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综述了模板法制备孔径可调、高比表面积的介孔碳的合成路线,并介绍了介孔碳的功能化改性方法。同时对其在吸附剂、电极材料、催化材料领域的应用进展进行了概述,最后对介孔碳未来发展的潜在挑战及前景进行了讨论。 相似文献
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胺功能化介孔二氧化硅因其高选择性、高吸附容量、快速的吸附动力学、良好的再生性能和循环稳定性受到广泛关注,在二氧化碳捕集技术中具有优良的应用前景。本文比较了胺改性的M41S、SBA-n、KIT-n、介孔二氧化硅泡沫、介孔二氧化硅纳米球和六方介孔二氧化硅的吸附性能,总结了MCM-41和SBA-15的结构特点。介绍了胺化合物的负载方式——湿法浸渍、化学接枝和原位聚合的胺负载原理。分析了硅源、载体内部性质、气体选择性和不同添加剂对胺功能化介孔二氧化硅材料吸附二氧化碳能力的影响。最后,点明了吸附剂未来的发展目标,对胺功能化介孔二氧化硅材料的研究方向进行了展望。指出未来可关注介孔二氧化硅微观结构和温度对胺与二氧化碳相互作用的影响,增强胺功能化介孔二氧化硅的稳定性,推进其在实际环境下的应用。 相似文献
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文制备了非催化功能团修饰的脯氨酰胺功能化的介孔材料,研究结果表明:甲基修饰的脯氨酰胺功能化的介孔材料对不对称aldol反应具有最好的催化活性和手性选择性。 相似文献
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介孔碳是一类新型的具有巨大比表面积和孔体积的介孔材料,可以通过不同的方法合成并对其孔结构和形貌进行调节。本文主要综述了介孔碳及介孔碳基复合材料的合成方法,对比阐述了不同方法制备的介孔碳材料所具备的孔道结构和形貌。介绍了将不同非金属和金属元素及其氧化物掺杂在介孔碳中合成复合材料,发现制备的复合材料具有更优的性能且掺杂元素不同复合材料的形貌和孔道结构不同。此外,简要说明了介孔碳及碳基复合材料在环境、催化、储能、电化学和生物医学等方面的应用,指出其在各个领域的应用仍存在不足。调整介孔碳的孔结构和表面性能、采用更简便易控制的合成方法将成为制备介孔碳及碳基材料的主要研究方向。 相似文献
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综述了以自组装法、硬模板法和软模板法合成有序介孔聚合物及介孔碳的研究进展。对上述3种制备方法及原理进行了比较,指出目前以嵌段共聚物进行自组装以及采用软模板法制备介孔聚合物的途径更有利于制备有序的介孔聚合物及介孔碳。讨论了采用自组装法及软模板法时,嵌段共聚物的种类、模板剂的类型、聚合物前躯体的结构等对所制备的介孔聚合物以及介孔碳的形貌、介孔结构、骨架结构以及介孔材料的物理化学性能的影响。指出目前在介孔聚合物以及介孔碳的研究中,主要问题是如何提高介孔聚合物的有序性以及其介孔结构的稳定性。最后对有序介孔聚合物及介孔碳的发展方向及应用领域进行了展望。 相似文献
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乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)是十分重要的化工中间体,其下游产品较多。江苏某化工厂开发生产乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品三十多个,年生产规模三万多吨,是国内以乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)为中间体生产精细化学品的综合骨干企业。针对乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水特点,该厂结合企业实际,开展了产品优化,结构调整,清洁生产,资源循环利用,节水降耗等工作,从源头削减了污染物的生产。同时投资二千多万元新建预处理装置三套,6000m3/d废水生化处理装置一套,使全厂乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品的废水得到了有效的治理。 相似文献
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The miscibility of various amorphous polybutadienes with mixed microstructures of 1,4 addition units (cis, 1,4 and trans 1,4) and 1,2 addition units have been investigated. The studies here involved optical transparency, differential scanning calorimetry, and small angle light scattering. It was found that a 90 percent (cis) 1, 4 addition polybutadiene was immiscible with high (91 percent) 1,2 addition polybutadiene. Reduction of the 1,2 content to 71 percent induced an upper critical solution temperature (UCST) with the cis 1,4 polymer. Polybutadienes with 50 percent and 10 percent 1,2 contents were miscible above the crystalline melting temperature of the cis 1,4 polybutadiene. Immiscibility of the 91 percent 1,2 addition polymer was also found with a 10 percent 1,2 polybutadiene. The latter polymer also exhibits an UCST with the 71 percent 1,2 polymer. The results are used to interpret the characteristics of blends of polybutadienes of varying microstructure. 相似文献
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以F类粉煤灰为例,详细介绍了测定粉煤灰中烧失量的步骤、计算数学模型、影响测量不确定度的因素以及各项测量不确定度分量评定,人员、设备、材料、方法、环境都是影响测量不确定的因素。 相似文献
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我厂3号回转窑(Φ4m×60m)生产线在1996年年底由SP窑(产量912t/d)改为NSP窑(产量1320t/d),预分解系统为四级旋风预热器带离线式分解炉 相似文献
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The objective of the study was to explore the effect of the degree of deacetylation (DD) of the chitosan used on the degradation rate and rate constant during ultrasonic degradation. Chitin was extracted from red shrimp process waste. Four different DD chitosans were prepared from chitin by alkali deacetylation. Those chitosans were degraded by ultrasonic radiation to different molecular weights. Changes of the molecular weight were determined by light scattering, and data of molecular weight changes were used to calculate the degradation rate and rate constant. The results were as follows: The molecular weight of chitosans decreased with an increasing ultrasonication time. The curves of the molecular weight versus the ultrasonication time were broken at 1‐h treatment. The degradation rate and rate constant of sonolysis decreased with an increasing ultrasonication time. This may be because the chances of being attacked by the cavitation energy increased with an increasing molecular weight species and may be because smaller molecular weight species have shorter relaxation times and, thus, can alleviate the sonication stress easier. However, the degradation rate and rate constant of sonolysis increased with an increasing DD of the chitosan used. This may be because the flexibilitier molecules of higher DD chitosans are more susceptible to the shear force of elongation flow generated by the cavitation field or due to the bond energy difference of acetamido and β‐1,4‐glucoside linkage or hydrogen bonds. Breakage of the β‐1,4‐glucoside linkage will result in lower molecular weight and an increasing reaction rate and rate constant. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 3526–3531, 2003 相似文献