双极膜及其研究进展

介绍了双极膜水解离电渗析技术的原理,双极膜的制造、应用以及国内外对双极膜的研究及发展动向。     

影响双极膜电学性能的几个关键问题的讨论

从化学动力学角度讨论了双极膜中间层催化剂的选择,双极膜中间层水的补充问题是双极膜的性能至关重要,导出阴阳膜匹配的阻抗公式,说明其电阻不是简单的阴阳膜电阻之和。     

双极膜在食品工业领域中的应用

双极膜作为一种新型膜发展很快,并在近几年里得到了迅速的发展。双极膜电渗析技术在食品工业领域中的应用非常广泛,食品工业与人类息息相关,因此从理论研究和应用两方面阐述了双极膜中水解离、电渗析技术等理论研究和双极膜电渗析技术在食品领域中的广泛应用。     

双极膜电渗析技术制备有机酸的应用进展

由于双极膜电渗析技术具有绿色、节能、高效等优势,在有机酸制备领域有显著的工业应用价值和环境效益,引发了众多学者和生产企业的广泛兴趣,成为当前研究的热点.讨论了双极膜电渗析技术的工作原理、结构特点以及在有机酸工业化生产领域的最新应用,同时指出了双极膜电渗析技术在有机酸制备规模化应用面临的机遇和挑战,以期能推动双极膜技术的...     

双极膜电渗析技术在制酸领域的研究进展

介绍了近年来为提高双极膜性能出现的新型制备工艺,分析了不同膜堆构型在酸制备过程中的适用性。综述了双极膜电渗析技术在制备有机酸、无机酸领域的最新研究进展,特别是将双极膜电渗析技术与现有技术的耦合应用方面以降低双极膜电渗析制酸成本,提高其市场竞争力。最后对实现制酸产业"零排放"的前景进行了展望。     

双极膜的理论及应用展望

本文简述了双极膜基本理论研究现状及发展状态，介绍了双极离子膜的应用。     

膜技术在工业上的应用

膜技术是一项新型和高效率分离技术,近年来已经得到了迅速的发展,并且双极膜作为一种新膜非常迅速发展.探索了双极膜替代这传统离子交换工艺的可能性,简要介绍了利用电渗析原理和双极膜理论使用双极膜技术的基础理论和工业应用.     

双极膜的制备

在双极膜制备中，通过添加适当的催化介质如多级胺类，金属氧化物和氢氧化物可有效的改善双极膜的性能。在本研究工作中通过添加催化介质和控制双极膜介面层清析度，制得性能良好的双极膜。工作电压在１００ｍＡ／ｃｍ＾２时，用１．０Ｎ ＮａＳＯ４测试膜电压降为１．５￣２．５Ｖ。     

双极膜在环境保护方面的应用研究进展

双极膜作为一种新型的环境材料,近年来其在环境保护方面的应用研究硕果累累。随着对双极膜工作过程机理的深入研究,从膜结构、膜材料和制备过程上进行改进,使制得的双极膜在性能上有较大提高,膜的应用在污水治理和清洁生产方面有了新的技术突破。     

双极膜技术

1 一般介绍。用双极膜来产生质子和氢氧离子是一种诱人的工艺流程,但终因目前的双极膜质量太差而难以投入大规模的商业应用。目前的双极膜在高pH值时化学稳定性不好,而且在脱水处理后产生了高的电阻。本文旨在介绍国外研究开发新的双极膜的情况,这种双极膜在pH值超过12的碱溶液里仍具有优良的化学稳定性,电     

Asymmetric bipolar membrane electrodialysis for acid and base production

Bipolar membrane electrodialysis (BMED) is a promising technique for upgrading traditional manufacturing procedures and achieving a circular economy. However, the industrial applications of BMED technology have been restricted by the large consumption of expensive bipolar membranes and the unmatching behavior between water splitting and ion migration. Herein, we proposed a novel asymmetric bipolar membrane electrodialysis (ABMED) to regulate the water splitting in the bipolar membrane and orientational ion migration in the electrodialysis (ED). It was found that the ABMED exhibited comparable performances to BMED for acid/base production when the area of the bipolar membrane was reduced to 50% of the monopolar membrane. The total process cost of ABMED was 0.78 $/kg NaOH, which is 21% lower than the BMED process. The asymmetric membrane design was capable to boost the water splitting in the bipolar membrane and to eliminate the concentration polarization in the ED process.     

双极膜制备及改性研究进展

双极膜作为一种新型复合离子交换膜,以其独特的优点,为化工、环境科学和能源利用等领域中存在已久的诸多技术难题提供了新的思路和解决办法。目前,国内外关于双极膜的研究主要集中于通过对膜材料和中间层的改性以促进双极膜的水解离,提高双极膜离子交换能力和降低能耗等方面。本文介绍了热压成型法、黏合成型法、流延成型法,含浸法等双极膜制备方法的原理、特点、应用实例和新进展,并对比分析了各种方法的优势和存在的不足。同时,从膜材料改性和中间层改性两个方面对近年来双极膜的改性研究进行了重点讨论。最后指出,国内多数双极膜的制备仍处于实验研究阶段,将接枝、共混、离子辐射等膜材料改性方法应用于双极膜的制备中,同时寻找亲水性好、耐高温性能好的基膜材料将是双极膜制备领域的重要方向。     

BPM2型双极膜电渗析装置的研制

目前国内能正式应用的双极膜电渗析装置比较缺乏,根据双极膜装置的特点与要求,参考国内外先进的电渗析装置的有关技术,研制出适合双极膜电渗析过程的装置.该装置具有耐腐蚀(耐强酸、强碱、有机溶剂)、膜堆体积小(隔板厚度为0.6mm),有效膜面积比率大、密封效果好、防漏电,防内漏、阻力小、电流效率高、使用寿命长、可以多次反复拆装等特点.本文介绍了装置的主要构成、特性及测试情况,并对几种典型的双极膜过程进行陛能测试,发现其各种性能比文献报道的装置均有所改进,从而为我国双极膜的推广应用提供成型的装置以及为理论研究提供研究平台.     

双极膜电渗析处理生物质水解液的过程性能研究

在由双极膜和阴离子交换膜组成的两室双极膜电渗析装置中,研究了生物质水解液糖、酸分离和酸回收的过程性能。考察了不同膜对、进料浓度、电流密度、处理室循环流量及操作温度等因素对于处理水解液过程中的电流效率和平均功耗的影响。结果表明,由BP-1双极膜与A501SB阴离子交换膜组成的膜对的性能最佳;过程的电流效率随进料液酸浓度的增大而下降,过高酸浓度的水解液进料对电渗析分离过程不利;较高操作电流密度条件下电流效率高,利于降低功耗,本装置的处理室适宜循环流量为30.0 mL/m in;操作温度的升高,对提高电流效率作用不明显,但利于降低平均功耗,本实验装置的合适操作温度为35℃。     

A simple model to determine the trends of electric-field-enhanced water dissociation in a bipolar membrane. II. Consideration of water electrotransport and monolayer asymmetry

This work elucidates the mechanism of electric-field-enhanced water dissociation. Particular attention has been given to the influences of water electrotransport and monolayer asymmetry on the water dissociation process. A simple model was proposed with consideration of these two factors and mathematically analyzed in term of thickness ratio, fixed group concentration ratio and water diffusivity ratio of the anion selective layer to the cation selective layer on typical current density curves of bipolar membranes. The results suggest that for practical applications, an asymmetric bipolar membrane with proper ion-exchange capacity and high permeability to water is more effective than a symmetric one. Theoretical simulation values were compared with both the theoretically calculated data by a model without consideration of water electrotransport and the experimental current voltage curves. It is shown that the calculated potential across a bipolar membrane is higher at given current density, which permits a more precise prediction of experimental I–V curves for the case of a bipolar membrane with high water permeability. However, for a bipolar membrane with poorer water permeability, it seems that the calculated value with the model without consideration of water electrotransport is closer to the experimental values, but the model with consideration of water electrotransport can effectively predict the over-limiting current density.     

Reviewing Metallic PEMFC Bipolar Plates

A bipolar plate is one of the most important components in a polymer exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) stack and has multiple functions. Metallic bipolar plate candidates have advantages over composite rivals in excellent electrical and thermal conductivity, good mechanical strength, high chemical stability, very wide alloy choices, low cost and, most importantly, existing pathways for high‐volume, high‐speed mass production. The challenges with metallic bipolar plates are the higher contact resistance and possible corrosion products, which may contaminate the membrane electrode assembly. This review evaluates the candidate metallic and coating materials for bipolar plates and gives the perspective of the research trends.     

双极性涂料与腐蚀防护

双极性涂层(底漆具阴离子交换膜性质,面漆具阳离子交换膜性质)源于半个多世纪以来腐蚀防护的研究成果。现在研发的双极性涂料,会给市场提供一个全新的高性能重防腐涂料。双极性涂料的概念也将有助于研发各种新型防腐涂料。     

Preparation of a mono‐sheet bipolar membrane by simultaneous irradiation grafting polymerization of acrylic acid and chloromethylstyrene

A new type of mono‐sheet bipolar membrane was produced from a porous polyethylene (PE) substrate using simultaneous irradiation grafting polymerization of acrylic acid (AA) on one side and chloromethylstyrene (CMS) on the other side. PE film with absorbent filter paper absorbing AA on one side and paper absorbing CMS on the other side was irradiated in the cobalt‐60 gamma ray irradiation field, followed by quaternization with trimethylamine aqueous solution. AA and CMS were grafted on the substrate membrane simultaneously. The performance of the final membrane is significantly affected by the irradiation time. For short irradiation time, the prepared membrane behaves as a bipolar membrane; whereas for long irradiation time, the final membrane behaves as a charge mosaic membrane. Therefore, by controlling the conditions, a bipolar membrane with good current rectification can be prepared, across which the voltage drop is ～2.0 V at the current density 800 A/m² in 1.0 M NaOH. This preparation method is simple and can be applied both in laboratory and in industry. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 572–576, 2003