可再生能源,未来能源之星

可再生能源是清洁能源,是自然界中可以不断再生、永续利用、取之不尽、用之不竭的资源.一旦建成,不必再有原料的投入.它对环境无害或危害极小,而且资源分布广泛,适宜就地开发利用.可再生能源主要包括太阳能、风能、水能、生物质能、地热能和海洋能等.对太阳能、风能、水能、生物质能、地热能和海洋能等可再生能源概念、特点、能源利用历史、现状和未来发展进行了综述,从而得出结论:有了可再生能源,我们的文明方有永续的可能.     

Seeking energy equity through energy storage

Numerous states have adopted legislation and policy measures aimed at achieving greater equity across essential energy services on which underserved communities rely to meet basic needs. Equity is highlighted in the Biden-Harris January 2021 Executive Order No. 13,985, “Advancing Racial Equity and Support for Underserved Communities” (Exec. Order (2021)). When applied to the energy & utilities sector, ”energy equity” refers to the condition in which energy is provided to all in a consistent and systematically fair, just, and impartial manner regardless of race, geography, social standing, or economic position.Following this definition, energy equity is fundamental to healthy and prosperous social and economic systems, and contributes to regional and national security and stability. Data show that underserved populations generally suffer disproportionately from power outages, high energy prices, and polluting energy generation facilities. Numerous policy measures that include energy storage (i.e., residential, commercial, and utility scale batteries, and other technologies) can help provide energy equity to all populations. These policy measures address procurement mandates, replacement of peaker units, financial incentives, ownership policies and community projects, integrated resource planning and pilot programs, resilience, and long duration energy storage.     

能源互联网供能质量综合评估

由于现有算法的限制和约束,面向电力系统的电能质量评估方法不适用于含多种分布式能源的能源互联网。为了得到能源互联网综合质量情况,需要提出面向多种分布式能源的综合评估方法。基于国家电能质量、室内空气质量和污染物排放标准,提出了将动态权重函数、二维惩罚函数、突变决策理论和自组织特征映射网络用于能源互联网供能质量综合评估的应用思路。最后,采用2个算例验证了所提方法的有效性,并得到了能源互联网供能质量的综合指标数值和等级评估结果。     

In-depth energy - The energy drain of idleness

Last month, Britain's Energy Saving Trust published a report, 'The Ampere Strikes Back', claiming that by 2020 a staggering 45 per cent of domestic electricity consumption would be down to gadgets in the home. To reach its estimate, the trust excluded heating, which dominates domestic energy consumption. The basis for the trust's calculation came from a report published by the UK government's Market Transformation Programme (MTP). However, analysts and industry insiders said most consumer-electronics companies now see energy efficiency as a major selling point and are working to cut electricity consumption.     

能源互联网供能质量综合评估

由于现有算法的限制和约束,面向电力系统的电能质量评估方法不适用于含多种分布式能源的能源互联网。为了得到能源互联网综合质量情况,需要提出面向多种分布式能源的综合评估方法。基于国家电能质量、室内空气质量和污染物排放标准,提出了将动态权重函数、二维惩罚函数、突变决策理论和自组织特征映射网络用于能源互联网供能质量综合评估的应用思路。最后,采用2个算例验证了所提方法的有效性,并得到了能源互联网供能质量的综合指标数值和等级评估结果。     

能源互联网供能质量综合评估

由于现有算法的限制和约束,面向电力系统的电能质量评估方法不适用于含多种分布式能源的能源互联网。为了得到能源互联网综合质量情况,需要提出面向多种分布式能源的综合评估方法。基于国家电能质量、室内空气质量和污染物排放标准,提出了将动态权重函数、二维惩罚函数、突变决策理论和自组织特征映射网络用于能源互联网供能质量综合评估的应用思路。最后,采用2个算例验证了所提方法的有效性,并得到了能源互联网供能质量的综合指标数值和等级评估结果。     

能源互联网供能质量综合评估

由于现有算法的限制和约束,面向电力系统的电能质量评估方法不适用于含多种分布式能源的能源互联网。为了得到能源互联网综合质量情况,需要提出面向多种分布式能源的综合评估方法。基于国家电能质量、室内空气质量和污染物排放标准,提出了将动态权重函数、二维惩罚函数、突变决策理论和自组织特征映射网络用于能源互联网供能质量综合评估的应用思路。最后,采用2个算例验证了所提方法的有效性,并得到了能源互联网供能质量的综合指标数值和等级评估结果。     

单相级联准Z源逆变器有限集模型预测控制

以单相级联准Z源逆变器(quasi-Z-Source Cascaded Multilevel Inverter,qZS-CMI)为研究对象,以提高动态响应速度和降低开关频率为研究目标,提出一种优化有限集模型预测控制策略。首先,在分析不同工作状态对qZS-CMI状态变量的影响后,建立其离散时间模型。其次,以MPPT作为输入电流参考,根据所建立的离散时间模型,对准Z源网络的输入电流、输出电容电压、负载电流进行预测,并引入评价函数中,实现qZS-CMI系统的多变量综合协同控制。然后,将平均开关切换次数引入评价函数,优化系统的开关损耗。通过所提模型预测控制方法,无需输出电流控制环和直流侧电压控制环,降低了控制参数的调节难度,提高了系统的动态响应速度。最后,通过建立仿真模型验证了所提算法的有效性和正确性。     

节能新技术——太阳能LED照明

目前，人类面临绿色能源和可持续发展两大课题，新能源的开发、对现有能源的充分合理利用也引起了各国政府的极大重视。集合了新一代能源和新一代光源优点的太阳能半导体照明系统以前所未有的速度发展，引领我们进入一个绿色节能的新时代。[编者按]     

节能环保非晶变压器

前言 因能源资源具有无法重复使用及消耗后不能再生的特性,所以能源资源只会愈来愈少,这就导致电价愈来愈高。且因全球二氧化碳排放愈来愈高,形成的温室效应使全球气候异常．气候反常对人类的影响也日趋明显。     

上海节能降耗与提高能源经济效率分析

在对正确认识上海节能降耗形势与正确估计上海能源经济效率地位的基础上,提出对上海实行化石能源消费总量控制的一些原则与建议,为上海可持续发展及科学决策提供参考依据。     

考虑热能动态平衡的含氢储能的综合能源系统热电优化

在综合能源系统中,电力系统和热力系统通过热电联产机组、电锅炉等装置耦合,对系统内电能和热能进行协调管理,可提高系统的运行灵活性,为系统消纳可再生能源提供新途径。为此,提出了一种考虑热能动态平衡的含氢储能的综合能源系统热电优化模型。首先,建立氢能系统模型,对系统内电解槽、氢燃料电池等设备进行精细化建模,挖掘氢能的利用潜力,提高了系统的运行经济性。然后,基于用户对室温要求的模糊性,引入热功率松弛项使热能保持动态平衡,提高了系统设备出力的灵活性。最后,以综合能源系统运行成本最低为目标函数,以能量平衡、网络安全为约束条件,建立综合能源系统热电优化模型。仿真结果表明,所提模型可在满足用户用能需要的同时降低系统的运行成本,提高风电消纳水平。     

微电网储能电源的选择及混合应用

储能技术是微电网的重要组成部分,结合我国实际情况阐述了储能技术在微电网中的作用及常用的储能技术原理、应用前景.讨论了适用于微网的储能方式、超级电容器与铅酸蓄电池、锂蓄电池混合应用.随着储能技术朝储能方式混合化、环境友好方向发展,微电网与混合储能技术的有机结合将大大提高系统的能源利用率和经济性,提高系统效率及稳定性.     

Development prospects of wind energy in the Russian energy complex

This study examines the development prospects of wind energy in the Russian energy complex. At present, the wind energy potential of Russia is huge, so any wind power plants, both large and small, are an alternative industry of the state's energy, which is quite extensive. The purpose of this study is to identify promising areas for the development of power plants that use wind energy in their work in Russia, as well as specific measures for the development of these areas. The leading approach in this study is a combination of a systematic analysis of the main development aspects of wind energy in Russia as a separate energy industry with an analytical study of the current development prospects of this industry. The main results of this study are an analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of wind power plants regarding the prospects for their implementation in the Russian energy complex and a numerical assessment of the introduction results of this energy source. The prospects for further research in this area are determined by the increasing need of the Russian economy in the development and practical application of alternative energy sources, one of which is wind, as well as the availability of this energy source and its environmental safety. The applied value of this study lies in the possibility of the practical application of the obtained results in order to accelerate the processes of introducing wind energy into the Russian energy system.     

含分布式供能设备的综合能源系统规划评价

综合能源系统作为能源领域发展趋势,对其进行综合评估,在规划阶段进行方案优选,保证最大化能源利用效率以及供能系统安全稳定运行,具有至关重要的意义。本文从可靠性、经济性、环保性角度出发,以热电联供系统为例,综合考虑电网、热网特性建立了综合能源系统评价体系。鉴于评价指标量纲不同以及指标优劣的模糊性,采用模糊综合评价法对指标进行模糊变换,通过反熵权法确定权重,针对不同的用户供能设备配置方案,将评价矩阵转换为综合评分。通过算例验证了本文所提评价体系的可行性和有效性,并给出了不同设备的配置建议。结果表明,小型燃气锅炉不宜在热电联供系统中进行配置,分布式光伏和电热水锅炉可显著提升系统性能,并且提升的幅度存在边际效应。     

电子式电度表与感应式电度表的比较

介绍了国内研制生产的单、三相电子式电度表的使用情况以及感应式电度表的性能、功能,并分析比较了两种表的经济效益。有助于使用者详细了解电子式与感应式电度表的实际运行情况。     

Optimal use of energy storage systems with renewable energy sources

This article proposes a multi-period optimization to study the technical and economic effects of the placement and use of Renewable Energy Sources (RES) and Energy Storage Systems (ESS) in an electrical network. As the RES penetrations increase, their inherent variability affects the actual amounts of energy dispatched, their contribution to decrease emissions of pollutants and greenhouse gases, and the overall welfare effects they may have. Moreover, to better harness the energy from renewable sources, both new methodologies and technologies need to be adopted, counteracting the variability and uncertainty of these sources. A possible solution to the challenges of RES adoption is the coupling to energy storage sources, either as dedicated facilities on the supply side, or supporting the accommodation of loads to the available generation on the demand side. This paper suggests an algorithm for network dispatch, aimed at answering some of fundamental changes in the way the system is managed and discusses analytical characteristics of the optimal solution.The proposed methodology is applied to a case study. Four scenarios are analyzed in their dispatches, estimating the welfare effects on the participants in the wholesale market for a modified IEEE 30-bus network with wind energy as the RES in penetrations close to 15%. The policy implications from the results obtained prove that, first, ESS can decrease the ramping necessary for load following, but not necessarily increase the amount of wind energy used, and second, congestion patterns in the electrical network play a crucial role in the final effectiveness of the RES and ESS. These are important insights into an ongoing debate on how to direct storage and renewable energy investments for a low carbon economy.     

能源互联网下的数据中心能量管理综述

数据中心在大数据时代扮演重要角色,随着数据中心的持续铺开建设,其高能耗问题日益凸显,能量管理由此成为了数据中心产业关注的焦点。在能源互联网环境下,数据中心将会拥有更多样化的供能选择,可以发掘更灵活高效的能量管理方式,其仅依靠电能的能量管理模式将发生根本性变革。从能源互联网视角出发,对数据中心能量管理相关研究和实践进行了综述。首先梳理了数据中心的结构层次与设备组成,总结了数据中心的能耗结构、能量效率和能耗模型;然后在此基础上深入分析了数据中心在能源互联网背景下的能量管理方法,并总结了国内外相关的数据中心项目实践;最后探讨了未来实现能源互联网背景下数据中心能量管理的挑战和难点。     

The role of energy efficiency in a distributed energy future

Many state regulatory commissions are engaged in proceedings to modernize the electric grid. These proceedings include a heavy focus on updating system planning processes to reflect growth in distributed generation and other technological advances. This essay examines current distribution system and distributed resource planning. We analyze how states are incorporating energy efficiency into these plans, focusing on states that are actively using efficiency as a resource.     

含风光储能源-储-荷规划与运行调控策略

源-荷随机波动性及储能电池并网容量是影响分布式电源渗透率的主要原因。综合考虑稳定性、经济性及环保性因素,建立源-储-荷多目标优化模型。利用概率潮流模拟风光出力的不确定性,并采用基于拉丁超立方采样的蒙特卡罗方法进行计算。针对该模型的多目标多约束求解问题,采用改进花授粉算法进行优化。通过引入授粉加速度因子及遗传自适应因子改善其搜索效率及寻优能力。通过仿真得到源-储-荷多目标优化规划与运行调控策略,根据优化结果建立电压累计评价指标。结果验证了多目标数学模型及所提方法的正确性及可行性。