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为了解决生猪养殖污水磷排放量超标问题,制备了一种高效混凝剂聚硅硫酸铁,并开展对生猪养殖废水中磷酸盐的去除研究。实验分别制备聚合硫酸铁和聚硅酸并将其按不同物质的量比例混合制备聚硅硫酸铁,探究了混凝剂种类、混凝剂投加量、助凝剂投加量以及pH值对生猪养殖废水中磷酸盐去除率的影响。结果表明:Si/Fe物质的量比为0.6的聚硅硫酸铁的混凝效果最佳,当聚硅硫酸铁投加量为30 mL/L,助凝剂投加量为25 mL/L,初始pH值为8时,磷酸盐去除效果最佳,去除率达99.4%。本研究结果对实现生猪养殖废水中磷酸盐的高效去除和污水的达标排放具有重要的现实意义。 相似文献
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污水处理厂出水的聚硅硫酸铝铁混凝除磷研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究新型混凝剂聚硅硫酸铝铁(PSFA)对城市污水处理厂出水中磷的混凝去除效果,考察了混凝剂投加量、原水pH、与聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)复配等因素对混凝除磷效果的影响,同时进行了聚合氯化铝(PAC)、聚合硫酸铁(PFS)和Al2(SO4)3混凝除磷效果的比较试验。结果表明,PSFA可有效降低城市污水处理厂出水TP含量,当投加量为36mg·L-1时,可以使出水TP的质量浓度从1.51mg·L-1下降到0.32mg·L-1,出水达到上海市地方标准DB31/199-2009规定的TP排放一级标准;PSFA混凝除磷适宜pH为6~10;PAM可以有效提高PSFA混凝除浊和除磷效果,减少混凝剂投加量;PSFA比PAC、PFS、Al2(SO4)3具有更好的混凝除磷效果,具有很好的应用前景。 相似文献
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比较了生石灰和锁磷剂对河流低含量TP的去除性能。结果表明,当投加质量浓度为0~15 mg/L时,生石灰和锁磷剂对TP均无明显去除效果,但生石灰可使系统pH升高,而锁磷剂对系统pH无影响。当两者投加质量浓度为20~200 mg/L时,锁磷剂系统内pH由8.5降至7.5,对TP去除率28.85%~92.31%,有效利用率2.4~9 mg/g;投加质量浓度在80~200 mg/L时去除率可达80%以上,出水TP质量浓度低于0.1 mg/L,生石灰系统内pH由8.5升至10以上,对TP去除率为16.67%~72.22%,有效利用率为1.9~4.38 mg/g;当投加质量浓度在180 mg/L左右时,去除率达最大,出水TP浓度为0.16 mg/L。锁磷剂的综合除磷性能更有优势,其对TP、溶解性磷酸盐都有持久去除作用,最终确定锁磷剂优化投加质量浓度为60 mg/L。 相似文献
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新型复合絮凝剂在轧制乳化油废水处理中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
制备了不同Al∶Si、Fe∶Si和(Al Fe)∶Si摩尔比的聚硅酸金属盐系列絮凝剂:聚硅氯化铝(PASC)、聚硅硫酸铁(PFSS)和聚硅硫酸铁氯化铝(PFASC),实验考察了成分摩尔比、废水pH值、絮凝剂投加量对除油效果的影响。结果表明:金属与硅的摩尔比对除油效率有较大的影响,最佳摩尔比为:n(Al)∶n(Si)=3∶1、n(Fe)∶n(Si)=2∶1和n(Al Fe)∶n(Si)=4∶1;废水pH值为4~10时,处理效果都较好;随着投药量的增加,油的去除率增加,PASC、PFSS和PFAS适宜的投药量(以金属离子浓度计)分别为:900mg.L-1、1100mg.L-1、800mg.L-1。用它们来处理实际废水时,效果很好,残余油量低于国家排放标准。 相似文献
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在系统稳定运行的条件下,研究污水CODCr浓度及CODCr/TP比值对间歇式生物接触氧化反应器除磷效果的影响.试验结果表明,当原水CODCr低于500 mg/L时,总磷去除率随原水CODCr的提高而提高,而当CODCr超过500 mg/L时,总磷去除率随着CODCr的提高而逐渐下降,但CODCr去除效果不受影响.当CODCr/TP在低于70左右时,随着CODCr/TP的增大除磷率也迅速上升,超过70后除磷效果逐渐下降.因此,污水的CODCr浓度对间歇式生物接触氧化反应器的除磷效果有直接影响,总磷去除率随着CODCr的提高而提高,在CODCr浓度为500 mg/L左右时,除磷效果最好,而后开始下降.根据试验结果,当污水的CODCr/TP值约为50~100时,可以达到较好的除磷效果. 相似文献
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针对传统城市污水碳氮比低、生物二级处理脱氮同时TP去除效果差、二级出水TP含量较高且不稳定的问题,将钢渣细砂混合应用于深度除磷阶段,以提高TP的处理效率并降低混凝剂聚合硫酸铁(PFS)投加量。结果表明,进水TP的质量浓度为1.5~2.0 mg/L,钢渣和细砂质量比4:1混合投加、PFS的投加量为6 mg/L时,出水TP的质量浓度仍达到0.434 mg/L(低于GB 18918-2002一级A标准),TP去除量为1.8 mg/L,去除率达80.6%,PFS投加量节省20%~40%,TP去除率提高17.57个百分点。通过真空电子扫描电镜观察发现,钢渣和细砂混合投加与PFS联用可改变絮体结构,使絮体小而密实;当沉降6 min时,絮体沉降体积提高65%左右,可有效缩短絮体沉降时间,提高沉淀效率。 相似文献
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乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)是十分重要的化工中间体,其下游产品较多。江苏某化工厂开发生产乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品三十多个,年生产规模三万多吨,是国内以乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)为中间体生产精细化学品的综合骨干企业。针对乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水特点,该厂结合企业实际,开展了产品优化,结构调整,清洁生产,资源循环利用,节水降耗等工作,从源头削减了污染物的生产。同时投资二千多万元新建预处理装置三套,6000m3/d废水生化处理装置一套,使全厂乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品的废水得到了有效的治理。 相似文献
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我厂3号回转窑(Φ4m×60m)生产线在1996年年底由SP窑(产量912t/d)改为NSP窑(产量1320t/d),预分解系统为四级旋风预热器带离线式分解炉 相似文献
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The miscibility of various amorphous polybutadienes with mixed microstructures of 1,4 addition units (cis, 1,4 and trans 1,4) and 1,2 addition units have been investigated. The studies here involved optical transparency, differential scanning calorimetry, and small angle light scattering. It was found that a 90 percent (cis) 1, 4 addition polybutadiene was immiscible with high (91 percent) 1,2 addition polybutadiene. Reduction of the 1,2 content to 71 percent induced an upper critical solution temperature (UCST) with the cis 1,4 polymer. Polybutadienes with 50 percent and 10 percent 1,2 contents were miscible above the crystalline melting temperature of the cis 1,4 polybutadiene. Immiscibility of the 91 percent 1,2 addition polymer was also found with a 10 percent 1,2 polybutadiene. The latter polymer also exhibits an UCST with the 71 percent 1,2 polymer. The results are used to interpret the characteristics of blends of polybutadienes of varying microstructure. 相似文献
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以F类粉煤灰为例,详细介绍了测定粉煤灰中烧失量的步骤、计算数学模型、影响测量不确定度的因素以及各项测量不确定度分量评定,人员、设备、材料、方法、环境都是影响测量不确定的因素。 相似文献
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The objective of the study was to explore the effect of the degree of deacetylation (DD) of the chitosan used on the degradation rate and rate constant during ultrasonic degradation. Chitin was extracted from red shrimp process waste. Four different DD chitosans were prepared from chitin by alkali deacetylation. Those chitosans were degraded by ultrasonic radiation to different molecular weights. Changes of the molecular weight were determined by light scattering, and data of molecular weight changes were used to calculate the degradation rate and rate constant. The results were as follows: The molecular weight of chitosans decreased with an increasing ultrasonication time. The curves of the molecular weight versus the ultrasonication time were broken at 1‐h treatment. The degradation rate and rate constant of sonolysis decreased with an increasing ultrasonication time. This may be because the chances of being attacked by the cavitation energy increased with an increasing molecular weight species and may be because smaller molecular weight species have shorter relaxation times and, thus, can alleviate the sonication stress easier. However, the degradation rate and rate constant of sonolysis increased with an increasing DD of the chitosan used. This may be because the flexibilitier molecules of higher DD chitosans are more susceptible to the shear force of elongation flow generated by the cavitation field or due to the bond energy difference of acetamido and β‐1,4‐glucoside linkage or hydrogen bonds. Breakage of the β‐1,4‐glucoside linkage will result in lower molecular weight and an increasing reaction rate and rate constant. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 3526–3531, 2003 相似文献