基于模糊控制的智能车路况识别

如何根据传感器输入信息快速识别出前方道路情况,是智能车控制领域研究的重点。基于32位瑞萨微控制器和CCD摄像头传感器构成智能车硬件平台,提出了基于模糊控制的路况识别控制算法。对CCD传感器采集的视频信号进行二值化,利用模糊识别算法处理二值化的视频信息,有效地屏蔽了外界光线等干扰因素对CCD传感器的影响,使智能车能够根据路况信息做出快速反应。     

基于特征提取的分离循迹智能车系统

目前循迹智能车的跑道识别都依赖于跑道上的特殊标志,一旦识别失败,小车将脱离原有道路.针对该现状,提出一种基于图像特征提取的循迹方案.该方案将循迹信息与跑道分离,循迹系统由信息采集和动作执行两部分组成.将目标路线图画在透明压克力板上,通过CCD摄像头采集图像,利用MC9S12XS128单片机对图像数组进行边缘提取和角点检测得到路径信息,然后将路径信息经无线模块NRF24L01发送给智能车,通过精确的缩放比例将绘图区域映射到实际路径,完成分离循迹.行驶过程中无需判别跑道特征.     

基于几何约束的实时城市道路检测

道路检测是智能车自动驾驶系统中非常重要的部分。提出一种检测城市道路的新方法:首先在智能车上摄像头获得的道路图片中利用Sobel算子和Tukey权值函数拟合出用于后续处理的基本直线,然后对这些线采取距离、与消失点关系、斜率三项几何约束确定道路可能存在的左右边线以及中线,很大程度上减少了阴影边界、建筑边界等其他干扰线的干扰,从而实现对智能车行驶前方道路的快速精确检测。经过大量实验和智能车比赛证明,在100km/h速度下该算法对光照,阴影,以及非道路物体干扰有良好的稳定性。     

智能车路径识别中图像信息的矫正

针对智能车采用摄像头识别路径过程中,提取图像信息的畸变问题进行矫正研究。分别对垂直方向、水平方向图像的畸变进行算法处理,给出实现过程。矫正后图像与实际赛道更契合,保证了智能车识别路径的正确性、有效性。     

智能车路径识别与控制性能提高方法研究及实现

为提高智能车路径识别的准确性、实时性和鲁棒性,采用"图像采集—图像处理"交叉执行的方式,同时在图像处理阶段采用跟踪边缘检测算法,并将模糊控制算法和PID算法进行整合。整体实验结果表明,智能车的速度提高了33.3%,准确率提高了35.7%。本研究中的智能车系统可发展应用于现代汽车的辅助驾驶系统,提高智能交通的安全性。     

基于深度学习的道路检测和红绿灯调度

为提升城市交通效率,减少交通堵塞,文章设计了道路检测和红绿灯调度控制系统。该系统以YOLOv5算法模型为基础,通过调整模型参数,首先实现交通视频中各种道路目标进行实时检测和识别,然后根据道路目标计数值,设置不同的权值,从而完成红绿灯调度。实验数据分析表明,所设计的系统识别结果准确度较高,程序目标识别速度能够达到实时检测的标准,且能初步提高交通效率。     

基于经典PID算法的智能车系统研究

如何根据各种传感器输入的信息快速识别出前方道路的情况,是智能车系统控制领域研究的难点。本文用MC9SDG128B作为核心处理器,完成智能车电源、驱动、数据采集处理和测速等模块的设计与实现,在此基础上提出了基于经典PID路况识别的控制算法。通过大量的实践和调试总结出PID算法的各项系数参考表,使我们的智能车系统在参赛时最终平均车速达到1.75m/s,入弯道时最大速度达到2m/s,基本上满足全程高速运行的要求。     

结构化道路车道线快速检测的一种改进算法

基于视觉导航的高速智能车,提出一种改进的道路快速检测算法。用改进的水平均值投影法划分道路和背景区域,结合边缘检测算子和最大类间方差法(大津算法),构成双阈值法对道路区域图像进行二值化处理,利用先验知识改进的霍夫变换,在路面存在阴影和噪声干扰的条件下,能准确地检测车道标识线;对动态预测划分感兴趣区域,采用菱形搜索法进行车道线跟踪,融合初始检测和后续跟踪两层算法循环处理道路图像序列。实车试验表明,算法具有良好的实时性和鲁棒性,满足智能车高速行驶要求。     

广义预测算法在智能小车控制中的应用

针对各种传感器输入的信息无法快速识别出前方道路,在智能车系统控制领域难以准确实现.本系统用MC9S12XS128MAL作为核心处理器,完成智能车电源、驱动、数据采集处理和测速等模块的设计与实现,在此基础上提出了一种改进广义预测路况识别的控制算法.仿真表明该改进控制算法的可行性,并进行大量的实践和调试,简单的改变控制参数...     

基于摄像头图像的智能车寻迹方法设计

介绍了一种基于OV系列摄像头图像的智能车寻迹方法。该方法将摄像头采集到的图像信息进行处理,根据道路信息的特点,找出道路边线。通过两条边线的位置计算得到道路中心线位置,使智能车能按照中心线行驶。对于十字型赛道的中心线,提出了修正方法,对缺失的边线部分,先进行补线处理,再计算中心线。测试结果表明,按照提出的方法,智能车能够准确、平稳地行驶。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate