氧空穴对二氧化钛/磷酸银光催化活性的影响机制

采用磷酸银与具有可见光吸收能力的TiO_2基光催化剂相复合的方法,对带有氧空穴的二氧化钛(TiO_2-OV)的复合磷酸银光催化材料的性能进行了研究.采用光处理法成功制备出了具有可见光吸收能力的氧空穴二氧化钛材料,利用化学吸附法成功制备出了磷酸银/氧空穴二氧化钛复合光催化剂.透射电镜结果显示,磷酸银纳米颗粒均匀分散于氧空穴二氧化钛表面,形成结构完美的复合光催化剂;光催化降解罗丹明B实验结果表明,所制备的磷酸银/氧空穴二氧化钛复合光催化剂的光催化活性明显优于磷酸银光催化材料.     

TiO2-SiO2复合粒子的制备与表征

采用溶胶-凝胶技术通过水解法在SiO2表面包覆纳米TiO2,制备出TiO2-SiO2复合粒子.借助于傅立叶红外光谱、扫描电镜、透射电镜对其进行了表征,结果表明TiO2成功地包覆在SiO2的表面.通过采用X射线衍射定量分析方法来测量复合粒子中锐钛矿型二氧化钛的质量分数,得出当pH=2、SiO2与TiO2摩尔比10∶90、煅烧温度750 ℃为最佳制备条件;通过复合粒子和二氧化钛粒子分别对甲基橙溶液进行光催化降解的比较表明,复合粒子光催化效果比较好.     

CNTs/TiO_2复合材料的制备及光催化性能研究

碳纳米管具有大的比表面积、良好的导电性等优点,将其和半导体光催化剂复合,可以有效改善光催化剂活性,提高光催化效率。本文利用溶胶-凝胶法,以钛酸四丁酯为前驱物,制备碳纳米管/二氧化钛(CNTs/TiO_2)复合光催化剂,研究其光催化活性。采用扫描电镜、XRD、拉曼光谱、吸收光谱等方法对复合材料进行表征,以甲基橙(MO)为目标降解物研究复合材料在紫外光下的光催化活性。结果表明,当煅烧温度为450℃时,TiO_2较好的和CNTs结合,TiO_2主要为锐钛矿型;CNTs/TiO_2复合材料表现出优异的光催化性能(96%);TiO_2和CNTs的质量百分比是影响光催化效果的重要因素。     

TiO_2-SiO_2复合粒子的制备与表征

采用溶胶-凝胶技术通过水解法在SiO2表面包覆纳米TiO2,制备出TiO2-SiO2复合粒子。借助于傅立叶红外光谱、扫描电镜、透射电镜对其进行了表征,结果表明TiO2成功地包覆在SiO2的表面。通过采用X射线衍射定量分析方法来测量复合粒子中锐钛矿型二氧化钛的质量分数,得出当pH=2、SiO2与TiO2摩尔比10∶90、煅烧温度750℃为最佳制备条件;通过复合粒子和二氧化钛粒子分别对甲基橙溶液进行光催化降解的比较表明,复合粒子光催化效果比较好。     

C_3N_4-TiO_2复合光催化剂的制备及其太阳光催化性能

以TiO_2和三聚氰胺为原料,在超声搅拌作用下于水相中将两种物质进行混合,而后烘干并采用一步固相法将不同质量比的TiO_2和三聚氰胺混合物置于马弗炉中进行高温煅烧,制得C_3N_4-TiO_2复合光催化剂;对制备的复合物进行X射线衍射、荧光光致发光光谱、扫描电子显微镜、紫外-可见吸收光谱对其理化性能进行表征;以罗丹明B为目标污染物,使用氙灯模拟太阳光光源,对复合物的光催化性能进行评价。结果表明,C_3N_4的引入增强了复合光催化剂的吸附能力;TiO_2与类石墨型C_3N_4的复合,增强了光催化剂对光的吸收能力,C_3N_4-TiO_2复合光催化剂的光催化性能较纯TiO_2有明显提高,TiO_2对污染物罗丹明B的降解效率可达21%,C_3N_4-TiO_2复合光催化剂的降解效率可达99%。     

SiO_2/TiO_2复合材料的制备及其光催化性能

首先以P123(EO_(20)PO_(70)EO_(20))和PEG(聚乙二醇)为复合模板,制备了短棒状介孔SiO_2,然后采用电子转移催化剂再生-原子转移自由基聚合(ARGET ATRP)方法对其进行改性。以改性后的SiO_2为模板,以钛酸四丁酯(TBT)为钛源,制备了带有TiO_2壳的短棒状介孔SiO_2/TiO_2光催化剂复合材料。采用热重分析(TGA)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射分析(XRD)、比表面和空隙分析仪对其进行了表征,通过甲基橙光降解反应研究了其光催化性能。结果表明:亲水性聚合物成功改性介孔SiO_2;锐钛矿相的TiO_2纳米粒子均匀分散在SiO_2表面;制得的SiO_2/TiO_2复合材料具有双峰孔结构;在可见光照射下,4.5 h后对甲基橙的降解率最高可达到99.5%,具有较高的光催化效率。     

Ag/TiO2纳米粒子的制备与表征

为了扩大纳米TiO_2在可见光范围的吸收,进行在纳米TiO_2中掺入Ag实验.以工业级偏钛酸、硝酸银为主要实验原料,采用一种简易的方法制备出Ag/TiO_2纳米粒子,并通过X线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、紫外一可见光吸收光谱(UV-vis)对该粒子进行表征.结果表明,二氧化钛以锐钛型晶型,银以单质的形式存在于纳米复合粒子中;Ag的结合能367.476 eV(3d_(3/2))与373.453 eV(3d_(5/2))分别比纯银的结合能368.4 eV(3d_(3/2))与374.4 eV(3d_(5/2))低,这是由于制备Ag/TiO_2时煅烧温度较纯银高,银簇生长较大引起的;并显示复合粒子的粒径约为30 nm;Ag/TiO_2纳米粒子感应波长明显红移,增强了纳米TiO_2在可见光范围内的吸收.     

棉纤维素基TiO_2@C光催化剂的制备

以棉纤维素为模板,钛酸四丁酯为前驱体,无水乙醇为溶剂,通过表面溶胶-凝胶法和火焰燃烧的方法制备具有精细纤维素形貌的锐钛矿型二氧化钛和碳(TiO_2@C)的复合光催化材料。研究了磷酸二氢铵处理对TiO_2@C光催化剂的光催化性能的影响,分析了钛酸四丁酯与无水乙醇的体积比、沉积次数以及沉积后棉布的煅烧时间对TiO_2@C光催化剂性能的影响,通过测试棉纤维素基TiO_2@C光催化剂对染料的吸附降解性能,对TiO_2@C光催化剂的制备工艺进行优化。采用红外光谱、X射线衍射、扫描电镜、透射电镜等方法对棉纤维素基TiO_2@C光催化剂进行结构和形貌分析。优化制备工艺为:采用质量分数为20%的磷酸二氢铵溶液浸渍棉布20h,钛酸四丁酯与无水乙醇体积比为1∶1的溶液抽滤沉积、水解、烘干,反复沉积10次,空气中煅烧150min得到棉纤维素基TiO_2@C光催化剂。棉纤维在沉积钛酸四丁酯前利用磷酸二氢铵浸渍,起到了催化纤维素成炭的作用,一定程度阻碍了二氧化钛晶粒的凝聚。     

Cu掺杂梭形TiO_2的制备及光催化分解水产氢性能

采用二乙醇胺和去离子水作为溶剂,通过溶剂热法制备了梭形二氧化钛,并探讨了醋酸锂对样品形貌及晶型的影响。通过光置还原法得到表面负载铜的梭形二氧化钛样品。对样品进行扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、X射线衍射、X射线光电子能谱、紫外漫反射表征,分析结果表明:制得的二氧化钛样品为梭形,平均长度为160nm,宽65nm,醋酸锂对二氧化钛梭形形貌和锐钛矿晶型形成至关重要。光催化实验结果表明:3.99% Cu掺杂TiO_2样品光催化产氢效果最好,可以达到857.14μmol·(g·h)~(-1)。     

多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)负载锰掺杂二氧化钛(Mn-TiO_2)在SO_2光催化脱除中的应用

本文利用溶胶凝胶法制备了多壁碳纳米管负载二氧化钛(titanium dioxide supported by multi-walled carbon nanotubes,MWCNTs/TiO_2)以及多壁碳纳米管负载锰掺杂二氧化钛(Mn doped TiO_2 supported by MWCNTs,MWCNTs/Mn-TiO_2),并利用透射电子显微镜(transmission electron microscopy,TEM)、X射线衍射(X-ray diffraction,XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,XPS)、漫反射光谱(diffuse reflectance spetra,DRS)表征其理化性质.研究结果表明,MWCNTs以及Mn掺杂物可抑制TiO_2晶粒增长.实验表明0.5%MWCNTs/Mn-TiO_2在紫外及可见光区域均表现出最佳的光学性能.通过在固定床反应器中进行实验,研究了光催化氧化模拟烟气中SO_2过程及其脱硫效率.以0.5%MWCNTs/Mn-TiO_2时,在最佳工况条件(155mg/m3SO_2、8%O_2、5%H_2O)下,SO_2去除效率可达69%.NO存在时,由于其与SO2之间对于吸附点位的竞争导致脱硫效率降低,而O_2和H_2O则在光催化氧化SO_2过程中起着重要作用.     

Facile Preparation of PVA-AA/TiO_2 Composite Gel Particles and Their Tunable Photo-catalytic Property for the Degradation of Methyl Orange

In the presence of titanium dioxide powder, cross-linking reaction between commercial polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)-based macromonomer and acrylic acid(AA) was initiated with potassium persulfate in an emulsifying system. As a result, PVA-AA/TiO_2 composite gel particles were obtained. The morphology and composition of the particles were analyzed with scanning electron microscopy(SEM), energy scattering x-ray spectroscopy(EDS), Fourier infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis(TGA). The analysis results confirmed that the particles were the expected ones. TiO_2 was dispersed homogeneously within the spheroidal particles. Compared to the control gel, the composite gel particles not only contained Ti element but also showed higher thermal stability. In addition, the photo-catalytic behavior of the particles for the degradation of methyl orange contained in aqueous solution was examined. The particles exhibited photocatalytic characteristic for the degradation of the model dye, which could be modulated by simply varying the amount of cross-linking agent or TiO_2. The photo-catalytic degradation percentage of methyl orange maintained at 91%-96% after using the particles three times, which indicated that TiO_2 could played its role repeatedly via being fixated within polyvinyl alcohol-based gel.     

TiO_2/PBA/PMMA核壳粒子的制备与表征

纳米粒子是热力学不稳定体系,容易发生颗粒团聚。为了更好地改善纳米粒子的分散性,本文报道利用乳液聚合的方法制备以表面处理过的纳米二氧化钛为核丙烯酸丁酯和甲基丙烯酸甲酯为壳的TiO2/PBA/PMMA复合粒子。分析二氧化钛、乳化剂、引发剂、反应温度和超声震荡时间等因素对聚合反应单体转化率的影响,并表征核壳复合粒子。结果表明,利用乳液聚合方法制备的二氧化钛粒子为核壳结构,平均粒径为251 nm,其粒径分布较未改性纳米TiO2明显变窄,改善了纳米粒子的分散性。     

TiO2／PBA／PMMA核壳粒子的制备与表征

纳米粒子是热力学不稳定体系，容易发生颗粒团聚。为了更好地改善纳米粒子的分散性,本文报道利用乳液聚合的方法制备以表面处理过的纳米二氧化钛为核丙烯酸丁酯和甲基丙烯酸甲酯为壳的TiO2／PBA／PMMA复合粒子。分析二氧化钛、乳化剂、引发剂、反应温度和超声震荡时间等因素对聚合反应单体转化率的影响，并表征核壳复合粒子。结果表明，利用乳液聚合方法制备的二氧化钛粒子为核壳结构。平均粒径为251nm。其粒径分布较未改性纳米TiO2明显变窄,改善了纳米粒子的分散性。     

磁性纳米TiO2/Fe3O4复合材料的制备及光催化降解性能

采用均匀沉淀法在Fe3O4表面包覆TiO2,制备新型纳米TiO2/ Fe3O4光催化材料,并通过改变pH值、温度、TiO2/Fe3O4的比例和硫酸钛浓度等得到材料制备的最佳条件.用X射线衍射分析了复合颗粒的形态结构及包覆情况.通过可溶性染料活性艳红X-3B的降解反应,考察了光催化活性.结果表明,用最佳条件制备的复合材料对活性艳红的脱色率达97.12%.光降解动力学结果表明:对活性艳红X-3B染料的光催化降解反应符合一级反应动力学.     

Preparation of calcium carbonate particles coated with titanium dioxide

The preparation of a new mineral composite material,calcium carbonate particles coated with titanium dioxide,was studied.The mechanism of the preparation process was proposed.The new mineral composite material was made by the mechanochemical method under the optimum condition that the mass ratio of calcium carbonate particles to titanium dioxide was 6.5:3.5.The mass ratios of two different types of titanium dioxide(anatase to rutile) and grinding media to grinded materials were 8:2 and 4:1 respectively,and ...     

Photogenerated carrier transfer mechanism and photocatalysis properties of TiO2 sensitized by Zn（ Ⅱ ） phthalocyanine

The Zn(Ⅱ) phthalocyanine sensitized TiO2(ZnPc-TiO2) nanoparticles were prepared by hydrothermal method via impregnation with ZnPc.The as-prepared photocatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffractometry(XRD) and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy(DRS),and the surface photovoltage spectroscopy(SPS) and photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B(RhB) were studied under illuminating.The experimental results indicate that TiO2 sensitized by ZnPc extends its absorption band into the visible region effectively,and ...     

二氧化钛光催化氧化废水中苯酚的研究

采用TiO2悬浮体系光催化氧化处理苯酚模拟废水,利用紫外吸光度表示苯酚相对含量,考察了TiO2用量、pH值、曝气、苯酚浓度、处理时间及光强等因素对苯酚去除率的影响.结果表明:当TiO2用量为2g·L-1、pH值为3、连续曝气和搅拌条件下,在一定光强紫外光照射2.5h,苯酚(10mg·L-1)去除率达96%.     

Kinetics analysis of Ni-TiO_2 composite system during initial stages of electro-crystallization

The initial stage of Ni-TiO_2 composite system electrodeposition on glassy carbon electrode from an acidic solution of nickel sulfate was investigated using cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronoamperometry (CA) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Analysis of current density-time transients was performed using the nonlinear fitting procedure and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was simulated by Z-view software. Besides, the surface morphology of Ni-TiO_2 co-deposition at the initial stage was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that, in the case of low overpotential (-790 mV vs SCE), the presence of TiO_2 particles in the plating bath makes the nucleation relaxation time tmax decreased clearly. Meanwhile, the electro-crystallization of Ni-TiO_2 system follows a Scharifker-Hills (SH) progressive nucleation/growth mechanism. While in the case of higher overpotential, the presence of the TiO_2 particles in solution makes the nucleation relaxation time tmax increased. At -850 mV (vs SCE), the co-deposition of Ni-TiO_2 system meets SH instantaneous nucleation/growth mechanism. The results of impedance spectra show that the appearance of the characteristic inductive loops represents the nucleation/growth of nickel and the presence of TiO_2 particles reduces the charge transfer resistance of solution. The SEM observation confirms that TiO_2 particles can be considered as favorable sites for nickel nucleating.     

Preparation and photocatalytic activity of Gd-doped TiO_2 nanofibre

1INTRODUCTION TiO2hassomespecialpropertiesincludingphotocatalyticactivity,chemicalstability,andre sistancetowear,non poisonlowcostandcanbepreparedatlowcost.Ifmodifiedwithproperinter mingle,itcanbedirectlyusedinthesunlight.Sotitaniumdioxideisoneofthemostpotentialphoto catalyzers[1,2].Itsphotocatalyticoxidationabilityincreasesrapidlywiththedecreaseofparticledi ameter.Whenitsdiameterreaches10100nm,itwillshowobvioussurfaceeffectandquantumeffect.Moreover,itwillshowhighphotocatalyticactivityif…     

载银TiO2/沸石催化剂的制备、表征以及光催化性能的研究

为获得高活性的负载型TiO2光催化剂，通过硝酸银溶液浸渍-紫外光照的方法获得载银的TiO2/沸石催化剂.银改 性的TiO2/沸石催化剂光催化性能较改性前大大提高.最佳硝酸银浸渍液浓度为10-3mol/L,此时该催化剂的光催化性能接 近纳米TiO2粉末（Degussa P25）,但进一步升高硝酸银浸渍液浓度，光催化性能又降低.实验通过X-射线衍射（XRD）和 透射电镜（TEM）对载银TiO2/沸石催化剂的表征,结果表明,金属银对电子的捕获使得电子-空穴对有效分离， 从而使银 改性光催化剂的活性提高.