文冠果种仁油超声提取工艺的初步研究

以文冠果种仁为原料,采用超声辅助提取法,并以出油率为目标值,研究了提取剂种类、提取温度、提取时间和液料比对出油率的影响.结果表明,石油醚(沸程60～90℃)提取效果最佳,以石油醚(沸程60～90℃)为提取溶剂、超声频率为40KHZ下,在其他条件不变时,最佳提取温度为65℃,提取时间50min,液料比为8∶1.     

超临界CO2萃取韭菜籽油的研究

运用超临界CO_2萃取技术,从韭菜籽中萃取出韭菜籽油。探讨了萃取压力、萃取温度和萃取时间对出油率的影响,初步确定其适宜操作条件为:萃取压力23 Mpa;萃取温度35℃;萃取时间2～3 h,该条件下出油率达18%以上。为合理评价韭菜籽油产品质量优劣,对其理化性质进行了测定,并通过气相色谱仪分析了其脂肪酸组成。结果表明,韭菜籽油中含8种脂肪酸,包括5种饱和脂肪酸和3种不饱和脂肪酸;其中含量最多的脂肪酸是油酸,含量为61.88%,且总不饱和酸的含量达64%以上。     

乙醇辅助法提取藤茶中的二氢杨梅素的研究

以干藤茶叶为原料,采用乙醇浸泡进行预处理,以水为溶剂提取二氢杨梅素,考察了乙醇预处理时间、茶叶与乙醇的料液比、加热时间等因素对提取率的影响,通过单因素分析和正交试验设计,确定了最佳提取工艺条件。最佳提取工艺条件参数为:乙醇预处理时间为15 h,茶与乙醇的料液比为1∶8,加热时间为30 min,在此条件下二氢杨梅素的提取率为34.23%。     

超声萃取陕西黄姜中姜酚的工艺研究

以陕南汉中和安康种植的黄姜为原料,以乙醚为溶剂,采用超声萃取法提取姜酚,应用正交实验法探索了料剂比、超声温度、超声频率、超声时间对提取效率的影响,并对提取物进行了柱层析分离和UV、IR光谱定性分析.结果表明,超声提取时间是影响提取率的主因,最佳提取条件为：超声提取温度为70℃,姜和溶剂的比为1∶2（g/mL）,提取时间为2h,超声功率为400 W,姜酚提取率最大为2.12％,提取物中纯姜酚的质量分数（纯度）为71.8％.     

石蒜中石蒜碱的超声波提取研究

以野生石蒜为原料,以乙醇为提取剂,研究了石蒜中石蒜碱的超声波法提取工艺条件.通过单因素实验和正交实验确定超声波法提取石蒜中石蒜碱的最佳工艺条件为:超声波功率300 W、提取温度55℃、提取时间2.0h、料液比1∶ 5(g:mL)、提取2次,在此条件下,产率为0.464％、提取率为94.7％.与传统的溶剂法相比,超声波法...     

提取陕西生姜姜油的工艺条件研究

以陕西本地种植的生姜为原料,以石油醚为溶剂,采用索氏提取法提取姜油,考察了料剂比、提取温度及时间对姜油产率的影响,通过GC-MS进行成分分析。结果表明,最佳提取时间为3 h,提取温度为90℃,料剂比(生姜∶石油醚)为1∶6(g∶mL)。在此条件下,提取率为10.9%,姜油中主要成分为姜烯、姜黄烯、橙花叔醇。     

葡萄籽中提取低聚原花色素的技术研究

介绍了用乙酸乙酯/水作溶剂从葡萄籽中提取低聚原花色素的方法。利用红外光谱测定了产物结构，谱图与标准品一致。考察了提取剂的含水量、浸泡时间、原料性质和原料预处理方法等因素对提取的影响,获得了最佳提取条件。     

微波法提取番茄红素的研究

以番茄为原料,采用微波法提取番茄红素,考察了提取溶剂、微波功率、微波时间、料液比、pH、提取级数对番茄红素提取率的影响,利用正交实验和单因素实验确定番茄红素微波提取的最佳工艺:以乙酸乙酯为提取剂,提取功率400 W,提取30 s,料液比1:2,pH为7.0,提取3次。在此条件下,番茄红素提取率可达0.593 mg/g。     

微波法提取番茄红素的研究

以番茄为原料,采用微波法提取番茄红素,考察了提取溶剂、微波功率、微波时间、料液比、pH、提取级数对番茄红素提取率的影响,利用正交实验和单因素实验确定番茄红素微波提取的最佳工艺:以乙酸乙酯为提取剂,提取功率400 W,提取30 s,料液比1:2,pH为7.0,提取3次。在此条件下,番茄红素提取率可达0.593 mg/g。     

金银花中绿原酸提取工艺研究

绿原酸作为金银花中的主要活性成分,具有高效的抗氧化、抗病毒、保肝利胆等功效,在医药化工和食品等领域都具有广泛的应用。本文以金银花为原料,采用醇提法进行提取,探讨了溶剂的种类、提取时间、料液比、提取温度、提取剂浓度及提取pH值等因素对绿原酸提取率的影响,得到了提取金银花中绿原酸的最佳条件:以70%的乙醇为提取剂,料液比为1∶25,控制提取p H值为6,提取时间为温度60℃,提取时间为60 min。     

Pretreatment Camellia Seeds by Protease and Application to Extraction of Camellia Oil

High-temperature pretreatment that is currently used in camellia oil extraction can have negative effects on the quality of camellia oil. In this study, the enzymatic pretreatment of camellia seeds is explored as an alternative to high-temperature pretreatment. The main conditions for enzymatic pretreatment of camellia seeds including enzyme, pH, temperature, time, and buffer solution are optimized using the response surface methodology. Under the optimal conditions of enzymatic pretreatment, the oil recovery is close to 75%. Moreover, residual oil recovery from camellia seeds subjected to 1398 neutral protease pretreatment (4 g per kg seeds) and high-temperature pretreatment are 5.62 ± 0.08% and 9.97 ± 0.18%, respectively. The enzymatic pretreatment is further applied to pre-pressing solvent extraction of camellia oil, the cake oil recovery from camellia seeds subjected to enzymatic pretreatment is higher than that from high-temperature pretreatment. These results show that enzymatic pretreatment of camellia seeds has potential for application in the oil industry. Practical Applications : This study suggests that enzymatic pretreatment can replace high-temperature pretreatment and improve oil recovery and oil quality. Ultimately, this method can be used to extract camellia oil.     

Canola Oil with High Antioxidant Content Obtained by Combining Emerging Technologies: Microwave,Ultrasound, and a Green Solvent

In this work, the ultrasound‐assisted extraction (UAE) of canola oil from canola seeds pretreated with microwaves using ethanol 99% as solvent is studied. Different process parameters are evaluated, such as extraction time, temperature, solid:solvent ratio, and ultrasound amplitude, optimizing the process using response surface methodology. Under optimum conditions, the extraction time is decreased by up to 75% with respect to conventional extractions, obtaining an oil with a higher content of total tocopherols and canolol, and with oxidation indexes within the established standard limits. The addition of a microwave pretreatment to the UAE with ethanol 99% shows a synergic effect between both processes, improving the oil yield. The results obtained in this study show the potential of the use of UAE for the extraction of canola oil using a green solvent, reducing processing times, environmental pollution, and achieving an oil of high quality and antioxidant concentration. Practical Application: The industrial use of petroleum‐derived solvents such as hexane has problems concerning sustainability, environment, and safety. In recent years, the use of “green” solvents for the extraction of vegetable oils began to be studied; however, it is necessary to develop stages that allow improving the extraction process by increasing the yield, reducing the processing times, and optimizing the oil quality. In this sense, ultrasound allows to shorten the extraction times while microwave pretreatments applied to canola seeds generate an increase in the concentration of antioxidants in the oil, facilitating the implementation of a “green” process in the industrial production.     

Solvent-assisted extraction of oil from papaya (Carica papaya L.) seeds: evaluation of its physiochemical properties and fatty-acid composition

ABSTRACT

The present work reports the solvent-assisted extraction of oil from papaya (Carica papaya L.) seeds. Various operating parameters such as solid solvent ratio, temperature and time on oil yield, and its effects have been investigated using response surface methodology. The experimental oil yield (20.30 ± 0.03%) at optimal condition was well agreed with the predicted value. The compositions from GC-FID results showed saturated fatty acid (20.94%), monounsaturated fatty acid (73.12%), and polyunsaturated fatty acid (4.96%). It was also found that the solvent-assisted extraction is a simple and effective method for extraction of oil from papaya seeds.     

柚子籽中黄酮类化合物的提取工艺研究

以柚子籽为原料,采用乙醇为提取剂,通过单因素试验和正交试验,确定了提取柚子籽中黄酮类化合物的最佳工艺。试验结果表明,各因素影响柚子籽黄酮类化合物提取的程度由大到小的顺序依次为料液比,乙醇浓度,提取时间,提取温度。提取的最佳工艺参数为乙醇浓度70%、料液比1:40(g/mL)、提取温度70℃、提取时间5h。在此条件下,柚子籽黄酮类化合物的提取率为0.968%。     

超临界CO_2和微波辅助萃取当归挥发油

考察当归挥发油的不同提取方法。文中用超临界CO2流体萃取法和微波辅助萃取法研究萃取当归挥发油。实验表明:超临界CO2萃取最佳工艺条件为萃取压力25 MPa、分离釜Ⅰ解析温度55℃、萃取温度45℃,提取率约1.9%;微波辅助萃取最佳工艺条件为无水乙醇为提取溶剂,微波功率800 W、微波辐射时间150 s、液料质量比为4.71∶1,提取率约11.2%。微波辅助萃取法取得当归油的收率高于超临界CO2萃取法。微波辅助萃取法萃取当归挥发油收率高,但外观品质较超临界萃取的当归挥发油差。     

克拉玛依油砂溶剂萃取分离实验研究

以克拉玛依油砂为实验对象,考察石油醚、环己烷、正戊烷、正庚烷、甲苯、CS2及复合溶剂EOSA萃取分离油砂沥青的效果,确定EOSA为最佳萃取溶剂。研究了温度、溶剂用量、时间对EOSA萃取分离油砂沥青收率的影响。结果表明,在萃取温度30℃、剂砂比2 mL/g条件下萃取30 min,油砂沥青的收率可达95%以上。再生实验结果表明,在60~80℃条件下,溶剂回收率超过99%。该工艺具有无水参与、零排放、低能耗、高收率等优点。     

溶剂抽提法分离印尼油砂的实验研究

利用溶剂抽提法对印尼油砂进行萃取分离实验,综合考察了剂砂比、抽提温度、抽提时间、抽提次数等操作条件对油砂沥青提取的影响,确定较佳的油砂分离条件。结果表明,印尼油砂更适合采用溶剂抽提法分离,从油砂沥青提取率、操作成本和环保多角度考虑,在超声波的作用下,剂砂比为2．5,抽提温度40℃,抽提时间30min,抽提3次的条件下,油砂沥青的提取率较高,达到20．31％。     

Comparison and optimization of two extract methods (atmospheric pressure and pressurized pretreatment) of pectin from Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim. seeds by response surface methodology

In this study, the extract methods of pectin from Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim. seeds under atmospheric pressure and pressurized pretreatment were investigated and compared. Response surface methodology was applied to optimize the extraction conditions for obtaining the maximum yield of pectin. The optimum extraction conditions under atmospheric pressure were as follows: pH 2.5, 84.8°C, 81.0 min, and liquid-to-solid ratio 14.2:1 (ml/g). The optimum extraction conditions under pressurized pretreatment were as follows: pH 6.1, 117.7°C, and 95.4 min. In contrast, the optimal extraction yield under pressurized pretreatment was 76.52% above that of extraction under atmospheric pressure.     

高粘度润滑油馏分油溶剂精制小试对比

针对某炼厂高粘度润滑油馏分油进行了糠醛溶剂的单级抽提试验,并借助数学手段,确定了糠醛精制的最优操作条件.在此基础之上,进行了糠醛精制假三段抽提试验,确定了其适宜的操作条件,并与NMP精制进行了对比.试验结果表明,糠醛单级抽提适宜操作条件为:抽提温度115℃,剂油比1.8(V/V);在该操作条件下,精制油60℃折光率为1.462 8,油收率为83％;糠醛假三段试验适宜操作条件为:上段温度115℃、中段温度100℃、下段温度85℃,剂油比1.8(V/V).在该操作条件下,精制油60℃的折光率为1.460 9,油收率为84％;馏分油糠醛抽提与NMP抽提相比,在精制效果相当的情况下,无论单级还是假三段抽提,NMP精制的温度下降25℃,剂油比下降30％,油收率提高至少3个百分点,说明NMP作为抽提溶剂要优于糠醛.     

Optimization of oil and carotenes recoveries from palm oil mill effluent using response surface methodology

BACKGROUND: Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is a liquid waste that is highly polluting and has a significant impact on the environment if not dealt with properly. POME contains oil and carotenes that needs to be treated before discharge. In this work solvent extraction was used to recover oil‐containing carotenes from POME. Optimum conditions for the extraction of oil and carotenes from POME were determined using response surface methodology. RESULTS: A central composite design was used to investigate the effects of three independent factors, namely solvent:POME ratio, mixing rate (rpm) and mixing time (min) on the responses, extracted oil and carotenes recovery. The optimal conditions for extraction of oil and carotenes from POME were 8:10 solvent:POME ratio; 500 rpm mixing rate and 25 min mixing time. Under these conditions, the amount of oil extracted from POME was 7885 mg L^?1, and carotenes recovery was 87.1%. CONCLUSION: The experimental values agreed with those predicted, thus indicating the suitability of the model employed in optimizing the extraction parameters. A high yield of carotenes was obtained under the optimized conditions, with relatively low solvent levels. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry