Microstructure evolution and precipitation behavior of low carbon steel hot strips produced by CSP

The microstructures of low carbon steel before, during and after rolling deformation of each stand were observed using optical microscope. The result showed that the microstructures were very fine after six passes rolling deformation. The effect of the first stand reduction on microstructure refinement was very distinct. During the rolling process, with the increase of the accumulated strain, the microstructures would further refine, and the density of dislocation would increase at the same time. In continuous casting thin slabs and each finishing stand, lots of observed precipitates were mainly A12O3 and MnS along the grain boundaries or in grains,which played an important role in the mechanical properties of the hot strips of low carbon steel produced by CSP (compact strip production) technology.     

Quantitative analysis on strengthening mechanism of ultra-thin hot strip of low carbon steel produced by CSP technique

Based on experimental data of positron annihilation technology, electrolytic dissolution technique, electron back-scattered pattern, etc. and by analysis the strengthening factors, the strengthening mechanism of ultra-thin hot strip of low carbon steel produced by CSP (Compact Strip Production) technique was investigated. The value of each strengthening mechanism and its contribution percentage to yield strength were achieved. The results show that refinement strengthening is the predominant strengthening mode; precipitation strengthening and dislocation strengthening are second to it, their contributions to yield strength are almost equal.     

Effect of boron on hot strips of low carbon steel produced by compact strip production

The effect of boron on hot strips of low carbon steel produced by compact strip production (CSP) to reduce the strength to a certain degree was investigated, which is quite different from that of high-strength low alloy steel. The mechanical properties and microstructural evolution of the hot strip were studied using optical microscopy and tensile tests. By means of an electrolytic dissolution technique and Thermo-Cal calculation, the precipitates containing boron were analyzed and detected. From the electron back-scattered diffraction analysis, it can be deciphered whether the microstructure has recrystallized or not. Furthermore, the effect of boron segregation on the recrystallization or non-recrystallization conditions can be distinguished. The segregation behavior of boron was investigated in boron-containing steel. The nonequilibrium segregation of boron during processing was discussed on the basis of the forming complexes with vacancies that migrate to the boundaries prior to annihilation, which was confirmed by the sub-sequent cold rolling with annealing experiments.     

Microstructure and strengthening parameters of ultra—thin hot strip of low carbon steel

The microstructure and precipitation mechanism of ultra-thin hot strip produced by CSP technology were analyzed by electron back scattered diffraction(EBSD),H-800 transmission electron microscope(TEM) and thermodynamics theory.The EBSD results show that the finishing hot rolling microstructures are mixture of recrystallized and deformed austenite.After phase transformation,ferrite grains embody subastructures and dislocations that led ultra-thin hot strip high strength and relatively low elongation rate.TEM observations show that there are a lot of fine and dispersive precipitates in microstructures.Most of aluminium nitrides are in grains.While coexisted precipitates of MnS along grain boundaries,Coexisted precipitates compose cation-vacancy type oxides such as Al2O3 in the core,while MnS at the fringe of surface.At the same time,reasons for microstructure refinement and strengthening effect were invstigated.     

Effects of Ti addition on low carbon hot strips produced by CSP process

Large quantity of fine Ti（C,N） particles, 15-30 nm in size, were observed in low carbon hot strips added to a small amount of Ti and produced by CSP process. The results showed that the precipitation of Ti（C,N） mostly took place during soaking and hot rolling, which is significantly different from that in the conventional production. These fine Ti carbonitride particles could be very effective on the austenite grain refinement by hindering grain growth of recrystallized austenite. Their precipitation behavior was discussed and compared with that of the steels produced in the conventional production.     

Carbides/nitrides precipitates in a C-Mn strip by CSP technology

The carbides/nitrides precipitates in ferrite grains, on grain boundaries and dislocations were investigated on a hot-rolled C-Mn strip （0.16wt%C-1.22wt%Mn-0.022wt%Ti） produced by the CSP （compact strip production） technology using TEM and X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy. The Pickering＇s equation for the contribution of precipitates to the yield stress was also discussed. It is shown that there are numerous fine and dispersive precipitates TiC in the ferrite grains, on the grain boundaries and dislocations. Also there are a small amount of coarser Ti（C, N） particles and TiC particles associated with MnS. Precipitation strengthening on steels produced by the CSP technology is significant.     

Roll wear on finishing trains of ASP1700 hot strip mills

A great deal of research and practical production indicated that a perfect shape control system needs a precise prediction model of roll wear. According to the practical wear curve of work roll in Angang ASP1700 hot strip mill, which was measured by a roll-profilemeter, the model of wear curve caused by one single strip was estabfished. The prediction of work-roll wear was achieved by combining Fortran language and practical technology parameters. The calculated results agreed well with the measured.     

Effect of deformation and cooling rate on the transformation behavior and microstructure of X70 steels

The effects of the deformation in the non-recrystallization region of austenite and the cooling rate on the transformation behavior and microstructure of low-carbon low-alloy steel for pipeline application were studied on the thermal-mechanical simulator Gleeble-1500. It was shown that an increase in deformation amount can greatly increase the nucleation site of ferrite when deformed in the non-recrystallization region of austenite, and an increase in nucleation ratio can greatly refine grains. When the cooling rate is accelerated, the driving force of nucleation is increased and the nucleation rate also improves. Ultra-refine grains can be obtained by controlled rolling. The high density of ferrite nucleus, which forms along the austenite grain boundary, twin interface, and deforma- tion band are introduced in the matrix of austenite by the control of hot rolling, after which the microstructure can be refined. It was found that the acicular ferrite has a very fine sub-structure, high dislocation density, and a thin slab with ultra-fine grains. Small M/A islands and cementite are precipitated on the matrix of the slabs by the analysis technique of TEM and SEM.     

Study on temper-rapid cooling process of low carbon steel produced by CSP

On the basis of the effect of carbon precipitation on the microstructure and properties of steel products below At temperature, a new thermal treatment method （temper-rapid cooling process） was studied. By the temper-rapid cooling process, the yield strengths of the high strength low carbon （HSLC） steel ZJ330 and SPA-H produced using the compact strip production （CSP） process increased from 340 to about 410 MPa and from 410 to about 450 MPa, respectively. The results indirectly indicated that there existed nanoscaled iron-carbon precipitates that have obvious precipitation effect on low carbon steel produced by CSP. The prospect of application is discussed.     

Production of HfO2 thin films using different methods： chemical bath deposition,SILAR and sol-gel process

Hafnium oxide thin films （HOTFs） were successfully deposited onto amorphous glasses using chemical bath deposition, successive ionic layer absorption and reaction （SILAR）, and sol-gel methods. The same reactive precursors were used for all of the methods, and all of the films were annealed at 300℃ in an oven （ambient conditions）. After this step, the optical and structural properties of the films produced by using the three different methods were compared. The structures of the films were analyzed by X-ray diffTaction （XRD）. The optical properties are investigated using the ultraviolet-visible （UV-VIS） spectroscopic technique. The film thickness was measured via atomic force microscopy （AFM） in the tapping mode. The surface properties and elemental ratios of the films were investigated and measured by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy （EDX）. The lowest transmittance and the highest reflectance values were observed for the films produced using the SILAR method. In addition, the most intense characteristic XRD peak was observed in the diffraction pattern of the film produced using the SILAR method, and the greatest thickness and average grain size were calculated for the film produced using the SILAR method. The films produced using SILAR method contained fewer cracks than those produced using the other methods. In conclusion, the SILAR method was observed to be the best method for the production of HOTFs.     

Grain refinement of low carbon steel produced by CSP process

In comparison with conventional production for hot strips, compact strip production (CSP) brings about some new micro-structural phenomena. Investigations were carried out to clarify the grain refinement mechanism of low carbon steel strips produced by the EAF-CSP process. Samples, obtained from the same rolling stock during continuous rolling, were examined through SEM,TEM and XEDS. Thin slabs have a dominant columnar structure and the spacing of the secondary dendrite arms ranges from 90 to ～125 μm. The average grain sizes for the central area of the samples from the 1st to 6th pass are 41.6, 25.2, 21.4, 20.2, 13.1, 6.7 μm,respectively. Large number of nanometer oxide and sulfide have been found in the low carbon steel produced by the CSP process.The grain refinement mechanism can be summarized as follows: finer solidification structure of the thin slab; austenite recrystalliza-tion at higher temperature and stain accumulation at lower temperature caused by the great reduction of single rolling pass during continuous rolling; nano-scaled precipitates of sulfide and oxide which drag grain boundaries of austenite or ferrite to prevent the grain coarsening.     

Radiation effect of neutrons in a reactor on polyurethane

The radiation effect of neutrons in a reactor on polyurethane was studied. The gases produced by irradiated samples were analyzed by gas chromatography, and the dynamic mechanical and compression properties of the samples were also studied. The positron annihilation lifetime of irradiated samples was measured at room temperature in vacuum. The experimental results indicate that gas chromatography is a powerful tool to quantitatively analyze the gas products from neutron-irradiated polyurethane and characterizes the chemical changes in the sample. And the changes in microstructure determined from the PAL correlate well with the measurements of the mechanical properties by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA).     

Q235钢CSP过程组织及性能的转变

对包钢CSP线生产的Q235钢连铸坯及不同道次轧制后空冷的试样进行了组织观察,测定了硬度及力学性能.分析了CSP线生产的Q235钢组织、性能变化的原因.研究表明,随轧制道次的增加,变形后轧件的室温组织细化;沿铁素体晶界分布的珠光体变得均匀、弥散;力学性能较采用传统工艺制备的Q235钢有显著提高.     

薄板坯连铸连轧带钢生产介绍

介绍薄板坯连铸连轧工艺CSP法及ISP法生产带钢,并比较其工艺特点。     

Microstructure homogenization control of Nb-bearing X65 pipeline steel by the CSP process

In order to get the controlled methods of microstructure homogenization and high strengthening-toughening combination by compact strip production (CSP) rolling,the dynamic recrystallization characteristics of each pass were obtained during CSP rolling using a Gleeble-1500 thermal mechanical simulator.Then,the CSP process was simulated by laboratory rolling experiment.Through thermal mechanical simulation experiment and laboratory rolling experiment,a design idea of Nb-bearing pipeline steel by CSP can be ob...