高吸水性树脂与PVC共混的研究

用高吸水性树脂与PVC共混制备了吸水膨胀性PVC共混物。实验证明,部分水解丙烯酸甲酯—醋酸乙烯酯HP(MA—VAC)和丙烯酸甲酯—醋酸乙烯酯—甲基丙烯酸甲酯HP(MA—VAC—MMA)共聚物与PVC共混效果更好。研究了影响共混物吸水率和力学性质的各种因素。结果表明,随高吸水性树脂用量增加,共混物吸水率显著增加。当吸水树脂用量大于40%时,共混物的拉伸强度和断裂仲长率下降。共混物最大吸水率达22.17克水/克共混物,最大膨胀度为15倍。     

CPE/PVC共混体系对增塑产品性能的影响

PVC/CPE共混体系对增塑产品性能的影响,与CPE的氯含量和加入的CPE份数有关,含氟量42％的CPE对PVC的增塑贡献较含氯量36％的CPE大。制品的加热损失率随CPE树脂的氧含量增大而增加、拉伸强度下降、邵氏硬度降低、断裂伸长率增大。共混体系随着加入CPE—42份数的增加,拉伸强度下降、断裂伸长率和邵氏硬度大大地得到改善、加热损失率明显降低、低温冷冻复位时间明显缩小。     

PP/有机硅树脂阻燃体系的性能研究

采用有机硅树脂阻燃剂阻燃改性聚丙烯(PP),研究有机硅阻燃剂用量对PP共混体系的阻燃性能及其力学性能的影响。结果显示:随着有机硅树脂阻燃剂用量的增加,PP共混物的极限氧指数逐渐增大,共混体系的拉伸强度和弯曲强度有一定程度的降低,而断裂伸长率和冲击强度则下降幅度较大。当加入20%的有机硅树脂阻燃剂时,其极限氧指数由纯PP的17.8%增加到25.5%,当有机硅树脂阻燃剂的质量分数20%,PP的拉伸强度和弯曲强度分别降低了18.48%、12.47%,而断裂伸长率和冲击强度分别降低了57.72%、68.90%。     

PE/PVC共混物与PE界面黏结性能研究

为改善聚氯乙烯(PVC)和聚乙烯(PE)界面黏结性能,制备了一系列PE/PVC共混物及其与PE的黏结材料,探究了原料比例和成型温度对(PE/PVC)/PE界面黏结性能的影响。结果表明,PE/PVC共混物为不相容体系。共混物中随着PE含量升高,体系拉伸强度增大,断裂伸长率升高。(PE/PVC)/PE材料中,随着PE/PVC共混物中PVC含量升高,PE/PVC与PE的界面黏结强度先升高后降低。成型温度升高,界面黏结性能提高。在PE/PVC比例为60/40、黏结温度为100℃时,PE/PVC共混物与PE的界面黏结强度最大,可与共混物拉伸强度接近。     

PVC/EPDM-g-MAH合金力学性能研究

以通用型PVC树脂为基体,使用EPDM-g-MAH通过双螺杆挤出机对其进行共混改性,研究了EPDM-g-MAH的含量对EPDM-g-MAH与PVC共混合金的力学性能的影响。结果表明:随着EPDM-g-MAH含量的增加,合金的拉伸强度降低;断裂伸长率升高但有波动,超过20%后,不断增大;在EPDM-g-MAH含量0～5%范围内,合金的冲击强度随着弹性体的增加,5%时出现极大值,随后冲击强度有波动,在超过20%后,合金的冲击强度随EPDM-g-MAH含量的增加而增大。     

低密度聚乙烯/聚乳酸共混物性能的研究

利用熔融成型法制得不同聚乳酸(PLA)质量分数的低密度聚乙烯/聚乳酸(PE–LD/PLA)共混物,并对PE–LD/PLA共混物的结构和性能进行研究。结果表明,共混物中PLA相与PE–LD相之间没有发生化学反应,它是PLA与PE–LD的一种简单混合物。共混物中的PLA含量对其力学性能和亲水性均有很大影响。随着PLA含量的增加,共混物的断裂伸长率逐渐降低而拉伸强度和拉伸弹性模量逐渐增大,共混物的亲水性增加,且随着降解时间的增加,共混物的断裂伸长率轻微增加而拉伸强度和拉伸弹性模量小幅度降低,这些现象均与PLA是一种强度高但柔韧性较差的亲水性高分子材料有关。     

化学交联PE-LD/SBS共混物的形状记忆效应研究

分别用3种不同苯乙烯含量的苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物(SBS)与低密度聚乙烯(PE-LD)混合制成共混物,采用过氧化苯甲酰(BPO)为引发剂,使共混物发生化学交联形成网状结构,对交联共混物的交联度进行了分析,测试了交联共混物的拉伸强度与断裂伸长率,探讨了交联共混物的形状记忆效应。结果表明,在PE-LD/SBS共混物中,随着BPO含量的增加,共混物的交联度增大;BPO含量固定时,随着SBS中丁二烯含量的增大共混物的交联度增大;随着交联度的增加,共混物的拉伸强度与断裂伸长率均下降;当BPO含量为0.5 %～1.5 %时,交联共混物具有良好的形状记忆效应。     

LDPE改性热塑性聚烯烃弹性体的研究

以低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)改性热塑性聚烯烃弹性体(POE),经挤出共混成片材。研究了LDPE含量对POE/LDPE共混物硬度、密度、拉伸强度和断裂伸长率的影响。并用动态热机械分析仪对共混物的热力学行为进行了表征。实验结果表明:随着LDPE含量的增加,POE-6102/LDPE共混物的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率变化不大,硬度和密度增大;随着LDPE含量的增加,POE-021/LDPE共混物的拉伸强度和密度随之提高,断裂伸长率和硬度变化不大;随着LDPE含量的增加,POE-6102/LDPE共混物的tanδ值逐渐减小,POE-021/LDPE共混物的tanδ值变化不大,且有2个部分重叠的T_g峰,随着频率的提高,2种共混物的玻璃化转变温度提高。     

复合增塑剂改性PLA共混物的结构与性能

采用HM-128,HM-529两种增塑剂复配对聚乳酸(PLA)进行熔融共混改性,研究增塑剂用量对共混物的流变性能、拉伸性能和微观形态结构的影响,筛选增塑剂复配最佳配比和用量.结果表明,确定HM-128与HM-529质量比为1:1保持不变,随着增塑剂用量增加,共混物的平衡转矩和拉伸强度降低、断裂伸长率增加、撕裂强度呈先增加后减小的趋势,淬冷断面由平整变为粗糙;在复合增塑剂总质量分数16%不变的情况下,随着复配增塑剂中HM-529含量的增加,共混物的平衡转矩增大、断裂伸长率提高,当HM-128/HM-529质量比=1/1时,共混物的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和撕裂强度分别为35.6 MPa,209.2%和30.6 N/cm,淬冷断面非常粗糙,获得了良好的增韧效果,共混物的综合性能最理想.     

PVC/TPU/NBR三元共混物的制备及性能研究

对PVC／热塑性聚氨酯（TPU）／SR三元共混物的性能进行研究，重点讨论NBR品种、TPU／NBR并用比、PVC聚合度、增塑剂DOP和硫化剂DCP用量对PVC／TPU／NBR三元共混物性能的影响。结果表明。PVC／TPU／NBR-3604三元共混物的物理性能较优；PVC／TPU／NBR-3604三元共混物的拉断伸长率和拉断永久变形均随着PVC聚合度的增大基本呈上升趋势；随着增塑剂DOP用量的增大，共混物的邵尔A型硬度、拉伸强度、撕裂强度和拉断永久变形均基本呈下降趋势，拉断伸长率增大；随着硫化剂DCP用量的增大。共混物的拉伸强度和拉断伸长率变化不大，撕裂强度基本呈逐渐减小的趋势。不同PVC／TPU／SR三元共混物的扫描电子显微镜照片表明，NBR与PVC和TPU的相容性较好。     

不同改性蒙脱土对ENR/PVC共混型TPV填充效果的研究

采用熔融插层法制备了聚氯乙烯/蒙脱土(PVC/MMT)插层产物,再将该产物与环氧化天然橡胶(ENR)在密炼机中进行熔融共混制备ENR/PVC/MMT共混型热塑性弹性体(TPV),研究了不同改性MMT对共混物力学性能、热稳定性以及动态力学性能的影响。结果表明:二甲基双十八烷基铵改性蒙脱土(MMT-2C18)能显著提高ENR/PVC共混型TPV的拉伸强度,无机MMT能显著提高ENR/PVC的断裂伸长率,十八烷基铵改性蒙脱土(MMT-C18)会降低TPV的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率;有机改性MMT会促进TPV中PVC的降解,使得复合材料的热稳定性降低;动态热力学分析显示,MMT可使复合材料的储能模量增加,其中有机改性MMT使材料的损耗因数(tanδ)曲线峰强降低,峰宽变宽。     

Enhancement of PVC/ENR blend properties by poly(methyl acrylate) grafted oil palm empty fruit bunch fiber

Effect of oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) fiber and poly(methyl acrylate) grafted OPEFB on several mechanical properties of poly(vinyl chloride)/epoxidized natural rubber (PVC/ENR) blends were studied. The composites were prepared by mixing the fiber and the PVC/ENR blends using HAKEE Rheomixer at the rotor speed of 50 rpm, mixing temperature 150°C, and mixing period of 20 min. The fiber loadings were varied from 0 to 30% and the effect of fiber content in the composites on their ultimate tensile strength (UTS), Young's modulus, elongation at break, flexural modulus, hardness, and impact strength were determined. An increasing trend was observed in the Young's modulus, flexural modulus, and hardness with the addition of grafted and ungrafted fiber to the PVC/ENR blends. However the impact strength, UTS, and elongation at break of the composites were found to decrease with the increase in fiber loading. An increase in elongation at break and UTS and decrease in the flexural and Young's modulus was observed with the addition of PMA‐g‐OPEFB fiber compared to ungrafted fiber. This observation indicates that grafting of PMA onto OPEFB impart some flexibility to the blend. The morphology of cryogenically fractured and tensile fracture surfaces of the composites, examined by a scanning electron microscope shows that the adhesion between the fiber and the matrix is improved upon grafting of the OPEFB fiber. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

PPC/PBAT共混复合材料性能的研究

采用双螺杆挤出机制备了聚碳酸亚丙酯/聚对苯二甲酸-己二酸丁二酯共混复合材料(PPC/PBAT)。考察了PPC、扩链剂和增塑剂用量对该共混材料力学性能和流变性能的影响。研究结果表明:在PPC/PBAT共混体系中,随PPC用量的增加,拉伸强度逐渐提高,而断裂伸长率和熔体流动速率(MFR)不断降低;而扩链剂二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)的引入,改善了PPC与PBAT的相容性,且随着MDI用量的增加,共混材料的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率呈增加趋势,而MFR则持续降低;另外,当体系中加入增塑剂柠檬酸三丁酯后,随其用量的增加,PPC/PBAT共混材料的拉伸强度降低,而断裂伸长率和MFR持续提高。     

PVC/ABS共混体系力学性能的研究

用冲击试验机、材料试验机和另外一些相关的仪器对PVC/ABS共混体系的力学性能进行了测试、研究,结果发现,PVC/ABS共混体系的性能是组分的函数。ABS的加入改善了PVC/ABS共混体系的力学性能,随着ABS的增加,体系的冲击强度和断裂伸长率明显地提高,而体系的拉伸强度、拉伸模量几乎是随ABS含量的增加而单调地下降。     

Synergistic effect of hindered amine light stabilizers/ultraviolet absorbers on the polyvinyl chloride/powder nitrile rubber blends during photodegradation

The photostability of hindered amine light stabilizer (HALS) and ultraviolet absorber (UVA) on the blends of plasticized poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) and powder nitrile rubber (NBR) has been studied with a Xenon Test Chamber. The digital photos, color differences, attenuated total refection‐Fourier transform infrared (ATR‐FTIR) spectra and mechanical properties of the blends have been determined. HALS combined with UVA effectively protects PVC/NBR blends from yellowing and restrains the decrease of elongation at break of the blends. The synergistic phenomenon is ascribed to the different photostable mechanisms of HALS and UVA at different photo aging stages. The color of PVC/NBR control sample quickly changes into yellow at the first 400 h of irradiation, due to the polyenes structures that induced by the double bonds of butadiene in NBR. From 400 to 800 h, crosslinking dominates and the amount of polyenes decreases, resulting into the decrease of color change. At the early stage of irradiation, chain‐scission of polymer takes the predominant place, and the tensile strength decreases. But during the latter stage, crosslinking takes the predominant place and the tensile strength increases slightly. HALS and UVA have a little effect on the maintaining of elongation at break of PVC/NBR blends. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2013. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers     

两亲性超支化聚（胺-酯）对PVC／PP共混体系的增容作用

研究了两亲性超支化聚（胺-酯）（A-HPAE）对PVC／PP共混体系的增容作用，讨论了其用量对PVC／A-HPAE／PP共混体系力学性能和复数黏度的影响。结果表明，在PVC／PP共混物中加入2份（质量份，下同）A-HPAE时，能很好地改善共混体系的相容性，使共混物的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率分别达到26．18mPa和18．72％，比未加的分别提高了107．67％和34．68％；共混体系的绝对复数黏度随着A-HPAE用量的增大而降低；扫描电子显微镜分析表明，A-HPAE增强了PVC和PP之间的界面黏结作用，减小了共混体系中分散相的尺寸。     

Thermal and mechanical properties of electron beam irradiated poly(vinyl chloride)/polystyrene blends

The effect of electron beam irradiation on the thermal and mechanical properties of poly(vinyl chloride)/polystyrene (PVC/PS) blends and PVC/PS blends containing epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) was studied. The thermogravimetric analysis study showed that the thermal decomposition of the plasticized PVC individual polymer goes through two stages, whereas PS decomposes through one stage. However, the temperature of the maximum rate of reaction (T_max) of PS is much higher than that for PVC and their blends. Meanwhile, the T_max was found to increase with increasing PS ratios in the blend. The thermal stability of PVC/PS blends was greatly increased after electron beam irradiation in comparison with unirradiated blends. Moreover, the addition of ENR to PVC/PS increased the thermal stability. On the other hand, the mechanical properties in terms of tensile strength and elongation at break of PVC/PS blends are lower than pure PVC polymer because of the immiscibility. However, the addition of ENR to the PVC/PS (80/20) blend increased the elongation at break from 114 to 321% associated with a small effect on the tensile properties. These behaviors were supported by structure morphology studies observations, which indicate an improvement in the interfacial adhesion between the phases. POLYM. COMPOS., 2008. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers     

增容剂对HDPE／AS合金流变和力学性能的影响

研究了增容剂氯化聚乙烯接枝（丙烯腈／苯乙烯）共聚物对ＨＤＰＥ／ＡＳ共混体系加工流变性能和力学性能的影响。增容剂使共混体系的塑化时间减少,且随着增容剂用量的增加,共混体系的平衡扭矩和拉伸强度增大,而断裂伸长率在ＨＤＰＥ／ＡＳ／ＰＥ－Ｃ－ｇ－ＡＳ＝８０／２０／４时出现极大值;螺杆转速的增加使共混体系的平衡扭矩增大。