A new extraction process of refractory gold arsenosulfide concentrates

A new hydrometallurgical process for the refractory gold arsenosulfide concentrates under normal temperature and pressure was presented. The experimental results of a refractory gold concentrate show that the total consumption of NaOH in alkaline leaching is only 40% of those theoretically calculated under the conditions of full oxidization at the same oxidation of arsenic to ar-senate and sulfur to sulfate. After alkaline leaching, cyanidation and adsorption were carried out for 24 h. The dissolution of gold by NaCN is increased to 95.3% from 12.8% before pretreatment, and meanwhile 99.3% of the adsorption of gold by activated charcoal. The consumption of NaCN for one ton ore is 10 kg, which is 1.2 times less than that before pretreatment. As it is carried out under normal temperature and pressure, the investment of installations is also decreased.     

高砷金矿浮选除砷研究

介绍毒砂和含金黄铁矿浮选分离的方法及其抑制剂和捕收剂研究，叙述了国内外含砷金矿的研究概况。     

ONE-STEP LEACHING OF SOME REFRACTORY GOLD CONCENTRATECONTAINING ARSENIC AND THEORY ANALYSIS

Withlarge--scaleexploitationoftheeasy--toseparateandextractgoldore,theresourcesarebecomingexhausted,whichpressespeopletoexploitandutilizerefractorygoldore.FeAsSandFeS,aremajorsulfidemineralofgoldcarrier,inwhichgoldismaceratedintheformofmicro--particle.Itisdifficulttoseparategoldtomonomersbyfinegrinding.Thiskindofgoldoreisatypicallyrefractoryore.Furthermore,FeAsSandFeS,,especiallyFeS,,aresuchstablesulfidemineralsthatsomeextremetreatment(suchashigh--temperature,high--pressureandacuteoxidant…     

Pretreatment of copper-bearing refractory gold ores by bio-heap leaching

The refractory gold ores associated with rich copper and trapped in pyrite and quartz were studied. With conventional technique （all-sliming cyanidation）, the gold recovery rate is only 51.78%. To eliminate the negative effects of copper and pyrite on cyanidation and increase the gold recovery rate, the investigation on bio-heap leaching pretreatment was made, by which Cu would be dissolved and gold would be liberated from pyrite. The experiment adopted mixed bacteria, mainly ThiobaciUus ferrooxidan （named T.fl ）, as the bacterial catalyst for bio-preconditioning and was carried out in a PVC column with a diameter of 20 cm and a height of 1.3 m loaded with gold ores. The temperature was controlled between 28 and 30℃, the pH value was kept between 2.0-2.5, and the flux of sprinkling bacterial liquid was maintained 0.80 L/h. After 45-day＇s bio-oxidization, among the samples sizing from 0 to 5 mm, the oxidation rates of Cu, Fe and S were respectively 44.62%, 28.16% and 25.46%, and the gold recovery rate by cyaniding increased to 80.35%. The bio-heap leaching pretreatment can therefore effectively dissolve Cu and liberate gold from pyrite and lead to the increase of gold extraction.     

超显微金矿物的电子显微分析

本文应用EPMA、SEM/EDX,TEM/EDX等分析技术对卡林型金矿中超微金的赋存状态进行了研究,并对这些分析技术及其对金矿的测量方法的特点进行了讨论。通过对金赋存状态的电子显微分析,揭示出所谓“不可见金”是由一系列超微金颗粒(大约3mm至几μm)所组成,它们被包裹于黄铁矿、含砷黄铁矿中,并首次观察到3nm的超微金矿物,这为人们正确评价超微金的赋存状态提供了重要依据。     

硫脲法从废旧电路板中浸取金、银的研究

废旧电路板中含有丰富的可回收金属Cu,Au,Ag,Pt,Pb等,其处理处置、无害化、资源化成为经济发展中急需解决的问题。采用硫脲法对废旧电路板中的金、银进行浸取实验,主要考察了反应时间、反应温度、硫脲浓度、Fe3＋的质量浓度、物料粒度对金及银浸出率的影响。结果表明,在最佳浸取条件下,金、银都能达到理想的浸取效果,金和银的最高浸取率分别达到90.87%和59.82%。硫脲提金法因溶金速度快,浸出时低毒、价格低廉、高效、有利于环保、干扰离子少等优点而成为取代氰化提金的绿色浸金方法。     

废旧印刷线路板两步浸出有价金属

为回收废旧印刷线路板中的有价金属,采用两步浸出的方法对其进行处理.先用双氧水-硫酸浸出贱金属,再用王水浸出贱金属浸出渣中的金.10 g废旧印刷线路板贱金属最佳浸出条件为双氧水20 mL,固液比1:5,硫酸浓度5 mol/L,反应温度60℃,反应时间90 min,原料溶损率达90.0%;金最佳浸出条件为反应温度40℃,反应时间30 min,浸出率达97.5%,研究证明两步浸出法能有效处理废旧印刷线路板,金溶出过程受扩散控制。     

矿浆电解法浸出多金属硫化矿中银的工艺条件探讨

在研究矿浆电解法浸出广西某大型含银多金属硫化矿中银的浸出速率变化规律基础上,根据国内外文献资料,总结出银的浸出率与矿粉中银的赋存形式的关系。银在银黝铜矿和在难分解的黄铁矿中的分配率是决定矿粉磨细粒径、电解面积电流、电解时间的最重要因素.在分配率很低时,可采取低电流密度电解,如100~150 A/m2,银的浸出率≥95%;在分配率较高时,采用低电流密度电解,因银黝铜矿及黄铁矿中的银难以浸出,所以银浸出率较低;在分配率小于≤10%时,可采用中等电流密度300~400 A/m2,同时矿粉的磨细程度要保证银矿物晶体部分或全部暴露在黄铁矿晶粒表面,适当增加电解时间,银的浸出率可超过90%.     

铁改性锰矿对砷的吸附性能研究

研究了影响铁改性锰矿除砷效果的各种因素,并对改性前后锰矿的吸附等温线进行了研究。结果表明,铁改性的最佳浓度为20g/L。在改性锰矿投加量为0.100 0g、反应温度为20℃、反应时间为60min、pH为3.0的条件下,对质量浓度为200μg/L的含砷水样,改性锰矿对As(Ⅴ)的去除率高达98.34%,而对As(Ⅲ)的去除率只有85.11%。水中Ca2+、Fe3+有增强砷的去除效果的趋势;SiO23-、CO23-和HCO3-能明显降低其去除效果。正交实验表明,SiO23-对改性锰矿除砷效果的影响大于CO23-,反应温度和时间对其影响则较小。改性前后锰矿的吸附等温线表明,在反应温度为20℃、改性锰矿投加量为0.100 0g的条件下,改性锰矿对As(Ⅴ)和As(Ⅲ)的饱和吸附量分别为1.701 5mg/g和2.112 0mg/g,分别比改性前提高了96.77%、87.23%。     

金活动态测量法在红壤区与 干旱黄土区找矿中的应用

用金属活动态提取法在广西与山西黄土区进行试验研究,发现在山西黄土区,利用金的水提取态含量偏 低,异常不明显,而金的粘土结合态、有机物结合态和铁锰氧化物结合态异常清晰地反映在矿体上方;而在雨量 充沛的广西红壤区,金的水提取态和铁锰氧化物结合态异常较好,而粘土结合态金异常效果不太理想。研究结 果表明在这两个地区应用金属活动态测量法进行找矿研究时,可以对其提取有利的相态来进行靶位确定。     

金泥处理新工艺的研究

针对某金矿厂金泥生产过程中存在的问题：坩埚使用寿命低，熔炼产品合金中金银品位低及渣含金高，金收率低等，提出了金泥酸浸除锌、浸渣再熔炼，一步获得金银合金的新工艺。同时研究了硫酸加入量、浸出时间对锌浸出率的影响。试验结果表明，采用该新工艺不仅能消除锌对熔炼过程的危害，延长坩埚使用寿命，而且可将锌回收，当硫酸加入量为理论量１５％￣１７％，浸出时间不少于８０ｍｉｎ，固液比１：３时，锌浸出率≮９５％。含金浸     

从难选金矿中回收金,铜

为了从多金属复杂难选金矿中综合回收金、铜等有价元素 ,采用氧化强化浮选工艺 ,在原矿 w(Cu) =1 .0 9%、w(Au) =3 .92 g/ t的情况下 ,充气氧化时间为 1 0 min时 ,可较好地实现铜硫分离 ,可获得铜品位1 5 .1 1 %、回收率 77.48%～ 77.72 % ,含金 3 6.3 5～ 3 8.42 g/ t、回收率 5 9.0 0 %～ 62 .3 5 %的合格铜精矿 .     

含铟锌渣浸出和萃取铟的研究

湿法炼锌产出的锌渣含铟达700~850 g/t,采用两段酸浸,铟的浸出率可达90%以上,并提出了酸浸的工艺流程和最佳浸出条件.分别对酸液和有机相采用三级逆流萃取和反萃,铟的萃取率和反萃率分别达98.5%和99%以上,并提出了最佳萃取和反萃条件.     

金属活动态提取法及其在黑龙江 大兴安岭森林覆盖区的应用

介绍了金属活动态的理论依据、成晕机制及提取方法,并应用金属活动态提取法在大兴安岭原始森林 覆盖区对已知矿进行试验研究,发现在高寒森林覆盖区,利用金的水提取态异常强度低,异常不明显,而金的粘 土结合态和铁锰氧化物结合态异常清晰地反映在矿体上方,异常强度居于中等。金的有机质结合态异常值虽然 高,但容易受有机质在样品中颗粒大小等因素的影响而使异常出现多个峰值。总之,利用金属活动态提取法在 高寒森林覆盖区进行找矿可以快速有效地确定异常,但要注意排除过多有机杂质在提取过程中的影响。     

难处理金矿浸出预处理过程的FeS2-FeAsS-H2O系电位-pH图

难处理金矿中,金为微细浸染型嵌布在黄铁矿和毒砂的晶格中而不能被充分浸出.本文通过热力学计算绘制了298.15KFeS2-FeAsS-H2O系的电位-pH图,由图可知黄铁矿和毒砂均可以被O2等氧化剂分解.FeAsS的稳定区完全包含在FeS2的稳定区范围内,说明在酸性条件下毒砂比黄铁矿的稳定性差,更容易被分解.当电位及酸度较高时,黄铁矿及毒砂中的硫以稳定的HSO4-、SO42-形式存在,而砷以H3AsO4的形式存在,表明预处理过程能够将包裹在金表面的硫化矿物解离脱除.热力学计算的结果为难处理金矿的浸出预处理过程提供了理论依据.     

氯化浸出铅阳极泥回收金的研究

试验对湿法处理铅阳极泥回收金进行了研疣．实验结果表明：铜的浸出是酸浸除杂的主要影响因素,在温度为65℃,盐酸浓度为2．9moL／L,氯化钠浓度为1．3mol／L,硫酸浓度为0．3mol／L时,铜的浸出率达到92．03％,杂质能有效去除．在氯化浸金的过程中,温度与氯酸钠的用量对金的浸出率影响最大．随着两者的增加,金的浸出率将明显地增加．当温度大于80℃,氯酸钠用量大于料重的12．5％,硫酸浓度为1．5mol／L时,金的浸出率大于98％．     

Oxygen pressure acid leaching of Gacun complex Cu concentrates

The treatment of the Gacun complex Cu concentrate with high contents of Pb, Zn, Ag, etc by oxygen pressure acid leaching was studied. It is unusual that tetrahedrite, whose treatment was rarely studied, is the primary copper mineral of the concentrates. Most of silver also occurs in the mineral. The optimum operating parameters of oxygen pressure acid leaching were established by conditional tests. Pilot scale test was carried out under the parameters, and the leaching rates of copper and zinc are as high as 97.10% and 89.83% while lead and silver are transformed into sulfate and sulfide respectively and stay in leaching residue. The copper and zinc in lixivium were reclaimed by extraction-electrowinning and purification-electrowinning, respectively, and the lead and silver in the residue were reclaimed separately by chloride leaching and thiourea leaching. The extraction rate of copper achieves 96%, and the leaching rates of lead and silver reach 90% and 95%, respectively.     

用氰化法浸取炼银炉炉渣中的金银

对某地炼银炉渣氰化浸出金银进行了较系统的研究，考察了几种不同预处理方法对续后氰化浸取的影响．找到了适宜于该炉渣特点的技术关键：采用加剂焙烧一Ｈ２Ｏ２氧化一氰化浸出的工艺，可使金、银的浸出率分别达７９．１３％和５５．７３％，而传统氰化效果很差，单经加剂焙烧或Ｈ２Ｏ２氧化或加压等预处理后，金、银的浸出率有所提高，但指标不令人满意．     

冶炼废水处理污泥中金的浸出过程动力学

有色冶炼废水处理污泥中含有7.70 g/t的金和90.30 g/t的银,从污泥中提取金、银等有价金属,不仅可以减小污泥对环境的危害,还能较好地避免资源浪费.以硫氰酸铵为浸出剂对除砷后的二次污泥进行了浸金研究,并采用未反应核收缩模型对浸金过程的表观动力学进行了探讨,通过尝试法确定了浸出过程的控制步骤.结果表明,搅拌强度为250 r/min时,该浸出过程受固体产物层扩散控制,其动力学方程为1-2η/3-(1-η)2/3=kDt,反应扩散系数为D’=10.807 exp(-9 855/RT),cm5.359 4mol-1.119 8s-1,表观活化能为9.855kJ/mol.     

由龙头汪金矿硫精砂中综合回收金银铜的研究

研究探讨了从硫精矿中综合回收金银铜的途径．确定了最易实现工业化的浮选流程。在原硫精矿害Cu、Au、Ag、S分别为0．67%、5．01g／t、17．23g／t、35．17%的情况下，经氧化浮选后，可获得铜金精矿；βCu=15．59％．βAu=112g／t．βAg=210g／t，εCu=77．74%，εAu=40.72%，浮选尾矿中βs=35．42%，εs=97．31%，可作为硫精矿出售。