脑图像,首先利用改进的滤波方法对图像进行滤波,再利用粒子群改进算法的全局优化特性求解高斯混合模型的参数,这样避免了EM算法易陷入局部极值的现象,以提高参数精度,从而进一步提高分割质量.     

高斯混合模型改进的活动轮廓模型MRI分割

引入高斯混合模型逼近图像的直方图概率,利用遗传算法的全局优化特性求解高斯混合模型的参数,以提高参数精度;由此构造新的活动轮廓模型约束项.在新的约束项作用下,活动轮廓模型可以有效地减少噪声的影响,防止从弱边界泄漏.对左心室核磁共振图像的分割实验表明,该模型具有较好的分割效果.     

图像分割中改进空间约束贝叶斯网络模型的应用

针对马尔可夫链蒙特卡罗方法普遍存在的迭代收敛性问题,在具有空间平滑约束的高斯混合模型条件上提出改进空间约束贝叶斯网络模型并在图像分割领域进行具体应用。所提模型应用隐狄利克雷分布（LDA）概率密度模型和高斯-马尔可夫定理的随机域参数混合过程来实现参数平滑。所提方法根据空间信息先验平滑变换操作,在待处理像素点的上下文混合结构中引入LDA符合多项式分布,用来替换传统期望最大化算法中映射操作。LDA参数采用闭合形式将有利于准确估计最大后验概率（MAP）框架与上下文混合结构的相关比例。实验结果表明,应用PRI、VoI、GCE和BDE指标进行效果比较,该方法比联合系统工程组（JSEG）、当前变换矩阵（CTM）和最大后验概率-最大似然法（MM）方法的图像分割应用效果较好,高斯噪声对于该算法的鲁棒性影响较小。     

基于自适应空间邻域信息高斯混合模型的图像分割

针对高斯混合模型用于图像分割时仅利用了像素的灰度信息,而忽视空间位置信息,导致在噪声区域和边界处有误分割现象,提出一种自适应空间邻域信息高斯混合模型的图像分割法.该方法定义了一个能够有力抑制噪声点、很好保留边界特性的自适应空间邻域信息函数.在此基础上,设计了每个像素由某个类生成的邻域信息加权概率,并证明了该加权概率满足归一性和空间连续性2个准则;最后,利用EM优化算法给出模型参数E步和M步迭代求解公式.通过人工合成图像与真实图像的实验表明,该方法具有满意的分割效果.     

改进的图谱理论阈值分割方法

针对现有的基于归一化的图谱理论阈值分割算法的权值计算公式没有充分考虑像素点的关联,在图像含有弱边界时很难得到真实解,导致图像细节分割不理想的问题,本算法首先使用高斯混合模型构造新的约束条件引入到权值计算中,使得权值计算充分地考虑像素点之间的关联。在计算图谱划分测度前,本算法通过高斯混合模型的均值参数自适应确定门限值的分布区间,较大地提高了图谱划分测度计算的效率。实验结果表明,相对于现有的基于归一化的图谱理论的阈值分割方法,本文算法具有较好的分割效果,可以保留图像更多细节。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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