基于Hamilton系统理论的结构保持多机电力系统非线性励磁控制

基于广义Hamilton系统理论,提出了将非线性微分-代数系统表示为广义耗散Hamilton系统的实现方法,并证明可通过适当的控制策略镇定该动态系统.文中应用Hamilton实现方法进行了结构保持多机电力系统的非线性励磁控制器的设计,仿真结果验证了文中所提出方法的正确性和控制策略的有效性.     

基于结构保持模型的多SVC协调控制

针对非线性微分代数系统，在广义Hamilton系统理论的基础上，提出广义拟Hamilton系统的概念及相关控制策略从而实现该系统的镇定，并将其应用于含有多个SVC的结构保持多机电力系统中。根据系统结构，通过预反馈的方法完成拟Hamilton实现。在此基础上设计了相应的SVC协调控制器。所得Hamilton函数不仅可以看作是含有SVC控制结构保持模型的暂态能量函数，而且具有Lyapunov函数的特性，既保证了数学上的严密性，又有明确的物理意义。仿真结果说明所提方法对增强暂态稳定的有效性。     

New Lyapunov function for transient stability analysis and control of power systems with excitation control

In this paper, a direct method of transient stability analysis for power systems with excitation control is presented using Hamiltonian system theory. A modified transient energy function is regarded as Hamiltonian function which is used to formulate a type of standard Hamiltonian equation. A new Lyapunov function is then constructed, and based on it, a novel excitation control strategy is obtained directly from a nonlinear power system. Numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.     

哈密尔顿系统的无源性控制设计

无源性控制(PBC)是非线性控制的一个新的方向.不过对无源性控制一般都是定性的讨论.本文给出了一种与无源性控制结合的定量化方法.为求解无源性控制中的偏微分方程,需要先将非线性系统的数学模型转化成Hamilton模型.文中以一个磁悬浮系统的无源性控制为例,说明了这个Hamilton系统偏微分方程的求解方法,并给出了无源性控制律.本文的方法为非线性控制提供了一个实用的设计工具.     

伪广义哈密顿理论及其在多机电力系统非线性励磁控制中的应用

传统的电力系统广义哈密顿(Hamilton)实现方法难以考虑转移电导的影响,提出伪广义哈密顿系统理论,在广义哈密顿实现方法的基础上通过构造新的李亚普诺夫(Lyapunov)函数,实现了一类非线性系统的直接镇定控制。推导出可保证系统渐近稳定的条件和判据,将考虑转移电导情况下的多机电力系统模型表示成为伪广义耗散哈密顿形式,采用阻尼注入和能量补偿的思想进行励磁控制器的设计,物理意义更为明确,并结合电力系统的运行特点,给出判断系统渐近稳定性的近似方法。3机电力系统的仿真结果验证了所提出方法的正确性和控制策略的有效性。     

FACTS的PCH模型与自适应L2增益控制（一）理论篇

采用预置反馈方法,将电力系统中存在的一类仿射非线性系统转换为标准的哈密顿系统,从而导出了单机无穷大电力系统下SVC的PCH（端口受控哈密顿）模型,针对系统的外界干扰和参数不确定性问题,设计了相应的自适应L2增益控制规律,文中直接采用哈密顿函数作为存储函数,不仅保证了数学上的严密性,且具有明确的物理意义,仿真结果表明SVC采用自适应L2控制规律,不但可以确保系统渐近稳定,而且可以有效抑制干扰,对系统的工况具有自适应性。     

同步发电机励磁非线性预测控制

介绍了一种新的非线性控制器设计方法,使用预测控制理论对非线性系统工将这种方法应用于单机－无穷大系统励磁控制,得到了一了以有功功率,角速率和机端电压作为变量的非线性系统的控制规律,仿真结果表明：该方法既能改善功能稳定性,又能改善发电机端电压的动态特比目前认为较好的微分几何等方法更有效,更实用。     

基于Hamilton能量函数含SVC的电力系统非线性控制

考虑电力系统的非线性特性,基于H am ilton能量函数理论,设计了一种新的非线性稳定控制器。阐述了广义哈密顿系统理论及H am ilton能量函数理论,然后针对包含静止无功补偿器的单机无穷大系统建立非线性数学模型,并应用哈密顿系统理论对其进行实现,再从能量的观点出发,利用能量函数法设计系统稳定控制器。单机无穷大系统数字仿真结果验证了该控制律的有效性。     

基于结构保留模型的静止无功补偿器鲁棒非线性控制

采用Hamilton函数方法研究了静止无功补偿器(SVC)的鲁棒非线性控制问题。首先基于系统网络结构特点,建立了包含SVC、恒功率负荷和有界外部扰动的电力系统的结构保留不确定非线性控制数学模型,然后通过坐标变换和预置状态反馈控制完成了系统的耗散Hamilton实现。最后,基于该耗散实现设计了鲁棒控制器,并分析了闭环系统的渐近稳定性。由于充分利用了系统的内在耗散结构特性,所设计的鲁棒控制器物理意义明确,易于实现。与常规PID控制器的仿真比较表明,该鲁棒控制器作用下系统的超调量小、响应速度快,能有效抑制外部干扰对系统暂态稳定性的影响,有效提高了系统的动态性能。     

Adaptive interconnection and damping assignment passivity-based control for linearly parameterized discrete-time port controlled Hamiltonian systems via I&I approach

In this paper, discrete-time adaptive control of linearly parameterized fully actuated Port-controlled Hamiltonian systems with parameter uncertainties in energy function is considered. A discrete-time adaptive interconnection and damping assignment passivity-based control (IDA-PBC) method, utilizing the immersion and invariance (I&I) approach, for the considered uncertain Hamiltonian system, is presented. A discrete-time parameter estimator based on the immersion and invariance approach is derived to obtain an automatic tuning mechanism for the IDA-PBC controller. The stability analysis for the estimator and the closed-loop system is done using the Lyapunov theory. The proposed method is applied to two fully actuated physical systems and its performance is tested by simulations. Simulation results show that the proposed I&I-based adaptive IDA-PBC controller successfully preserves the performance of the IDA-PBC controller designed with true parameters under a large amount of uncertainty.     

基于哈密顿系统理论的超导储能装置控制器的设计

针对电力系统非线性的特点，将电力系统中的一类仿射非线性系统转换为标准的哈密顿系统，进行了超导储能SMES（Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage)有功功率的控制设计，对无功功率用传统的比例环节进行设计，基于受控哈密顿系统理论，建立了SMES装置的端口受控哈密顿PCH（Port Controlled Hamiltonian)模型，针对系统的外界干扰和参数不确定性，采用自适应KL2增益控制设计方法设计了含有SMES装置的单机无穷大电力系统的自适用L2增益控制器。仿真结果表明，采用基于哈密顿系统理论的自适应L2增益控制方法对SMES有功功率的设计，利用传统的比例积分PI（Proportion Integration)控制器进行无功功率控制，能够有效地抑制干扰，显著地改善系统的动态性能。     

基于PCHD模型的MMC-APF无源控制策略

为解决无源滤波器和传统有源电力滤波器在谐波补偿精度和应用范围方面的缺点,选择基于(Modular Multilevel Converter,MMC)的有源电力滤波器为研究对象,同时利用MMC-APF的无源性提出一种基于端口受控耗散哈密顿(Port-controlled Hamiltonian with Dissipation, PCHD)模型的非线性无源控制策略(passivity-based control, PBC)。首先通过MMC-APF系统的数学模型推导出基于PCHD的无源模型;然后利用互联法和阻尼分配法设计了相应的无源控制器;最后通过子摸块电容、环流控制、无源控制得到系统调制信号。仿真结果表明,设计的基于PCHD模型的PBC策略能够将系统控制在较低的谐波标准下,相较于传统PI控制策略具有更好的谐波补偿性能和更快的响应速度。     

Integration of multiple model based fault detection and nonlinear model predictive fault‐tolerant control

In this paper, we present a new fault‐tolerant control system for a class of nonlinear systems with input constraints. Because of many important factors that stabilize a nonlinear model predictive controller, it can be used as a powerful controller in the event of fault occurrence. So, the reconfigurable controller is designed based on the quasi‐infinite model predictive control (QIMPC) approach as a fault‐tolerant approach. On the other hand, a fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) system is designed based on the multiple model method. The bank of extended Kalman filters (EKFs) is used to detect the predefined actuator fault and estimate the unknown parameters of a fault. When a fault is detected, the proposed FDD information is used to correct the model of the faulty system recursively and reconfigure the controller. Delay on FDD decision may lead to performance degradation or even instability for some systems. The timely proposed FDD approach will preserve stability. Moreover, a framework is presented to ensure stability when a fault occurs. The effectiveness of this method is demonstrated, in comparison with conventional nonlinear model predictive control, by two practical examples. © 2015 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

面向无人驾驶的三轴应急救援车辆并行控制方法

为实现应急救援车辆轨迹跟踪和横向稳定的优化协调,提出了一种基于哈密顿函数的车辆非线性并行控制方法。 分别 建立了车辆动力学模型和轨迹跟踪模型,通过模型变换将车辆动力学模型和轨迹跟踪模型表示为具有相同控制输入的状态方 程,从而将轨迹跟踪和横向稳定协调控制问题转化为一类非线性并行控制问题,分别设计了轨迹跟踪控制和横向稳定性控制的 哈密顿函数,讨论并证明了基于车辆特性的控制器设计存在条件,提出了一种兼顾应急救援车辆轨迹跟踪和横向稳定控制性能 的非线性并行控制方法,并证明了控制系统稳定性。 结果表明,并行控制下的轨迹跟踪精度和稳定性控制精度分别提升了 10. 13%和 13. 79%,从而验证所设计方法能够更好地实现应急救援车辆轨迹跟踪和横向稳定的协调控制。     

Adaptive parallel simultaneous stabilization of a set of uncertain port‐controlled hamiltonian systems subject to actuator saturation

This paper investigates adaptive parallel simultaneous stabilization (APSS) of a set of uncertain nonlinear port‐controlled Hamiltonian (PCH) systems subject to actuator saturation and proposes a number of results on the design of the APSS controllers. First, the case of two PCH systems is studied. Using both the dissipative Hamiltonian structural and saturated actuator properties, the two systems are combined to generate an augmented PCH system, with which, some results on the control designs are then obtained. When there are external disturbances in the two systems, an H _∞ APSS controller is designed for the systems. Second, the case of more than two uncertain PCH systems subject to actuator saturation is investigated, and several new results are proposed for the APSS problem. Finally, an illustrative example is presented to show that the adaptive stabilization controllers obtained in this paper work very well. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Transient stability enhancement of power systems via optimal nonlinear state feedback control

In this paper, the transient stabilization of power systems will be enhanced using optimal nonlinear feedback control. To this end, a partial differential equation called Hamilton-Jacobi-Belman (HJB), should be solved, which does not have a closed form solution in general. Nevertheless, there are some approximate solutions to solve HJB equations. In this paper, by using a Taylor Series expansion, a sub-optimal nonlinear control law is obtained. As a result, a transient controller for a single-machine infinite-bus power system is designed. Also, the superiority of the designed nonlinear controller in some grounds like increasing the region of asymptotic stability of the system or in other words, increasing the domain of validity is shown. Simulation results reveal the effectiveness of the proposed approach.     

单元机组负荷非线性预测控制及其仿真研究

大型单元机组负荷控制系统存在着强耦合、非线性等特性,常规线性控制策略难取得满意的控制效果。为此,该文提出了一种新的基于模糊模型和免疫优化的非线性预测控制方法,将离线辨识到的全局模糊模型作为预测模型,然后利用实数编码的免疫优化算法在线实现非线性预测控制的滚动优化,给出每个采样时刻的最优控制量。该方法还可通过修正的遗传算子方便地解决控制量受限问题。通过对一个500MW单元机组负荷控制系统的仿真试验,验证了该非线性预测控制方法的有效性。     

多机系统励磁与SSSC的非线性鲁棒协调控制

针对多机电力系统中,发电机励磁和静止同步串联补偿器(static synchronous series compensator,SSSC)的协调控制问题,引入广义Hamilton系统理论,进行非线性协调控制器设计。SSSC采用考虑内部动态的三阶模型,并将SSSC与各台发电机的相互作用用附加电磁功率表示。将包含发电机励磁和SSSC的多机电力系统描述成广义耗散Hamilton系统形式,利用边界函数法和L2干扰抑制控制方法设计了发电机励磁和SSSC的协调控制器。四机两区域系统的仿真结果表明:与传统的分散控制器相比,所提的非线性协调控制器能够有效地提高系统的暂态稳定性和电压调节性能。     

电力系统鲁棒非线性控制研究

本文结合状态反馈精确线性化方法和线性Ｈ∞控制理论提出了一种新的鲁棒非线性控制器的设计方法，依据这种方法设计了电力系统的鲁棒非线性控制器（励磁控制器和汽轮机调速），并就其特性及作用给予了讨论。     

Passivity‐based parameterized adaptive disturbance attenuation controller design for switched polynomial nonlinear systems

This paper is concerned with the adaptive disturbance attenuation control problem for a class of switched polynomial nonlinear systems. At first, a parameterized controller is designed to transform the switched polynomial nonlinear systems into switched Hamiltonian systems with polynomial structure. Then, combining with the solve‐parameter algorithm described in this paper, a mixed adaptive passivity and H₂/H_∞ control method is devoted. Comparing with the existing results, the obtained adaptive disturbance attenuation controller has better performance. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods.