低温快烧建筑卫生陶瓷低碳经济下的正确选择

介绍了在低碳经济的大环境下,我国建筑卫生陶瓷的发展方向和出路,提出了低温快烧是建筑卫生陶瓷低碳经济下正确的选择,对我国建筑卫生陶瓷低温快烧历史、成绩与现状作了综述,并且详细介绍了低温快烧的原料和配和对乳浊釉和窑炉提出具体要求。     

建筑陶瓷干法生产与卫生陶瓷3D打印

笔者提出建筑陶瓷干法生产和卫生陶瓷3D打印的主张,对我国建筑陶瓷生产现状和干法生产工艺流程与卫生陶瓷生产现状和3D打印的难点以及低温快烧等进行深入分析,并提出了解决方法,以实现建筑卫生陶瓷绿色低碳经济生产的目标。     

利用地产原料研制低温快烧卫生陶瓷

目前我国建筑卫生陶瓷在产量、质量、品种和工艺技术等方面均得到较快的发展。但是与发达国家相比差距仍很大,其主要问题是烧成温度高,烧成周期长,窑炉热损耗大、能耗高等,而低温快烧技术的开发正是解决这些问题的关键。国家对卫生陶瓷的低温快烧技术非常重视,已列入“八五”规划,并投入大量的人力、物力进行研究。     

读者信箱

问：当前低温快烧陶瓷原料的现状如何,常用的低温快烧原料有哪些？答：1当前低温快烧陶瓷原料的现状从20世纪70年代以来,建筑卫生陶瓷产品的烧成温度有了大幅度的下降,如卫生陶瓷烧成温度由1300℃下降为1150～1200℃;釉面砖素烧温度由1180℃下降到1050～1100℃,釉烧温度由1080℃下降为1020℃;炻器烧成温度由1350℃下降为1220～1250℃;骨质瓷素烧温度由1180℃下降为1100～1150℃;耐火材料硅砖由1400℃下降为1300～1340℃。     

卫生陶瓷快烧隧道窑的截面温度及其均衡

简要说明了卫生陶瓷实现快速烧成的必要性及其发展状况,着重介绍了快烧隧道窑中各阶段的截面分布全面分析了均衡卫生陶瓷快烧隧道窑截面温度的具体措施。     

建筑陶瓷低温快烧原料的选择

本文从烧成理论和生产实践两方面出发，全面论述了建筑陶瓷低温快烧工艺对其原料的性能要求，分析了原料低温烧成和快速烧成两种性能之间的辩证关系，提出了选择低温快烧原料时要注意的若干现实问题及其正确的选择原则。     

建筑卫生陶瓷行业工程设计的发展方向

介绍了新中国成立后我国建筑卫生陶瓷行业工程设计方面的发展变化概况，着重反映了从事建筑卫生陶瓷行业的工程设计单位对我国建筑卫生陶瓷行业发展做出的重大贡献；最后，指出了设计单位在市场竞争的大环境下所面临的严峻形势和发展方向。     

低温乳浊白釉的试制

就地取材,积极挖掘利用当地劣质原料和工业废渣、尽量少用或不用外地原料进行生产低温建筑卫生陶瓷已列入发展我国建筑卫生陶瓷的战略方针和政策。低质原料含铁钛等杂质较高,用其配制的坯体烧后白度低,因此,对高乳浊度的乳白釉进行深入的研究和探讨就更具现实意义。本文对利用本厂资源—废旧匣钵及本地廉价资源运用于法造粒工艺生产的含铁1.73％的素坯相适应的低温乳浊釉进行了试制,并达到了各项部颁标准。同时对锆英石的乳浊进行了探讨。     

读者信箱

问：建筑卫生陶瓷有哪些装饰种类？
　　答：建筑卫生陶瓷的装饰分釉装饰和坯装饰。其中釉装饰包括釉上、釉下、釉中和釉层装饰。
　　釉上装饰是指制品经过焙烧后通过各种方法将彩料覆着在釉面上,再经过低温彩烤,得到丰富多彩的装饰效果。它是建筑卫生陶瓷装饰的主要方法。因装饰在釉面上,彩烧温度较低,图案不耐磨,但由于彩烤温度低,所以可获得较多的色彩。     

读者信箱

问：透辉石是一种新型的陶瓷工业矿产资源，也是釉面砖及卫生陶瓷低温快烧的好原料，它的基本特性是什么？     

陶瓷行业如何应对低碳经济时代的来临

主要介绍了低碳及低碳经济的概念、低碳经济提出的背景及陶瓷工业的现状,综述了低碳经济条件下陶瓷行业所面临的挑战,详细论述了陶瓷行业在低碳经济条件下的发展策略及发展途径。     

氮化铝陶瓷低温真空热压烧结研究

以自蔓延高温合成的AIN粉体为原料,Y2O3、Dy2O3、La2O3为添加剂,采用真空热压烧结工艺,实现了含有添加剂的AIN陶瓷体的低温烧结;研究了烧结温度对AIN烧结性能的影响。用XRD、SEM对AIN高压烧结体进行了表征。研究表明：粉体粒径、烧结工艺、烧结助剂对AIN陶瓷低温烧结真空热压烧结性能有很大影响;含烧结助剂的真空热压烧结能够有效降低AIN陶瓷的烧结温度并缩短烧结时间,使烧结体的结构致密。烧结温度1550℃条件下,真空热压烧结90min时,得到的AIN陶瓷的致密度最高。     

内蒙古自治区低碳经济发展的潜力分析

分析了内蒙古自治区碳排放情况,通过对内蒙古自治区"十二五"和未来在经济发展方式的转变、低碳能源的开发、碳汇、政策管理和宣传教育五个方面发展低碳经济的潜力进行分析,探讨了内蒙古低碳经济发展的优势和机遇。     

Improving the ecological characteristics of firing processes of ceramic parts

Conclusions Production use of a method of catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides under conditions of high temperature firing of technical ceramics has shown the possibility of reducing their concentration by 30% and that of carbon monoxide by 15% without a change in the parameters of thermal operation of the kiln. Reliable operation of the coating for 900 h of kiln service makes it possible to recommend the method of suppression of nitrogen oxides for modernization of refractory industry firing kilns. The coating composition developed and tested answers the rigid service requirements of high-temperature thermal processes.Translated from Qgneupory, No. 6, pp. 34–36, June, 1993.     

低温烧结SiC-Al2O3-Y2O3复相陶瓷的研究

以SiC微粉为主要原料，添加适量氧化物复合烧结助剂在相对低的温度下烧结制成性能优良的精细SiC复相陶瓷材料，能满足耐磨陶瓷部件、机械密封件的使用要求，生产成本低，具有较强的实用价值。     

Low Li2O content study in Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2 glass-ceramics

The price of lithium-containing minerals and other chemical materials continues to increase, resulting in an increase in the production cost of Li₂O-Al₂O₃-SiO₂ (LAS) system glass-ceramics. In the LAS glass-ceramics component, the reduction in the amount of Li₂O used can reduce the cost of the product. It is worthwhile to study whether it is possible to prepare glass-ceramics with low expansion properties under low Li₂O content. The effect of Li₂O content on the glass-ceramics of LAS system was studied. In this paper, spodumene was used as the main raw material, and TiO₂ and ZrO₂ were added as crystal nucleating agents to prepare transparent glass-ceramics with low expansion coefficient. The effects of the change of Li₂O content on the crystal phase and microstructure of glass-ceramics were investigated by XRD, DSC, FTIR and SEM. The results show that the main crystalline phase of the low expansion transparent glass-ceramics is β-quartz solid solution. When Li₂O content is in the range of 2.99 wt% to 4.13 wt%, low expansion glass ceramics can be prepared by an appropriate method. With the increase of Li₂O content, the average coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) in the temperature range of 30 °C–300 °C shows a decreasing trend. When Li₂O content is in the range of 3.51 wt% to 4.13 wt%, the thermal expansion coefficient of the glass ceramics is extremely small, and even a negative expansion coefficient occurs.     

燃用不同燃料的陶瓷隧道窑热工性能分析——兼述使用发生炉煤气与液化石油气的经济性

本文分析了陶瓷隧道窑使用煤、重油、柴油、煤气烧成产品的热工性能及使用发生炉煤气与液化石油气的经济性。指出各地区要根据自己燃料资源的现状及产品结构，合理地选择和使用燃料。生产日用细瓷的厂家，要实现优质、高产、节约能源，保护环境之目的，应选用柴油及洁净的气体燃料。     

低碳经济与煤化工的若干问题分析

低碳经济是一种以低能耗、低污染、低排放为基础的经济发展模式。简述了低碳经济的概念及特征;分析和探讨了低碳经济时代煤化工发展的相关问题,指出节能降耗是煤化工产业减少排放CO_2的重要措施;剖析了CO_2处理的三种方式,即有效处理、无效处理和逆效处理。     

Low temperature preparation of CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics with high permittivity and low dielectric loss

Low temperature preparation of CaCu₃Ti₄O₁₂ ceramics with large permittivity is of practical interest for cofired multilayer ceramic capacitors. Although CaCu₃Ti₄O₁₂ ceramics have been prepared at low temperatures as previously reported, they have rather low permittivity. This work demonstrates that CaCu₃Ti₄O₁₂ ceramics can not only be prepared at low temperatures, but they also have large permittivity. Herein, CaCu₃Ti₄O₁₂ ceramics were prepared by the solid state reaction method using B₂O₃ as the doping substance. It has been shown that B₂O₃ dopant can considerably lower the calcination and sintering temperatures to 870 °C and 920 °C, respectively. The relative permittivity of the low temperature prepared CaCu₃Ti_4−xB_xO₁₂ ceramics is about 5 times larger than the previously reported results in the literature. Furthermore, the dielectric loss of the CaCu₃Ti_4−xB_xO₁₂ ceramics is found to be as low as 0.03. This work provides a beneficial base for the future commercial applications of CaCu₃Ti₄O₁₂ ceramics with large permittivity for the cofired multilayer ceramic capacitors.