双酚A环氧树脂/脂环族环氧树脂的共混改性研究

通过脂环族环氧树脂改性双酚A环氧制得共混改性体系,采用TGA、DMA和SEM等手段对改性体系的力学性能、热性能和电气性能进行分析。结果表明:加入适当脂环族环氧树脂可以改善体系的弯曲性能、冲击性能、耐热性能、耐电弧和耐电痕化性能。当脂环族环氧树脂添加量为10份时,体系的力学性能最佳,弯曲强度提高了10%,拉伸强度提高了6.67%,冲击强度提高了4.35%。     

功能化碳纳米管/环氧树脂复合材料性能研究

采用羧基功能化碳纳米管(C–MWNTs)和环氧基功能化碳纳米管(E–MWNTs)改性环氧树脂。利用扫描电子显微镜观察碳纳米管功能化前后的形貌变化,分析碳纳米管/环氧树脂纳米复合材料的冲击断面形貌,测试了复合材料的力学性能和介电性能。结果表明:环氧基功能化碳纳米管与环氧树脂基体作用力更强,当E–MWNTs和C–MWNTs在复合材料中的掺杂量分别达到1.0wt%和0.7wt%时,E–MWNTs/EP复合材料和C–MWNTs/EP复合材料的冲击强度较未掺杂环氧树脂分别提高了52.2%和39.9%,当碳纳米管掺杂量为0.7wt%时,两体系的弯曲强度与未掺杂环氧相比分别提高了35%和26%。探讨了碳纳米管增韧环氧树脂的机理。不同方法处理的碳纳米管对环氧树脂复合材料的介电常数和介电损耗影响程度不同。     

偶联剂处理方式对SiO_2/环氧树脂纳米复合材料性能的影响

在甲苯溶剂中通过预先接枝在SiO_2粒子上的硅烷偶联剂二次接枝环氧链段的方法,制备了接枝环氧链段的SiO_2粒子。采用不同偶联剂处理方式制备了3种SiO_2添加量为1份的SiO_2/环氧树脂纳米复合材料,对纳米粒子进行了红外光谱(FT-IR)、热重分析(TGA)和透射电镜(TEM)表征,测试了复合材料的热力学性能及介电性能。结果表明:偶联剂可起到桥接作用,将环氧链段接枝到SiO_2粒子上,改善了纳米粒子的团聚现象。接枝后的SiO_2粒子表面与树脂基体有良好的相容性。接枝改性后的SiO_2/环氧树脂复合材料的储能模量大幅提高,冲击强度提高了11.9%,玻璃化转变温度变化不大,SiO_2对复合材料的复介电常数实部和虚部有不同程度的影响。相比不使用偶联剂或直接在复合体系中添加偶联剂的方法,通过偶联剂在SiO_2粒子表面接枝环氧树脂能有效降低复合材料复介电常数的实部和虚部。     

聚苯乙烯/纳米碳化硅晶须复合材料的制备

采用钛酸酯偶联剂(NDZ-105)对纳米β-碳化硅晶须(β-SiCw)进行表面改性处理,通过粉末共混-模压成型制备PS/SiCw纳米复合材料。探讨了SiCw用量和NDZ-105处理对复合材料力学、耐热性和介电性能的影响。结果表明,复合材料的力学性能随SiCw用量的增加而提高,当SiCw的质量分数为3%时,综合力学性能最佳;表面改性有助于进一步提高材料的力学性能;热失重分析表明SiCw的加入使PS的耐热性提高;介电性能分析表明复合材料的介电常数随SiC用量的增加而增加。     

EPGM305环氧玻璃毡层压板的研制

采用耐热改性剂对环氧树脂进行改进,分别选用A、B、C 3种不同类型的短切玻璃毡制备环氧玻璃毡层压板,并对其力学性能及电气性能进行测试和分析。结果表明:经改性环氧树脂制备的环氧玻璃毡板的耐热性能显著提高,其中使用A型短切玻璃毡制备的改性环氧玻璃毡层压板的综合性能较好,满足IEC标准中EPGM305玻璃毡板技术指标的要求,达到H级耐热等级,并与国外同类产品的技术水平相当。     

环氧液晶接枝氧化铝/环氧树脂复合材料的制备与热性能

将支化环氧液晶接枝到氧化铝纳米颗粒表面,再将其加入到环氧树脂中制备成复合材料,并对环氧液晶接枝氧化铝/环氧树脂复合材料的热性能进行研究。结果表明:加入环氧液晶接枝氧化铝纳米颗粒后,环氧树脂复合材料的导热系数从纯环氧树脂的0.16 W/(m·K)提高到BLCE-g-Al2O3含量为30%时的0.238 W/(m·K),增加了48.75%;复合材料的初始储能模量比纯环氧树脂的初始储能模量提高了181 MPa,玻璃化转变温度提高了24℃。随着Al2O3填充量的增加,复合材料的热膨胀系数逐渐减小。     

不同固化体系环氧模塑料的性能研究

以邻甲酚醛环氧树脂(ECN)为基体,分别采用二氨基二苯砜(DDS)、双氰胺(DICY)、线型酚醛树脂(PF)为固化剂,以2-乙基4-甲基咪唑(2,4-EMI)为促进剂,制备了3种不同固化体系的环氧模塑料,研究了3种不同的固化体系对环氧模塑料工艺性能、力学性能、电绝缘性能、动态力学性能、贮存稳定性能的影响。结果表明:不同固化体系对环氧模塑料的工艺性能、动态力学性能和贮存稳定性能有较大影响,对环氧模塑料的冲击强度和电绝缘性能(表面电阻率和体积电阻率)影响不大。PF体系的玻璃化转变温度明显高于DDS体系和DICY体系的玻璃化转变温度。     

衣康酸基环氧树脂和双酚A环氧树脂性能对比研究

为探索环保型生物基环氧树脂在电气领域的应用前景,该文比较了一种生物基树脂——衣康酸基环氧树脂（EIA）与双酚A环氧树脂（DGEBA）在理化参数、热性能、力学性能及电气绝缘性能等方面的优缺点。研究结果表明,EIA与DGEBA的环氧当量接近,同时两种树脂均具有典型的粘-温特性,EIA的流变性能略优于DGEBA,保证了其可加工性;EIA固化体系的玻璃化转变温度和5%热裂解温度略低于DGEBA;EIA固化体系的击穿场强（32.1kV/mm）略低于DGEBA(36.7kV/mm),且泄漏电流高于DGEBA约13.4%,表明EIA的电气绝缘性能稍弱于DGEBA;力学性能测试表明,EIA固化体系的平均抗拉强度和弯曲强度分别比DGEBA低15.3%和28.5%;与此同时,EIA固化体系的吸水率略高于DGEBA,且高温水解能力较强,或将限制其户外应用前景。综上所述,EIA作为基体树脂受交联密度与分子内酯键影响,较双酚A环氧树脂在力学性能、热稳定性、电气强度方面略有不足,耐热性、黏性相近,而在可降解特性、环保性等方面更优异。后期可通过增加交联度以及通过与双酚A等其他类型环氧树脂进行共混以提高其各项性能。     

脂环族共混改性双酚A环氧树脂的热-力-电综合性能研究

为了提高双酚A环氧树脂（DGEBA）的综合性能,采用脂环族环氧树脂共混改性双酚A环氧树脂,并对共混体系的热、力学和电气性能进行综合分析。结果表明：当脂环族环氧树脂2021P的质量分数为10%时,共混体系的热-力-电综合性能较好,相比于纯双酚A环氧树脂,此时共混体系的玻璃化转变温度升高了3.18%,弯曲强度和拉伸强度分别...     

多胶粉云母带胶粘剂的结构与性能分析

本文对大型高压发电机主绝缘用F级粉云母带的粘合剂进行了研究,对其中几种典型的固化体系,如环氧树脂-桐油酸酐-双马来酰亚胺体系、环氧树脂-羧酸盐(苯甲酸铅)体系以及此二者的混合体系的介电性能、力学性能和耐热性能进行了分析,并对有关体系的固化反应作了探讨.研究结果认为体系中引入双马来酰亚胺可提高热变形温度、热态强度和介电性能,双马来酰亚胺在固化中主要是自聚而不是和环氧基共聚.环氧-羧酸盐体系虽然热变形温度和热态强度较高,但高温下介电性能差,耐热老化性能也不好.但如严格控制铅盐的用量,把上述两种体系结合起来还是值得重视的.     

Phase Formation,Dielectric, Ferroelectric and Magnetic Properties of Cr2O3 Doped (Ba0.85Ca0.15)(Ti0.90Zr0.10)O3 Ceramics

Abstract

In this paper, we studied the effect of Cr₂O₃ doping (0–0.8?wt%) on the phase formation, dielectric, ferroelectric and magnetic properties of (Ba_0.85Ca_0.15)(Ti_0.90Zr_0.10)O₃ (BCTZ) ceramics prepared by the solid state combustion method. All samples were prepared with a calcined and sintered temperature of 1050?°C and 1450?°C, respectively, for 2?h. The results of the XRD patterns showed the coexistence between the tetragonal (T) and orthorhombic (O) phases for all samples, and the tetragonal phase increased with increasing amounts of Cr₂O₃. The dielectric constant decreased when Cr₂O₃ increased. The P-E hysteresis loops of the BCTZ ceramics doped with Cr₂O₃ between 0 and 0.2?wt% showed slim and saturated loops. By increasing Cr₂O₃ doping from 0.4 to 0.8?wt%, the P-E loops were unsaturated and a leakage current was produced. The undoped BCTZ ceramics exhibited diamagnetic behavior. The sample with 0.2?wt% Cr₂O₃ showed ferromagnetic behavior. Increasing Cr₂O₃ doping from 0.4 to 0.8?wt%, caused the ceramics to exhibit paramagnetic behavior. Doping with Cr₂O₃ led to improper ratios between the tetragonal and orthorhombic phases, decreased density and increased porosity which caused a decrease in the electric properties.     

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NICKEL FERRITE-BARIUM TITANATE CERAMIC COMPOSITES

ABSTRACT

Magnetoelectric composites were synthesized from piezoelectric BaTiO₃ and ferrimagnetic NiFe₂O₄. These two phases are mixed, mechanically milled and heat treated. A characterization is made by means of electronic microscopy and x-ray diffraction. The results of the magnetic, electric, ferroelectric and piezoelectrical response of two different compositions are obtained. The composites are superparamagnetic in all the measured temperature range. It was observe a magnetic change induced by a structural transition of the ferroelectric phase. The composites behaves as an acceptable mechanical resonator when the content of the ferroelectric phase is equal or greater than 60 wt.%.     

Effect of Rare Earth Europium Substitution on the Microstructure,Dielectric, Ferroelectric and Pyroelectric Properties of PZT Ceramics

Polycrystalline samples of Europium modified lead Zirconate titanate (Pb_{1 – x} Eu_x)(Zr_0.55Ti_0.45)_{(1 – x/4)}O₃ with x = 0.00, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06 has been prepared by mixed oxide (MO) method at sintering temperature of 1250C. The structural characterization of the samples investigated by X-ray diffraction technique exhibit tetragonal structure. PEZT (2/55/45) ceramics show single perovskite phase. Scanning electron micrographs depict uniform, densely packed structure. Dielectric, Pyroelectric and Ferroelectric studies have been performed and are reported and discussed in this paper. PEZT (2/55/45) show good current responsivity (F_i), voltage responsivity (F_v) and detectivity (F_d), in comparison to other compositions under study. Moreover its ferroelectric properties (high remanent polarization with low coercive field) make it suitable material for nonvolatile memory applications.     

Fabrication and electrical properties of PC-PNZT-PVDF-GO composites

The objectives of this research are to fabricate and investigate new smart composites for the sensing and actuation applications in civil engineering. The fabrication and properties of cement-based piezoelectric ceramic composites are emphasized. However, cement-based piezoelectric composites are still difficult to obtain great electrical properties due to the evidence of some pores in the composites. Therefore, a novel approach to effectively improve their polarization of piezoelectric ceramic is to add a semiconductor (graphene oxide) and an insulator (polyvinylidene fluoride) phases between piezoelectric particles by the introduction of a small volume fraction of a third phase. Microstructure of the new composites was investigated using Scanning electron microscope (SEM). Dielectric permittivity and ferroelectric properties were then investigated.     

Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)0.97Ti0.03O3 Ferroelectric Thin Films, Deposited by Laser Ablation on TiN Bottom Electrodes

Pb(Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)_0.97Ti_0.03O₃ (PMNT) polycrystalline thin films were deposited on Titanium Nitride electrode at different temperatures by laser ablation, using a wavelength of 248 nm. The morphology of the films was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The nature of the ferroelectric layer-electrode interface is studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) as well as the effect of its characteristics in the performance of the multilayer system. The influence of the annealing temperature on the dielectric properties was studied by hysteresis and fatigue measurements.     

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SB-SUBSTITUTED (K0.5Na0.5)NbO3 PIEZOELECTRIC CERAMICS

ABSTRACT

Lead-free piezoelectric ceramics (K_0.5Na_0.5)(Nb_1-xSb_x)O₃+0.5 mol.%MnO₂, where x = 0 ÷ 0.10, with single phase structure and rhombohedral symmetry at room temperature were prepared by conventional ceramic technology. The optimal sintering temperatures of compositions were within 1100°–1140°C. MnO₂ functions as a sintering aid and effectively improves the densification. The samples reached density from 4.26 g/cm³ for undoped (K_0.5Na_0.5)NbO₃ to 4.40 g/cm³ for Mn/Sb⁵⁺ co-doped ceramics. The co-effects of MnO₂ doping and Sb⁵⁺ substitution lead to significant improvement in dielectric and piezoelectric properties: ε at the T_c increased from 6000 (KNN) to 12400 (x = 0.04), d₃₃ = 92 ÷ 192 pC/N, k_p = 0.32 ÷ 0.46, k_t = 0.34 ÷ 0.48.     

平衡态与非平衡态等离子体物性参数计算模型研究

等离子体的宏观特性和内部微观过程紧密联系在一起。研究等离子体粒子组分构成以及对组分有强烈依赖关系的热力学参数、输运参数等物性参数,将为深入了解等离子体的形成机理奠定微观理论基础。笔者从元素化学计量守恒、道尔顿分压定律、质量作用定律、等离子体电荷准中性条件出发,总结了计算平衡态和非平衡态等离子体化学组分的基本方法。在此基础上,介绍了等离子体热力学参数(质量密度、焓值、熵值与比热)和输运参数的计算方法,并阐述了目前等离子体物性参数计算研究中存在的主要问题。     

Study of the structure and electrical properties of PMN-PNN-PT ceramics near the morphotropic phase boundary

A series of Pb(Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃-Pb(Ni_1/3Nb_2/3)-O₃-PbTiO₃ (PMN-PNN-PT) ceramics with compositions of (1–x)(0.67PMN-0.33PT)-x(0.64PNN-0.36PT) (x = 0.1–0.9) were synthesized using the columbite precursor method. The phase structures, as well as the dielectric and piezoelectric properties of the ceramics were investigated in detail. X-ray diffraction results demonstrate that all the samples possess a pure perovskite structure. It is found that the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) region of the PMN-PNN-PT ternary system is located near the line connecting the MPBs of the PMN-PT and PNN-PT binary systems. A high value of the maximum dielectric constant (ɛ_m = 45540, at 1 kHz), together with a high value of the piezoelectric coefficient (d₃₃ = 780 pC/N), were obtained for the composition x = 0.2. The results show that a partial substitution of PNN-PT for PMN-PT can lead to improved electrical properties in this ternary system.     

Effect of Gd doping on crystalline orientation,structural and electric properties of PZT thin films prepared by Sol-Gel methods

Gadolinium (Gd)-doped lead zirconium titanate (PGZT) thin films have been prepared by Sol-Gel methods to investigate the effects of Gd doping on crystalline orientation, structural and electric properties of lead zirconium titanate (PZT) films according to doping concentration from 0% to 5%. Conventional heat process and appropriate doping concentration, without introducing a single crystal seed layer, were used for obtaining (100)-oriented PGZT thin films with dense columnar structures. The maximum dielectric constant (1310.35 at 100 Hz) and the optimum ferroelectric properties were obtained for 2% Gd-doped film. 1% Gd-doped PZT film exhibited excellent piezoelectric properties.     

国产耐热导线的机电性能研究

耐热铝合金导线是一种能够大幅度提高载流量的新型导线.在输电线路上推广应用普通耐热铝合金导线,具有显著的经济效益和社会效益。近年来国产普通耐热铝合金导线的大量试验数据表明,国内部分厂家生产的普通耐热铝合金导线的主要机械和电气性能,已达到或超过进口产品的水平,为我国电网大规模地采用国产耐热导线奠定了基础。