Research of Hybrid Modulation Radar Signal

Based on the advantage of phase coded signal and stepped frequency signal, a new hybrid modulation signal is introduced in this paper. It combines phase code modulation during the pulse with stepped frequency modulation between the pulses, which is named as phase-coded stepped-frequency (PCSF) signal. By analyzing its waveform and ambiguity function, the comparison between Stepped-Frequency(SF) signal and PCSF signal is given, which shows that the PCSF signal is better than SF signal. Finally, the signal processing method with two stage compressed processing is presented. The simulation results show that this new hybrid modulation radar signal can get a higher stepped frequency than ordinary SF signal, realize the same equivalent bandwidth with less pulse number, and solve the conflict among the stepped frequency, the number of pulse, and transmit average power. Under the premises of a certain range resolution, this new hybrid modulation radar signal not only raises the data rate of radar system, but also reduces Doppler sensitivity with a good prospect, and the effect of one-dimensional range profile is much better than that of traditional SF signal. Therefore, this new hybrid modulation radar signal can be widely used in application.     

Generalized ionospheric dispersion simulation method for wideband satellite-ground-link radio systems

A generalized ionospheric dispersion simulation method is presented to verify and test wideband satellite-ground-link radio systems for dispersion robustness. In the method, ionospheric dispersive effects on wideband radio waves are modeled as an allpass nonlinear phase system, thus greatly decreasing the need for signal priori information. To accurately simulate the ionospheric dispersion and reduce the implementation complexity, the system is decomposed into three new allpass subsystems: with a linear phase passing through zero frequency, a constant phase, and a nonlinear phase with zero-offset and quasi-parabolic form respectively. The three subsystems are implemented respectively by the combination of integer-interval delay and fractional delay filter, digital shifting phase and the complex-coefficient finite impulse response (FIR) filter. The ionospheric dispersion simulation can be achieved by cascading the three subsystems in a complex baseband and converting the frequency to a radio frequency. Simulation results show that the method has the ability to accurately simulate the ionospheric dispersion characteristics without knowing the signal priori information and has a low implementation complexity.     

Chirp-Rate Resolution of Fractional Fourier Transform in Multi-component LFM Signal

Distinguishing close chirp-rates of different linear frequency modulation (LFM) signals under concentrated and complicated signal environment was studied. Firstly, detection and parameter estimation of multi-component LFM signal were used by discrete fast fractional Fourier transform (FrFT). Then the expression of chirp-rate resolution in fractional Fourier domain (FrFD) was deduced from discrete normalize time-frequency distribution, when multi-component LFM signal had only one center frequency. Furthermore, the detail influence of the sampling time, sampling frequency and chirp-rate upon the resolution was analyzed by partial differential equation. Simulation results and analysis indicate that increasing the sampling time can enhance the resolution, but the influence of the sampling frequency can be omitted. What’s more, in multi-component LFM signal, the chirp-rate resolution of FrFT is no less than a minimal value, and it mainly dependent on the biggest value of chirp-rates, with which it has an approximately positive exponential relationship.     

Rejection of Linear FM Interference in DSSS System Based on Fractional Fourier Transform

A new method for the rejection of linear frequency modulation (LFM) interference in direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) system based on the fractional Fourier transform is proposed, and the configuration of the receiver with an interference exciser is also presented. Based on the property that the fractional Fourier transform of a signal is equivalent to rotating the signal in the time-frequency plane, the received signal is transform into a certain fractional Fourier domain, this transform will result in the least spectrum overlap between the signal and interference. Then, a narrowband filter is exploited to extract most of the interference energy. The performance analyses show that remarkable improvements in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and biterror-ratio (BER) are obtained.     

A new frequency domain search strategy in high sensitivity GPS signal acquisition circuit designing

The contradiction between the sensitivity and the frequency domain searching speed of GPS signal acquisition circuit has been discussed for a long time. The signal integration operation which enhances the sensitivity of the system also makes the frequency slots narrower, which affects the speed of the system. In this research a high sensitivity GPS signal acquisition circuit is implemented with a new frequency domain search strategy. The new strategy combines DDS sweep strategy with cyclic shifting sweep strategy which makes the TTFF (time to first fix) reduced evidently. The extra hardware resource cost of the new strategy is acceptable. The speed advantage of the new frequency domain search strategy has been verified by hardware comparison tests.     

Drive Signal Frequency-Lock Method Based on 90° Phase Shift for Quartz Angular-Rate Sensor

A drive signal frequency-lock method for quartz angular-rate sensor is presented. The calculation result obtained by the equivalent volume force analytic method indicated that when taking the inherent frequency of the drive tines as the drive signal frequency the phase of the reference vibration is 90° behind that of the drive signal, and the square of amplitude is less than that of the maximal amplitude by 1/(4Q~2_d) merely. The curves derived from the finite element analytic method proved that near the inherent frequency the phase shift of the feedback voltage is identical to that of the reference vibration, and the amplitude is proportional to that of the reference vibration, and the phase shift is linear approximatively with the frequency shift. The frequency shift could be calculated according to the phase shift obtained by quadrature correlation detection, so the drive signal frequency could be locked at the inherent frequency of the drive tines by means of iteration.     

Estimation of the parameter error propagation in inversion based BRDF observations at single sun position

A new method for separation of signal and noise (SSN) is put forward. Frequency is redefined according to the features of signal and its derivative in the sampling time interval, thus double orthogonal basis (DOB) is constructed so that a signal can be precisely signified with a linear combination of low-frequency DOB. Under joint consideration in time domain (TD) and frequency domain (FD), a method on SSN with high accuracy is derived and a matched algorithm is designed and analyzed. This method is applicable to SSN in multiple frequency bands, and convenient in applying signal characteristics in TD and FD synthetically with higher accuracy.     

High dynamic synchronization algorithm based on cyclic spectral density

A new high dynamic synchronization algorithm using cyclic spectral density was presented according to the theories of cyclic spectral density and its anti-interface and anti-noise properties.The closed forms of frequency error and phase error were obtained,and their performances were analyzed.The in-phase signal throw costas loop was normalized to obtain a cosine signal.Cyclic spectral density of the cosine signal of was computed to obtain the frequency error and the phase error and then results were put into NCO to synchronize.Finally,the performance of the presented algorithms was compared with the conventional algorithms by virtue of simulations,and the simulation results proved the correctness and the superiority of the new algorithms.     

Drive Signal Frequency-Lock Method Based on 90° Phase Shift for Quartz Angular-Rate Sensor

A drive signal frequency-lock method for quartz angular-rate sensor is presented. The calculation result obtained by the equivalent volume force analytic method indicated that when taking the inherent frequency of the drive tines as the drive signal frequency the phase of the reference vibration is 90° behind that of the drive signal, and the square of amplitude is less than that of the maximal amplitude by 1/（4Q²_d） merely. The curves derived from the finite element analytic method proved that near the inherent frequency the phase shift of the feedback voltage is identical to that of the reference vibration, and the amplitude is proportional to that of the reference vibration, and the phase shift is linear approximatively with the frequency shift. The frequency shift could be calculated according to the phase shift obtained by quadrature correlation detection, so the drive signal frequency could be locked at the inherent frequency of the drive tines by means of iteration.     

Dynamic Characteristics of Single-frequency Signal after Modulated by Feedback Control System

In order to study the dynamic characteristics of the single-frequency signal through the nonlinear control system, the system control mode, the outer excitation patterns of the model and the amplitude are investigated by using the methods of the nonlinear dynamical analysis. The time-domain diagram, power spectrum, phase diagram and the largest Lyapunov exponent obtained from the process of the signal propagate through different control module are given. The researches on different control systems demonstrate that： after single-frequency signal goes through the nonlinear controller, it is still non-chaotic although the output contains more frequency components; but with the feedback and the external perturbation, the output is a continuous broadband spectrum and the result shows that there is chaos. The energy of the input signal reduces with some appropriate parameters. Therefore, the control system of the nonlinear feedback is a good way to broaden the spectrum of output with inputting a single-frequency signal.     

Adaptive Short-Time Fractional Fourier Transform Based on Minimum Information Entropy

Traditional short-time fractional Fourier transform(STFrFT) has a single and fixed window function, which can not be adjusted adaptively according to the characteristics of frequency and frequency change rate. In order to overcome the shortcomings, the STFrFT method with adaptive window function is proposed. In this method, the window function of STFrFT is adaptively adjusted by establishing a library containing multiple window functions and taking the minimum information entropy as the criterion, so as to obtain a time-frequency distribution that better matches the desired signal. This method takes into account the time-frequency resolution characteristics of STFrFT and the excellent characteristics of adaptive adjustment to window function, improves the time-frequency aggregation on the basis of eliminating cross term interference,and provides a new tool for improving the time-frequency analysis ability of complex modulated signals.     

校正高频天波雷达电离层频率调制的级联方法

电离层频率调制导致地表面杂波的多谱勒展宽,极大地限制了高频天波雷达的目标探测性能。本文针对这种电离层频率调制,给出了一种级联的两步校正处理的方法。在第一步校正中,首先分析这种时变信号的时频分布,并设计了一种谱峰追踪方法从时频分布中获得粗糙的电离层频率调制估计。然后采用基于分段多项式相位模型的参数化方法作二次校正处理,消除残余调制污染。模拟结果表明,即使对Bragg峰发生混叠的重污染的情形,这种级联的校正方法都具有非常好的效果。     

基于瞬时频率的超声信号数字处理方法

使用非线性时频分布对超声信号进行处理,充分考虑到了信号的时域、频域和相位的信息,根据超声信号在缺陷和噪声处瞬时频率的不同,结合超声信号的空间投影特点,提出了一种基于信号瞬时频率的超声信号处理方法.首先使用CWD把信号变换到时频域,估计出信号瞬时频率,然后通过瞬时频率的有序度对超声信号进行加权处理.该算法不仅消噪性能好,而且缺陷定位准确.     

一种组合时频分布在跳频信号参数估计中的应用

为了有效分析跳频信号并估计其参数,根据跳频信号的特点,提出了一种基于频率分解的组合时频分布．这种新的时频分布先将多分量跳频信号通过带通滤波变成多个单分量信号,再将每个分量的Wigner-Ville分布线性叠加．理论分析和仿真结果表明,这种新的组合时频分布能够有效抑制跳频信号的交叉项干扰．与现有的方法相比,具有更高的时频分辨率,更适合于跳频信号的时频分析和参数估计．     

基于时频局域相关能量的时变信号分析

提出了一种基于信号时、频局域相关能量的新的时－频信号分析方法，它有着较明确的物理意义，进一步的分析表明了它实际上是对Ｒｉｈａｃｚｅｋ分布的平滑，与Ｗｉｇｎｅｒ分布（ＷＤ）相比，它有效地消除了多分量信号的交叉项，并避免了ＷＤ的频率模糊现象，计算方法也更为简便。     

一种混合网台跳频参数盲估计算法

针对低信噪比（SNR）和复杂电磁环境条件下跳频参数估计精度低及算法复杂度高的问题,提出了一种短时傅里叶变换（STFT）和平滑伪魏格纳分布（SPWVD）的组合时频分析方法.该算法首先利用STFT将天线接收信号变换到时频域,并对时频信号进行自适应降噪处理;通过自适应聚类算法进行频率的精估计;提取时频信息并剔除各类干扰,再通过网台分选后得到各类网台跳时粗估计;最后采用SPWVD及修正后的截断门限进行跳变时刻的精估计.仿真结果表明,该算法在混合网台和低SNR条件下,跳频参数估计精度较高,算法复杂度较低,有效解决了实际跳频通信系统存在频率转换时间条件下的参数估计问题.     

基于时频子空间方法的线性调频信号参量估计

针对加性色噪声背景下的多分量线性调频信号参量估计问题,提出了基于相位差分的时频子空间方法.该方法将时频子空间的方法引入线性调频信号参量估计中.首先时多分量线性调频信号做相位差分,然后在时域内利用子空问方法对差分后的信号进行滤波,最后用基于矩阵束的方法进行频率估计.本方法消除了使用相位差分而带来的交叉项的干扰,同时能够很好的消除加性色噪声对多分量线性调频信号的参量估计的影响.仿真实验证明了本方法的有效性.     

基于时频分布的扩展的二元相移键控信号解调算法

在已有的扩展二元相移键控(EBPSK)调制信号模型基础上,从非平稳信号分析方法入手,对EBPSK调制信号的时频分布特性进行了详细推导,建立了EBPSK信号相位跳变与时频分布幅度的关系模型,利用该模型提出了基于时频分布的EBPSK解调算法,并给出了相应的解调器结构。对基于时频分布的EBPSK信号解调器性能进行了分析,讨论了解调器的判决门限选取方法。分析表明,基于时频分布的EBPSK信号解调算法不但简化了EBPSK解调器结构,获得了优异的EBPSK调制系统差错性能,而且为通信信号的非平稳信号处理提供了新的可行方案。     

改进Chirplet时频原子的非线性调频信号分解

针对Chirplet时频原子对正弦类型的非线性调频信号的分解性能较弱的问题,提出一种改进的Chirplet时频原子．首先从理论上分析Chirplet时频原子对正弦类型的时频分布的失配问题,其次在Chirplet时频原子中加入正弦调频因子,使原子的时频曲线产生类正弦形状的弯曲性能,最后使用遗传算法代替匹配追踪算法,提高原子搜索效率．仿真实验结果表明,改进的Chirplet原子对于非线性调频信号的分解性能与Gabor、Chirplet和FM^mlet原子相比,有了较大的提升．     

跳频信号的时频分析新方法

根据跳频信号的特点,提出了一种基于信号分解的时频分析方法。该方法先将多分量跳频信号通过带通滤波变成多个单分量信号,再将每个分量的WVD线性叠加得到新的时频分布。理论分析和仿真结果表明,这种新的时频分析方法能够有效抑制跳频信号的交叉项干扰,与现有的方法相比,具有更高的时频分辨率,更适合于跳频信号的时频分析和参数估计。