旧SBS类沥青路面胶结料性状分析及老化等级评定

基于实际工程选取10种SBS改性沥青路面铣刨料,抽提回收得到旧沥青胶结料,通过环球软化点、布氏黏度、延度、针入度、动态剪切流变和简支梁弯曲蠕变等试验,对旧沥青胶结料进行了性状分析与老化分级.结果表明:沥青路面的使用年限是影响沥青老化的主要因素,铣刨料结构层沥青类型及性质影响旧料的老化试验结果;相对于软化点、延度、蠕变劲度,135℃黏度、疲劳设计温度、25℃针入度可更好地区分各类旧沥青路面胶结料的老化程度;采用135℃黏度、25℃针入度2个指标将旧沥青路面胶结料划分为6个等级,相对于现行规范采用单一针入度指标分级更为合理.     

生物沥青再生沥青结合料使用性能

为研究生物沥青用作沥青再生剂的可能性,选用蓖麻油生物沥青为再生剂制备再生沥青,并通过试验研究了旋转薄膜烘箱(rolling thin film oven,RTFO)老化前后该种生物沥青掺量对再生沥青相关技术指标的影响.结果表明:随着生物沥青掺量的增加,再生沥青针入度增大,软化点降低,30%掺量的生物沥青可将老化沥青的针入度恢复到原样沥青水平.然而,生物沥青对延度的改善较差.此外,再生沥青135℃黏度、当量软化点和当量脆点降低,针入度指数PI和塑性温度范围逐渐增大,RTFO老化后残留针入度比减小,软化点增量、黏度老化指数逐渐增大.生物沥青的加入改善了再生沥青的感温性能和低温性能,对高温性能表现出不利影响.随着生物沥青掺量的增加,再生沥青抗老化性能逐渐减弱,但在30%掺量范围内,生物沥青再生沥青的抗老化性能仍不低于原样沥青水平.     

SBS改性沥青胶结料的老化与再生研究

对SBS改性沥青混合料分别进行短期热氧、长期热氧和长期紫外老化后,分离出老化SBS改性沥青胶结料,采用反应型再生剂对其进行再生,研究了不同老化方式对SBS改性沥青胶结料物理性能的影响和反应型再生剂对老化沥青胶结料性能的恢复效果。结果表明:短期热氧老化降低了SBS改性沥青的软化点、针入度、延度和粘度,长期热氧老化和紫外老化则使SBS改性沥青的软化点和粘度增大,针入度和延度减小;反应型再生剂可显著提高老化SBS改性沥青的针入度和延度,降低其软化点和粘度,可较好地恢复老化SBS改性沥青的性能。荧光显微镜分析表明反应型再生剂较好地恢复了SBS在沥青中的交联网络结构。     

纳米TiO_2/CaCO_3-玄武岩纤维复合改性沥青的路用性能

为了同时改善沥青高温稳定性和低温抗裂性,本文选用纳米TiO_2/CaCO_3和玄武岩纤维对沥青进行复合改性。采用锥入度试验、软化点试验、延度试验、黏度试验、动态剪切流变试验以及低温弯曲蠕变试验对复合改性沥青的高温稳定性和低温抗裂性进行评价。结果表明:掺入纳米TiO_2/CaCO_3和玄武岩纤维可有效提升沥青的抗剪切强度和黏结力,增强高温抗永久变形能力;掺入纳米TiO_2/CaCO_3和玄武岩纤维后沥青低温延展性降低,在改性材料掺量较低时弯曲蠕变速率升高,低温应力松弛能力增强,改善了低温性能;同时掺入两种改性材料对于沥青性能的改善作用具有叠加效应,在沥青路面中进行应用有利于进一步提高其使用寿命。     

废橡胶用于废旧沥青混合料再生的试验研究

为了实现废橡胶为原料制备的再生剂用于废旧沥青混合料的再生,分别对路面抽提回收的老化沥青及废旧沥青混合料进行了再生试验,通过老化沥青及混合料性能的指标恢复情况探讨利用废橡胶进行沥青混合料再生的可行性,并进行了作用机理分析．结果表明,利用废橡胶微波处理制备的再生剂对老化沥青具有改性作用,可以有效恢复其各项流变性能,再生剂添加量为10％左右的再生沥青针入度、软化点、延度和低温劲度都接近基质沥青指标;再生沥青混合料的高低温性能、水稳性以及抗老化性能都能满足沥青路面的技术要求．     

再生剂对老化沥青性能影响的研究

通过室内沥青加速老化试验,实验室制备了经薄膜烘箱老化(TFOT)、压力老化(PAV)和紫外老化(UV)的沥青样品。随后,在老化沥青中加入了两种不同的再生剂进行老化沥青的养护再生并在室温条件下养护3d。对基质沥青、老化沥青、再生沥青进行了针入度、软化点、延度的测试。结果表明,两种再生剂都能使老化沥青性能得到一定的恢复,对老化沥青均有再生功能,但是再生剂1具有比再生剂2更好的再生效果。通过对老化沥青进行了不同剂量再生剂1的掺加试验,借助流变性能测试,根据试验结果确定了再生剂1的最佳掺量为6%。     

废胎胶粉与HDPE/SBS三掺复合改性沥青性能研究

为了改善普通胶粉改性沥青的性能缺陷,本研究采用SK-90#基质沥青和HDPE-SBS-废胎胶粉材料制备复合改性沥青,选择SBS百分掺量、胶粉百分掺量、HDPE百分掺量、剪切速度、剪切时间和剪切温度6个试验变量,通过正交试验来探讨复合改性沥青的最佳改性参数,并采用方差分析法对其针入度、软化点、5℃延度、黏度和弹性恢复率5种技术指标进行分析,得出各变量对复合改性沥青性能的影响规律,得到较优制备方案,并对其性能进行了分析.结果表明:SBS掺量对软化点和弹性恢复率影响最大;HDPE掺量对针入度影响较大;SBS和HDPE掺量对延度都具有影响;各改性剂掺量和剪切温度对旋转黏度的影响基本相同.较优制备方案为:改性剂HDPE百分掺量为1.5%,SBS百分掺量为5%,废胎胶粉百分掺量为20%,剪切温度165℃,剪切速率4 500 r/min,剪切时间45 min.较优制备方案下,改性沥青的高温稳定性和低温抗裂性大大提高,同时自身黏度增大使其与集料的黏附性增强,提高了抗车辙能力和抗水损害能力;较高的弹性恢复率保证了改性沥青的抗裂性能.     

聚酯纤维增强沥青的结构与性能

分析测试了几种聚酯纤维的特性粘度、形貌与微观结构及其改性沥青的软化点、针入度、延度和针入度指数.结果表明,聚酯纤维显著提高了沥青软化点、降低了延度与针入度和温度敏感性,纤维的微观结构与性能差异对纤维沥青胶料的软化点与延度影响明显.     

废旧沥青室内再生试验研究

通过对112国道洋河路段的废旧沥青进行三大指标与集料级配进行测定,与70号道路石油沥青的性质和规范级配进行对比分析,发现废旧沥青老化明显,具体表现为软化点上升,延度与针入度均有明显下降。对旧沥青掺加不同量再生剂,测定其性能,得到最佳掺入量。     

胶粉对基质沥青性能影响

为研究废胶粉对基质沥青性能的影响情况,选择2种基质沥青、4个胶粉目数、4个胶粉掺量进行系统的试验研究。通过针入度、软化点以及延度试验,分析添加废胶粉后基质沥青性能的变化,进而确定不同沥青对应的废胶粉最佳目数及掺量,并推荐更合适的沥青类型。结果表明:不同基质沥青最佳条件不同,以SK-70~#为母体制备改性沥青时,胶粉最佳目数和掺量分别为60目、18%,SK-90~#时则分别为40目、20%,并且后者制备的橡胶改性沥青性能更优。     

Road performances of mesoporous nano-silica modified asphalt binders

The objective of this paper was to find new modifier to improve the aging resistance and low temperature cracking resistance of asphalt. To investigate the aging resistance of modified asphalt binders, mesoporous nano-silica(doping Ti~(4+)) was used as a asphalt modifier. Some physical properties including penetration, ductility, and softening point of asphalt were analyzed with RTFO(Rotating thin film oven) aging and ultraviolet aging. Moreover, the performances of high and low temperature of modified asphalt binders with pressure aging were tested by dynamic shear rheometer(DSR) test and bending beam rheometer(BBR) test. These results showed that the penetration decreased, low temperature ductility, and softening point increased when adding mesoporous nano-silica to base asphalt. After ultraviolet radiation aging, the penetration loss and ductility loss of modified asphalt decreased than that of original asphalt, the increase of softening point was also significantly reduced than that of base asphalt. Furthermore, The test results of DSR and BBR showed that the G*sinδ and creep modulus‘s' of pressure aged asphalt decreased, but the creep rate ‘m' increased. It can be concluded that the aging resistance and cracking resistance of modified asphalt are improved by adding mesoporous nano-silica, especially the doping of Ti~(4+) could improve the aging resistance obviously.     

Evaluation of Mixture Performance Recycled Asphalt Pavement Materials as Base Layer with or without Rejuvenator into the Asphalt

The binder properties were determined in accordance with Chinese standard such as ductility test,which allowed to measure the distance in centimeters that a standard briquette of asphalt had been stretched before breaking.Then,penetration test was carried out in order to know some properties of the asphalt,which are the hardness and the softness.Finally,softening point test was carried out in order to determine the temperature at which the bitumen attains a particular degree of softening under the specification of the test.According to Chinese standard for performance tests,firstly,Marshall test was carried out in order to measure the theoretical density,air voids,voids filled with asphalt,stability,flow,and voids in mineral aggregate of asphalt specimens.Secondly,Freeze-thaw splitting test was carried out in order to determine Splitting strength ratio.Finally,dynamic stability (rutting) test was carried out to determine average dynamic stability.Beside the tests carried out,the gradation of the extracted aggregate in accordance with American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials was carried out to determine the dimensions of the particles weight distribution.Furthermore,both the percentage of recycled asphalt pavement materials and binder in mixture were determined to know how much of the new material during the mixture was needed.However,two specimens were used to evaluate the performance of recycled asphalt pavement materials.One specimen of recycled asphalt pavement materials was ten years old,and another one of recycled asphalt pavement materials was five years old.The results show that the conditions of the environment such as moisture,temperature,and age,decrease the ductility and penetration properties of binder when increase the softening point property of binder.Then the gradation of recycled asphalt pavement aggregate is of the required values to reuse in the mixture,while the flow ratio,the splitting strength ratio,and the dynamic stability ratio,are less than the required value test.With regard to the properties of mixture of recycled asphalt pavement material binder with rejuvenator,the results show that when the penetration and ductility versus percentage of rejuvenator increase,softening point versus percentage of rejuvenator decreases.Also,when the bitumen and rejuvenator percentage increase,the air voids decrease.Consequently,voids filled with asphalt and voids in the mineral aggregate increase.Moreover,the theoretical density and stability values decrease in a mixture containing four-point fifty percent to six percent of bitumen and rejuvenator,whereas the flow values increase.More interestingly,with four percent to four-point fifty percent mixture ratio of bitumen and rejuvenator,density,stability,and flow values increase.The splitting strength ratio values of mixtures and the dynamic stability test (rutting test) values of mixtures with forty percent of specimen one and specimen two respectively are greater than the required value of the standard test.In addition,the high percentage of rejuvenator increases the rut of pavement,in the same manner,the low percentage of rejuvenator induces low rut.In conclusion,the binder content from recycled materials without rejuvenator seems not be sufficient to be reused on the new pavement while the aged recycled material seems to be performed better than no aged recycled material with rejuvenator into bitumen.Then,the rejuvenator can influence the bitumen properties and performance of the pavement.Finally,the pavement made by only recycled pavement materials as a base layer appears to be more economical but cannot be more effective than the pavement made by mixture of new and recycled pavement materials as a base layer.     

Property of Anti-Ultraviolet Aging of LDHs Modified Asphalt

LDHs was introduced into 70# asphalt binder by different weight ratio. Asphalt penetration test, soft point test, ductility test, viscosity test, dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) test and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) test, were conducted to characterize and predict the LDHs modified asphalt. Research results indicated that the LDHs has great effect on resistance to UV of asphalt, which makes the asphalt absorb less ultraviolet radiation under the same UV intensity. Complex modulus, phase angle and FTIR test results indicate that the LDHs can significantly enhance the property of anti-ultraviolet aging of asphalt. The test results show that the LDHs has an obvious improvement on the anti UV aging of asphalt.     

SBS改性沥青的老化方程及应用

建立起SBS改性沥青的非线性微分老化方程,应用微分方程探索SBS改性沥青的老化规律,并计算任意时刻的沥青老化量和老化速率;测定SBS改性沥青在不同RTFOT老化时间下的针入度、5℃延度、软化点、135℃粘度指标,得出各指标的老化参数及老化方程,通过分析实验值与老化方程计算值间的相关性,验证非线性老化方程的可靠性;对老化方程的潜在应用方向进行了初探。研究结果表明:非线性老化方程能精确地预测SBS改性沥青的针入度、软化点、粘度、延度的老化规律,能计算任意时刻各指标的老化量及老化速率;老化速率方程计算显示,沥青的老化速率在开始时刻最大,后期随老化时间的延长而逐渐变小,与老化的实际情况吻合;沥青老化方程可用于沥青抗老化性能评价、耐久性评价、沥青路面开裂预测、沥青路面再生决策。     

影响环氧化SBS改性沥青性能的若干因素

采用环氧化SBS改性镇海沥青,对改性沥青的针入度、软化点、延伸度和粘度进行了试验,分析了影响环氧化SBS改性沥青性能的主要因素.试验结果表明：环氧化SBS的环氧基质量分数、加入量以及反应时间等因素影响改性沥青的性能.     

沥青混合料回收料变异性

为了控制沥青混合料回收料(reclaimed asphalt pavement,RAP)的变异性,保证再生沥青混合料的性能,通过现场取料,测试了不同来源RAP的矿料级配、沥青含量和沥青性能,分析了各项指标的变化规律和差异性;结合普通热拌沥青混合料质量控制要求,提出了厂拌热再生沥青混合料RAP最大添加比例控制模型;分析了RAP中油石比与粒径的分布特性;最后建立了混合沥青针入度波动范围模型.结果表明:RAP的矿料级配、油石比和沥青性能变异性均较大;计算得到的RAP最大添加比例能有效保证再生混合料矿料级配和油石比的质量要求;RAP中的油石比与粒径呈指数分布,粒径越小,油石比越大;混合沥青的针入度波动范围与旧沥青的油石比和针入度密切相关,且RAP添加比例越大,波动范围越大.     

Evaluation of Layered Inorganic Nano-powder Modified Bitumen

Thermal oxidative and aging as an inevitable process in the practical application of road asphalt has great effect on the properties of asphalt. In this paper,the influences of short-term thermal oxidative ageing and ultraviolet radiation(UV) aging on the dynamic viscosity,penetration,softening point and rheological properties of two kinds of layered inorganic nano-powder including organo-modified montmorillonite (OMMT) and nanometer brucite (Mg(OH)2) modified asphalts were studied respectively. The rheological properties of these binders have been determined using a dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) through temperatures sweep tests.The rheological and physical analysis showed the two major influences of ageing on the properties for two kinds of layered inorganic nano-powder modified bitumens. On one hand,ageing decreased the viscous behaviors of modified binders,on the other hand,ageing improved the elastic behaviors of modified binders. The performances of binders after aging depended on the combined effect between the modifier and the bitumen. Both the two modifiers resisted the aging of bitumens and the effect of OMMT was better.     

泡沫温拌再生沥青高低温性能研究

为研究回收沥青掺量对泡沫温拌沥青高低温性能的影响,分别对掺加0%、20%、40%、60%、80%回收沥青的泡沫温拌沥青进行软化点、DSR和BBR试验。试验表明:随着回收沥青掺量的增加,泡沫温拌再生沥青的软化点、车辙因子和破坏温度值逐渐升高;当回收沥青的掺量达到60%及以上时,泡沫温拌再生沥青胶结料的高温性能明显改善;胶结料试样的低温抗裂性能随着回收沥青掺量比例的增加而逐渐降低,当回收沥青的掺量大于40%时,泡沫温拌再生沥青的蠕变劲度S和蠕变速率m值不能满足规范要求,低温抗裂性能较差;建议回收沥青的掺量小于60%。     

调和法在废旧沥青再生技术中的应用

采用沈大等5种废旧沥青混合料为原料,通过溶剂抽提法回收出旧沥青。经过对多种炼厂废料的大量实验比较分析,选定含高芳香组分A#剂与B#剂作为再生剂。由于在化学组成上(尤其是饱和分)具有互补性,可以将按一定比例混合作为复合再生剂。研究了复合再生剂加入量对针入度、软化点的影响,得到复合再生剂用量与道路沥青使用性能的关系方程,最终确定调和比例。使用这种再生剂可改善废旧沥青四组分之间的配伍关系,通过调和法成功使废旧沥青再生。再生后沥青质标完全满足重交通道路石油沥青质量标准(GB50092-96)的要求,而且在老化前后延度、针入度比等关键指标优于这个标准的要求。本方法与传统方法相比成本低,工艺简单,是一种废旧沥青再生新技术。     

道路废旧沥青混合料再利用实验分析

介绍了国内外废旧沥青混凝土的再生利用情况,针对我国道路特点进行分析．并选取了北京市某条需改建的10a路龄的道路,将其产生的旧沥青混凝土回收利用．通过破碎、筛分旧路材料以及对旧沥青的抽提试验,测得旧沥青的针入度、软化点以及延度等指标,进行室内的实验分析,提出了再生沥青混凝土的配合比设计方法,并对其进行高温稳定性、低温抗裂性和水稳定性等路用性能的实验验证．