高纯度、抗侵蚀玻璃窑硅砖的研制

我国玻璃产量已居世界首位,玻璃窑用耐火材料今后发展的主要任务是改善窑炉的设计、砌筑和使用维护水平,减少对玻璃质量的不利影响,延长玻璃窑的使用寿命.而硅砖在玻璃熔窑的砌筑中为主要耐火材料,主要用于玻璃窑的碹顶、吊墙上部以及前后墙.要提高玻璃窑炉的使用寿命,就要对硅砖的质量提出更高的要求.所以研究高纯度、抗侵蚀的玻璃窑用优质硅砖就可以在一定程度上延长玻璃窑的使用寿命.     

玻璃池窑的窑顶保温(续)

三、合理选择材料,窑顶适当保温目前,我国能够满足玻璃池炉窑顶保温要求的耐火材料十分缺乏,多数是选用硅砖.然而荷重软化温度在1700℃以上的高密度硅砖,生产量很少,供不应求.普通硅砖,其荷重软化温度在1650℃左右,CaO(作为矿化剂)引入量大,机械铁无法剔除.我们认为在玻璃池炉的窑顶保温,一定要尽可能选用荷重软化温度较高的耐火材料.用普通硅砖进行的窑顶保温,要选用BG_3-31,BG_3-61等中型砖.保温厚度不     

有氧化钠存在时玻璃对硅砖的浸蚀

在平板玻璃熔窑中广泛使用硅砖耐火材料,由于受Na_2O浸蚀,所以在高温下的蠕变和熔蚀是一个问题,即使在低温下,浸蚀物熔入玻璃,也会使玻璃制品中夹有杂质而影响玻璃质量.本研究考察了硅砖对Na_2O的吸收、玻璃相的状态和玻璃相状与硅砖组成的关系等.     

隔热硅砖的生产、性能及用途

在每个炉子的成套衬里,都是由一层或多层的耐火隔热层构成。因此,所有的耐火材料生产商想要提供致密又轻质的产品。炉操作者在烧制过程中能源消耗成本降低的需求促进了隔热材料的发展,对低密度和优质隔热材料有了更高的需求。本文阐述了隔热硅砖在玻璃和冶炼工业中的运用。文中还叙述了捷克P-D耐火材料公司隔热硅砖的发展历程、近期产品以及发展的新趋势。     

玻璃熔窑碹顶硅砖的性能和显微结构

本文借助于理化检验和显微结构分析研究了玻璃熔窑碹顶硅砖的组成和性质变化规律。发现碹顶硅砖在缓慢轻微地损耗的同时,在高温工作表面形成一个“净自化”带,并改善了高温机械性能。对玻璃熔窑用硅砖的有效质量指标作了评议。     

玻璃熔窑炉顶耐火材料

玻璃熔窑炉顶所承受的多种应力与所熔制的玻璃组成、熔窑的设计、熔炉的操作条件以及出料率等密切相关。 在一般情况下,以硅砖作为炉顶材料,然而有些玻璃如硼硅酸盐玻璃其需要的熔制温度超过1600℃,因而硅砖的利用受到限制,特别当存在较多气焰带起的料粉时,在这温度范围     

玻璃熔窑硅砖窑顶坍塌的分析

前言玻璃熔窑窑顶长期以来皆以硅砖砌筑.但是,近年来随着玻璃生产中熔化温度和熔化率的提高,熔窑其他部位优质熔铸耐火材料的成功使用,窑顶保温措施的采用,熔窑窑顶仍沿用普通硅砖就受到了限制.因此,国内外对优质硅砖的生产和使用普遍予以重     

玻璃窑用优质硅砖的研制与使用

叙述了玻璃窑用优质硅砖的国内外差距及优质硅砖的主要研制工艺,并讨论了影响产品主要性能的因素。生产和使用了该研制品,实践证明,该产品的理化性能指标达到了国际先进水平。     

玻璃窑用优质硅砖的相变及损毁机理

分析了残砖各段带的化学成分变化及相组成变化 ,指出硅砖的损毁机理是相变和蚀损。高纯致密的优质硅砖可以提高玻璃窑的使用效率和使用寿命     

低辐射玻璃--21世纪节能环保玻璃

随着中国经济的高速发展以及国家拉动内需战略的实施，中国建筑业、汽车业步人快速发展阶段，国内对于高性能的节能玻璃需求逐步增长，而我国现有的玻璃工业却未能及时调整战略跟上形势，还在进行大量低水乎重复建设，盲目扩大生产规模，导致玻璃工业竞争日趋激烈，生产厂家竞相压价，低于成本销售，已严重影响到我国玻璃工业的健康发展。近两年低辐射玻璃由于其较低的红外辐射率而具有优异的节能效果，在国外得到了很快的发展，因此被誉为21世纪的节能环保玻璃。中国玻璃工业迫切需要开发具有自有知识产权的低辐射玻璃生产技术以适应不断变化的市场需求。……     

硼硅酸盐玻璃对耐火材料的侵蚀研究

主要针对熔制硼硅酸盐玻璃时对锆刚玉砖、镁砖、硅砖的侵蚀情况进行实验分析.为合理选择熔窑耐火材料提供参考.     

玻璃熔窑池壁砖内贴水包冷却的开发研究

研究了玻璃熔窑上层池壁砖砖内贴水包的可行性。结果表明,该项技术的使用可以延长池壁砖的使用寿命,增加炉龄,减轻工人的劳动强度,降低生产成本。填补了国内池壁砖冷却的空白。     

浮法玻璃全氧燃烧技术发展

玻璃熔窑的全氧燃烧技术被称为是玻璃工业熔制技术的"第2次革命"。本文对全氧燃烧技术的发展现状、优点及其在浮法玻璃工业应用中遇到的问题进行介绍;结合全氧燃烧技术在600 t/d浮法玻璃生产线成功应用的经验,对全氧玻璃熔窑的设计、全氧燃烧对玻璃性能的影响,以及实际生产过程中玻璃液表面泡沫多、澄清困难等关键工艺技术难题进行了系统研究分析;并对该技术在浮法玻璃中的节能减排、运行成本等进行了分析及前景展望。     

我国电子玻纤生产技术发展与产品开发方向

本文详细介绍了我国大陆玻纤工业电子玻纤的生产技术发展历程、生产现状,并讨论了其生产发展特点：池窑拉丝已成为我国玻纤工业生产技术升级换代及高速增长的强大动力并成为玻纤工业规模化生产的主导;全行业生产规模连年持续增长,产业集中度逐步提高;玻璃纤维深加工、高附加值产品逐年增多,玻纤制品出口连年持续增长;探讨了电子玻纤新产品开发方向：薄型系列电子布、低介电常数电子布、开纤电子布、混纺或混织电子布、新型后处理剂电子布,同时提出了几点建议。     

基于张力测试的玻璃熔窑碹顶安全研究

生产过程中的侵蚀损毁和烤窑维修过程中的人为损害是影响玻璃池窑碹顶安全的主要因素。高温冲刷、碱蒸气侵蚀和热冲击将导致碹顶出现冲刷侵蚀、硅砖侵蚀、鼠洞、开裂和剥落,降低了其结构强度;不正确的拉条张力调整也将导致碹顶塌陷、下沉或错位,威胁其安全。基于振动频率法开发的碹顶拉条张力测试系统可以对碹顶侵蚀程度进行评估,也可以给拉条的张力调整提供准确度量,保障碹顶安全。该测试系统以河南安彩集团的两个典型熔窑为对象进行了碹顶安全状况试验研究。     

A Discussion on Stability of Mg-Al-spinel Crown of Glass Melters

In order to understand the failure mechanism of magnesia-alumina spinel crown of glass melters,a discussion on the stability of Mg-Al-spinel crown of glass melters was given in this paper.The discussion focused on the weight balance in the crown arch made of spinel or silica bricks,the creep of spinel crown bricks at high temperatures,the thermal stress distribution in crown bricks as well as at brick joints,and the displacement behavior of crown arch during heat-up of glass melter.It is believed that the tangential stress in spinel crown is much higher than that in silica crown due to the large differenee in their densities,and that the thermal stresses in the crown brick result in opening of a part of the brickto-brick joints at the cold side of the crown,and increase of the tangential stress needed for balancing the weight of the crown.Both defect migration in lattice or along grain boundary and viscous flow in glass phase at grain boundary contribute to the creep of crown bricks at high temperatures.The creep of the matrix of spinel brick is more significant than that of coarse grains because impurities,such as silica and calcia,are concentrated in it.For keeping the crown stable during heat-up period it is important to adjust properly the horizontal positions of each skew brick as temperature increasing based on correctly evaluating the thermal expansion according to the thermal expansion coefficient of the crown brick.     

CHECKER BRICK FOR RESISTING ALKALINE SLAGS1

Checker brick of varying composition were tested by placing them in the regenerators of two glass tank furnaces. The operation of one furnace was representative of those making the usual grade of bottle glass while the other was operated at a considerably higher temperature and with a more corrosive dust. The amount of corrosion of the checker brick varied directly with the silica content of the brick. Those highest in alumina gave excellent service in the regenerator operating at the lower temperature. In the other regenerator, however, the. dust adhered to the high alumina brick and tended to clog the regenerator while it apparently fluxed and drained off of those higher in silica, leaving free passage for the gases. The brick were tested in the laboratory by making into cones with various percentages of the corrosive dust and determining the fusion point of the cones. The results agree closely with those obtained from the service tests. Detailed results including partial analyses of the brick and flue dust are given.     

THE INSULATION OF ROOFS OF GLASS FURNACES

It is unjustifiable to assume that a furnace roof cannot be safely insulated. The principal variables controlling the possibility of safe insulation are: (1) temperature of bath below melting point of silica brick roof; (2) transparency of the atmosphere within the furnace, i.e., no possibility of impingement of dense hot flames. The data of this paper are taken from observations on a glass tank furnace in which the combustion rate (B.t.u. per cu. ft. per hr.) is very low. A testing method is described which will show whether or not insulation is safe for any given furnace, considering only the temperature of the inside face of the brick as affected by the application of insulation. The possibility that if the roof is insulated the progress of fluxing of the silica brick by dust and fumes within the furnace may be accelerated because the higher mean temperature of the brick is considered. In the furnace observed, corrosive dust and fumes were in the gases to a considerable extent, yet no unusual deterioration of the roof brick was noted after three years of insulation under continuous operation.     

玻璃熔窑换向燃烧技术的发展和未来

在对玻璃熔窑换向燃烧技术归纳总结的基础上,阐述了玻璃熔窑燃烧系统不断升级的过程,并从技术发展的角度探讨了玻璃熔窑换向燃烧技术和装备的发展方向。