基于笔式交互的几何教学系统原型

设计并实现了一个基于笔式交互的几何教学白板系统原型,该系统允许用户以笔代替鼠标在界面上批注勾画,草绘输入图元,手势编辑界面元素,并支持动态几何。为提高真实感和交互效率,系统中引进了线消隐和笔画规整技术,这也是同类系统少有的。对系统的框架和关键技术进行了讨论,最后给出了系统可用性评估,实验显示系统能够达到理想效果,有较高的实用性。     

一种笔式表格组件的设计方法

传统基于WIMP界面范式的表格设计,无法满足用户与界面自然、高效、连续性交互的需求,尤其是用户无法根据设计意图自由勾画任意通用的表格,也无法自动标识表格界面逻辑.提出一个基于笔交互的表格组件的设计方法.该方法以数字笔代替鼠标键盘,能够连续输入笔迹并识别为文字、勾画草图并识别为正式表格或框线、使用笔手势操纵界面对象,并能自动识别表格的逻辑结构.本文讨论了该笔式表格组件的开发框架及关键技术,以及表格组件架构,并给出了应用实例及性能评估,实验结果表明,用户使用该方法设计表格具有较高的效率与用户满意度.     

用于地图内容查询的可视化交互界面的设计

可视化交互界面技术是计算机技术的主要组成部分之一，在各个领域中发挥着重要的作用，用于地图内容查询系统的可视化交互界面以高效、灵活和方便的交互手段为系统提供了强有力的支持。文中对用于地图内容查询系统的可视化交互界面具有的功能进行了分析，设计了一种基于语义模型和图像处理技术地图目标查询的交互界面。对界面的总体结构和交互机制进行描述，说明用于描述地图内容的数据结构，并对实现多种功能的操纵方法进行说明.最后给出一个应用实例，说明该界面的效果。     

虚拟家居设计系统的笔式交互应用研究

以虚拟家居设计系统为应用目标,以笔式交互在虚拟家居设计系统中的应用为主要研究内容,将基于笔交互的自由勾画技术和概念设计过程中的草图设计技术相结合,并利用已有的手势识别技术,系统研究了虚拟家居系统中笔式交互的交互任务、交互过程模型和交互技术,具体包括：建立了手势知识库,研究了虚拟家居系统中从草图绘制到三维漫游过程中的约束求解技术等,为笔式交互在家居设计系统中应用提供了参考原型。基于笔交互的虚拟家居设计展示系统已经投入应用,并取得较好的效果。     

笔式几何学习系统的设计与实现

基于现有的几何学习软件存在着交互方式不自然,不智能的缺点,设计并实现了一个笔式几何学习系统,用以模拟初中几何教学过程中,教师出题,学生答题的情境.笔式几何学习系统运用约束求解技术动态展示几何属性,运用草图识别技术将草图识别为几何图形,通过笔手势帮助用户更加方便地操作使用软件.评估表明,用户以笔交互的方式进行书写、绘图和操作,体现了和谐自然的人机交互模式.     

面向儿童的多通道交互系统

设计和实现了一个基于笔和语音的面向儿童的多通道三维交互系统.系统中包含了基于笔和语音的交互信息整合框架,用来整合儿童输入的笔和语音信息.同时,系统中定义了一些基于笔和语音的交互技术,可以支持孩子们以自然的方式,通过笔和语音同系统进行交互.用笔来勾画三维的场景和小动物等实体,同时用笔和语音同场景和场景中的实体进行一定的交互.     

面向卫星系统仿真的可视化环境

卫星系统仿真在卫星系统分析、设计及评估中起着重要的作用.该文按照数值计算与图形演示相分离的原则,提出并实现了一个面向卫星系统仿真的可视化环境,主控程序(即仿真运算软件)通过基于Socket机制的进程交互接口实现对可视化环境的操控.该环境基于Win32多线程机制设计,各线程之间运用信号事件进行同步,并选用OpenGl作为实体建模与渲染之工具.该环境实现了关于卫星系统运行过程的动态三维场景、二维地图投影两种视图以及相关界面.目前,该环境已成功应用于多卫星系统效能仿真与评估等项目研制中.     

笔式服装工艺设计系统的研究与实现

为了满足服装CAD的领域需求,提高服装工艺设计的效率,采用笔式用户界面进行草图勾画与知识编辑,通过对用户设计意图的隐式理解,利用几何约束求解技术,设计并实现了面向非计算机专业用户的基于笔交互的服装工艺设计系统.该系统与传统CAD软件相比改善了人机交互的方式,降低了用户的认知负担,提高了设计效率.     

基于场景的笔式界面设计工具的设计和实现*

设计实现了一个基于数字笔的用户界面设计工具,该工具以面向笔式界面领域,基于场景的设计思想来设计系统中的界面场景组织关系以及场景之间的动态切换方式,设计者与工具间的交互自然流畅、快捷高效。通过手势识别技术,该工具可以将场景的设计结果转换为内部的界面描述语言,并通过相应的解释最终构造生成笔式用户界面。该工具可以快速生成界面原型,从而有效地提高了笔式交互系统的设计和开发效率。     

VRML在三维动态交互地图可视化中的实践

针对三维动态交互地图的可视化问题,探讨了VRML的技术特点及其在解决三维动态交互地图可视化问题中的应用潜力和存在的问题,并采用Visual C^ 与VRML 2．0相结合进行了三维动态交互地图可视化的初步实践,取得了成功的应用。该工作主要集中在：（1）通过北京门头沟地区地形的可视化,探索了VRML表达较大数据量数字地形的能力;（2）开发了三维动态交互地图可视化的原型系统,并在北京人口变化可视化中进行了应用。     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。