The mechanism of the effect of mineral admixtures on the expansion of alkali-silica reaction

On the base of the influence rule of silica fume, slag and fly ash on alkali-silica reaction under the condition of 70 ℃, the mechanism of the effect of mineral admixtures on alkali-silica reaction is studied further in the paper. The results show that the effects of mineral admixtures on alkali-silica reaction are mainly chemistry effect and surface physichemistry effect. Under suitable condition, the chemistry effect may make alkali-silica reaction to be inhibited effectively, but the physichemistry effect only make alkali-silica reaction to be delayed. The chemistry effect and the physichemistry effect of minerals admixture are relative to the content of Ca（OH）2 in system. Under the condition that there is a large quantity of Ca（OH）2, mineral admixture cannot inhibit alkali-silica reaction effectively. Only when Ca（OH）2 in the system is very less, it is possible that mineral admixture inhibits alkali-silica reaction effectively.     

多元外加剂复掺对混凝土抗渗性的研究

为了改善混凝土抗渗性,采用多元矿物外加剂、聚丙烯纤维与引气剂组合复掺配制混凝土,并进行了混凝土渗透性试验．结果表明：多元矿物外加剂复掺,可有效提高混凝土的抗渗性;而多元矿物外加剂分别与一定量聚丙烯纤维和引气剂复掺,可使混凝土抗渗性得到进一步改善,且随着聚丙烯纤维和引气剂掺量在一定范围内的增加,混凝土抗渗性的改善程度愈加明显．     

掺大量混合材水泥组分优化与性能研究

研究了在混磨工艺下,大掺量混合材水泥中粉煤灰、矿渣的优化比例.固定混合材总量为44%和粉磨时间不变,对不同粉煤灰、矿渣用量的水泥颗粒级配和力学强度进行了测试,同时分析了掺混合材对水泥石孔隙结构和微观形貌的影响.结果表明：矿渣掺量占总混合材料用量的27%～34%时,水泥颗粒级配和力学性能最佳.掺配比例合理的大量混合材使水泥石孔隙结构细化,水泥石中大于100μm的粗孔明显减少或消失,即显著增加了小于0.1μm的细孔含量;同时可使水泥石微观结构均匀致密,大量层片状聚集的氢氧化钙晶体消失.     

混凝土矿物复合掺合料应用技术规范的探讨

目前,混凝土矿物掺合料应用技术规范多数是对单一矿物掺合料做出了规定,缺乏对复合混凝土矿物掺合料的应用技术标准.鉴于混凝土掺合料应用技术水平还相当粗犷,为提高其应用技术水平,提出了混凝土矿物掺合料必须走专业化生产的道路;为适应和指导混凝土矿物复合掺合料的工程应用,提出了其必须走功能化生产的道路,建议复合混凝土掺合料应按混凝土的性能进行配制和使用,并推荐了复合混凝土掺合料规范的部分技术指标.     

低碱度转炉钢渣用作矿物掺和料的试验研究

将低碱度钢渣同矿渣复合掺配用作矿物掺合料进行了试验研究.利用XRD分析了低碱度钢渣的矿物组成并借助扫描电镜微观观察对矿物掺和料的反应机理进行了分析.试验结果表明:对于低碱度钢渣,适宜的粉磨细度为400～500 m2/g;低碱度钢渣单独作为矿物掺和料时掺量不宜超过20%;用矿渣和钢渣复合掺配时,总掺量在30%和40%时,力学性能接近基准试样,且矿渣和钢渣的最佳配比为2∶1.较之单掺钢渣水化试样,复掺钢渣、矿渣水化试样的水化速度要快,结构更致密,无明显片状Ca(OH)2晶体.     

基于渗流理论的矿物掺合料效应分析方法

根据基于渗流理论的孔隙率强度模型的物理意义,认为利用矿物掺合料硬化浆体数据拟合的模型参数值以及不同龄期孔隙率-强度数据点与纯水泥拟合曲线的偏差,可分析矿物掺合料的掺合料效应。对钢渣、矿渣和粉煤灰等的掺合料效应分析表明,矿物掺合料均能在一定程度上提高孔在三维空间渗流临界点的水泥石强度σ0,体现了其微集料效应。因不同矿物掺合料的二次水化反应能力差异,在长短不一的水化早期内使其硬化浆体强度较纯水泥有一定下降,体现出不同程度的强度负效应,而在水化后期,各矿物掺合料均体现出一定的强度正效应。     

矿物掺合料对机制砂水泥基自流平砂浆性能的影响

试验选用普通硅酸盐水泥、硫铝酸盐水泥与半水石膏的三元胶凝体系,选用机制砂作为细集料,制备全机制砂水泥基自流平砂浆。选用粉煤灰、石粉与硅灰作为矿物掺合料,并研究矿物掺合料对全机制砂制水泥基自流平砂浆流动度、抗压抗折强度与尺寸变化率的影响。研究结果表明：矿物掺合料的火山灰效应对自流平砂浆力学性能的发展产生积极影响,自流平砂浆流动度随硅灰掺量的增加而减小。通过正交试验优化自流平砂浆配方,得到最优矿物掺合料掺量为粉煤灰7%、石灰石粉4%、硅灰1.0%。     

掺合料对混凝土耐久性的影响

主要分析了混凝土耐久性和几种掺合料对混凝土耐久性的影响，并进行了一系列的试验研究，其中包括混凝土抗氯离子渗透能力、抗渗性能、抗冻融性能、抗碳化性能、抗碱一集料反应能力等．试验结果表明，掺合料的加入能使混凝土结构变得更为密实，从而明显改善混凝土的耐久性．     

Properties and microstructure of marine concrete with composite mineral admixture

The influences of compositing mineral admixtures on the regularity of mechanical property, workability, durability and microstructure of C50 marine concrete were investigated. The results show that the incorporation of mineral admixtures can improve the mechanical properties and workability of C50 marine concrete, 3 min-doped mineral admixture had excellent resistance to chloride ion permeability. The microscopic structure mixing mineral admixtures system was well-distributed and compact, little macroporeare can be found. Funded by the Science Foundation of the Science and Technology Department of Hubei Province (No.2004ABA100)     

关于混凝土矿物掺合料技术发展趋势的探讨

本文依据矿物掺合料的特性，在理论和实验的基础上对矿物掺合料技术的发展趋势进行了探讨，指出复合矿物掺合料的生产必然走专业化、工业化道路．因复合矿物掺合料不是最终产品，按极致优化设计，复合掺合料技术发展的终极目标将是功能化胶凝材料，进而推论未来的水泥厂与商品混凝土企业必将走向全面合作．     

Alkali-silica reactivity of different aggregates from mineral and textural characteristics

To identify the aggregates causing the alkali-silica reaction, and the reactivity of rocks in different parts of China, the mineral and texture characteristics of some typical coarse ag gregates and the alkali reactivity of these aggregates were systematically investigated. On one hand, petrographic examination of aggregates, combined with X-ray diffraction analysis, chemical analysis, scanning electron microscopy, was conducted for analyzing their mineralogy and texture. It was found that not only mineral characteristics, but also their interior structure would affect their potential alkali-silica reactivity. Furthermore, the alkali-silica reactivity of aggregates is due to their mineral compositions, such as containing different alkali-reactive minerals, while, different stuctures of those aggregates with similar minerals affect their reactivity to some extent. There are some amount of micro-aperture and cracks across the quartz in the aggregate, which may become the natural accesses for Na^＋, K^＋, and OH^- ions to intrude in the mortar or concrete during the process of alkali-silica reaction. Alkali-silica reactivity of the aggregates was detected by the accelerated mortar bars test. It was revealed that all the aggregates tested were alkali-silica reactive and the results were also in accordance with their mineral and structure analysis.     

Effect of Mineral Admixtures on Alkali-Silica Reaction

The influence of silica fume, slag and fly ash on alkali-silica reaction under the condition of 70 ℃ is studied. The results show that silica, slag and fly ash may inhibit alkali-silica reaction only under suitable content. When the content is less than 10%, silica fume does not markedly influence the expansion of alkali- silica reaction. When the content is 15%-20%, silica fume only may delay the expansion of alkali-silica reaction. When the content is 30%-70%, slag may only delay the expansion of alkali-silica reaction, but cannot inhibit the expansion of alkali-silica reaction. When the content is 10%, fly ash does not markedly influence the expansion of alkali-silica reaction. When the content is 20%-30%, fly ash may only delay the expansion of alkali-silica reaction, but cannot inhibit the expansion of alkali-silica reaction. When the content is over 50%, it is possible that fly ash can inhibit effectively alkali-silica reaction.     

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND MICROSTRUCTURE OF COMPOSITE BINDERS CONTAINING SHALE ASH AND FLY ASH

The microstructure and the mechanical properties of hardened mortars made of superplasticized composite binder containing shale ash and fly ash are investigated. The pozzolanic reaction consumes the oriented Ca (OH)2 crystals, thus making the transition zone dense. Appropriately proportioning of shale ash and fly ash decreases the water requirement and increases the packing density of composite binder mortars, therefore increases their strength. Super plasticizer promotes the carbonation of calcium hydrates and the formation of ettringite that is transformed gradually into mono-sulfoaluminate hydrate in composite binder mortars. The joint action of fine complex mineral admixture and super plasticizer has a synergistic effect to improve the mechanical properties of composite binder.     

湿磨处理对粉煤灰物化性能及胶砂强度的影响

对于化学反应活性较低的矿物掺合料，颗粒细化程度对其掺舍料效应的发挥有重要影响。因研磨效率较高，采用搅拌磨对矿物掺合料进行湿磨处理，制备了一种浆状掺合料，主要探讨湿磨对粉煤灰物化性能及胶砂强度的影响。研究表明，在湿磨及放置过程中，粉煤灰玻璃体表面可向低聚度方向转化，结构变疏松，可促进其二次水化反应。激光粒度分析结果显示，湿磨的粉煤灰粒径分布较窄，有利于改善胶凝材料粒子的初始紧密堆积效果。强度实验结果也显示，干、湿磨处理的同等细度粉煤灰胶砂强度差别不大，均较原灰有一定提高；而且干、湿磨粉磨时间数据也表明，湿磨处理更适合粉煤灰的超细化处理，有利于其掺合料效应的发挥。     

The influence of mineral admixtures on bending strength of mortar on the premise of equal compressive strength

The influence of mineral admixtures on bending strength of mortar on the premise of equal compressive strength was investigated. Three mineral admixtures (fly ash, ground granulated blast-furnace slag and steel slag) were used. The adding amount of mineral admixture in this study ranges from 22.5% to 60%, and the water-to-binder ratio ranges from 0.34 to 0.50. With equal compressive strength, different mortars can be arranged in such a descending order with their bending strength: cement-fly ash mortar, cement mortar, cement-GGBS mortar, and cement-steel slag mortar. With the same compressive strength, the higher the steel slag content and water-to-binder ratio, the lower the bending strength of mortars. However, the effect of mineral mixture content and water-to-binder ratio on the bending strength of cement-fly ash mortar and cement-GGBS mortar is far inconspicuous.     

Effect of pozzolanic reaction products on alkali-silica reaction

1 IntroductionThe use of fly ashto control the expansion dueto al-kali-silica reaction (ASR) is well established and a num-ber of reviews have been published recently[1-4]. Howflyash brings about this reductionin expansionis not yet un-derstood although a number of theories have been put for-ward to explain its action. For controlling mechanism,they put more emphasis onthe adsorption andresort of al-kali by supplementary cementing material (SCM) , formore acidity oxide in SCM,and the secon…     

矿物掺合料和外加剂复合使用抑制ASR的效果研究

为研究矿物掺合料和外加剂复合使用抑制ASR的效果,应用CECS 48∶93标准,研究了粉煤灰和硅灰复合使用,粉煤灰、硅灰和高效减水剂复合使用,粉煤灰、硅灰和引气剂复合使用抑制ASR的效果.试验结果表明:当基准砂浆水胶比一定,且对比砂浆与基准砂浆具有相同流动度时:(1)粉煤灰和硅灰复合使用在一定程度上可以抑制ASR,粉煤灰掺量越高其抑制效果越明显.(2)粉煤灰、硅灰和高效减水剂复合使用时能够抑制ASR,其抑制效果优于粉煤灰、硅灰单独复合使用时的效果.(3)粉煤灰、硅灰和引起剂复合使用时能够抑制ASR,其抑制效果也优于粉煤灰、硅灰单独复合使用时的效果.     

生态纤维混凝土的收缩性能试验研究

高性能混凝土低水胶比和掺加矿物掺合料的特点使得混凝土收缩加剧并且引起早期裂缝问题.采用粉煤灰和硅灰作为纤维混凝土的掺合料,通过混凝土配合比的正交试验,利用极差和方差分析,研究了水胶比、砂率、硅灰掺量、生态纤维掺量和粉煤灰掺量对混凝土7,28 d抗压强度的影响.分析了粉煤灰采用超量取代的方法对混凝土的影响.在保证混凝土抗压强度的基础上,优选混凝土配合比,进行混凝土干燥收缩试验.试验结果表明,生态纤维对混凝土强度影响不明显,与矿物掺合料复掺可显著抑制混凝土的干燥收缩.     

酸性水环境下桥梁桩基混凝土的配制与耐久性研究

针对酸性水环境下桥梁桩基混凝土的配制,研究了矿物掺合料、水胶比以及侵蚀溶液pH值对混凝土抗酸侵蚀性能的影响。混凝土的粉煤灰掺量从20%～50%变化,矿粉掺量从35%～65%变化,水胶比分别取0.35、0.39、0.43,酸性水侵蚀环境通过pH值分别为1、2、4的硫酸溶液模拟,抗酸性能通过测定1年龄期的混凝土抗压强度变化率表征。结果表明,降低水胶比有利于提高混凝土的抗酸侵蚀性能;矿物掺合料对混凝土耐酸性能的改善作用与其品种、掺量及模拟侵蚀溶液的pH值大小有关。大掺量粉煤灰混凝土比大掺量矿渣粉混凝土具有更好的耐酸性能。     

水泥和矿物掺合料与减水剂相容性问题的试验研究

通过试验,研究了两种新型高效减水剂与水泥和3种矿物掺合料的相容性,并就矿物掺合料的合理掺量和复合使用问题进行了初步讨论.