光电功能性有机染料及其应用研究进展

该文论述了不同性能染料的合成方法,尤其是用溶胶-凝胶法合成高分子染料;综述了有机染料在光电功能材料方面的应用及其研究进展,并对光电功能性有机染料的今后的发展方向做了展望.     

联噻吩型光敏染料的研究进展

简要介绍了染料敏化太阳能电池的研究现状及染料敏化太阳能电池的结构、工作原理.重点将近10年来应用于染料敏化太阳能电池中的,以联噻吩作为π共轭体系的D-π-A型有机染料进行了总结,评述了它们的光电转换性能.同时,总结了将联噻吩基团引入到钌配合物染料中,对电池性能的影响.为设计合成具有高光电转换效率的染料提供了参考.介绍了联噻吩型染料重要中间体的合成方法.     

化妆品 第十三讲 染发剂

染发产品包括漂白剂、天然有机染料、合成有机染料、无机金属盐染料和卷发染发剂等,现分述于下。     

光敏染料在Graetzel型太阳能电池上的应用及其研究进展

对光敏染料在Graetzel型太阳能电池上的应用及其研究进展进行了综述。比较了天然染料、纯有机染料和金属有机配合物染料对此类电池的敏化效果，并讨论了染料的结构和性质对电池性能的影响，指出通过分子设计合成高效光敏染料可推动Graetzel型太阳能电池的发展和实用化。     

碳纳米管在染料敏化太阳能电池中的应用

染料敏化太阳能电池结合了染料光敏剂和无机半导体的优势,具有较宽的光谱响应范围、对环境友好、制造工艺简单等特点,应用前景广阔。碳纳米管特殊的几何形状和导电性对于提高染料敏化太阳能电池的光电转化效率有显著作用。本文介绍了碳纳米管在有机染料敏化太阳能电池中各个主要工作部分的应用。     

TiO2半导体薄膜电极的光电转换性能研究

介绍了TiO2半导体薄膜电极的光电转换原理,综述了近年来通过染料敏化、窄半导体敏化、过渡金属离子掺杂敏化、有机染料和无机半导体复合敏化以及在TiO2半导体表面沉积贵金属等提高TiO2薄膜电极光电转换效率的方法,并对其原理进行解释和说明。     

有机染料光褪色机理及主要原因

本文综述了有机染料光褪色机理的主要研究方法以及现有研究结论．对光氧化和光还原过程、影响因素、典型反应步骤、研究手段进行了系统的阐述，同时也对通过染料分子结构设计合成、通过添加剂的使用提高染料光牢度的方法进行了介绍．     

光敏染料在Gr(a)tzel型太阳能电池上的应用及其研究进展

对光敏染料在Gratzel型太阳能电池上的应用及其研究进展进行了综述.比较了天然染料、纯有机染料和金属有机配合物染料对此类电池的敏化效果,并讨论了染料的结构和性质对电池性能的影响,指出通过分子设计合成高效光敏染料可推动Gratzel型太阳能电池的发展和实用化.     

空间因素对敏化剂性质的影响

本文介绍了一种新的敏化剂的合成，测定它的吸收光谱及氧化还原电位，并将这种染料吸附到具有大比表面的ＴｉＯ２纳晶电极上测量它的光电转换效率。另外，参照文献分别合成出染料，测定它们的光电及光物理性质并以此为依据讨论了空间因素对敏化剂性质的影响。     

西欧国家合成有机染料生产

七十年代,在资本主义世界合成有机染料总产量中,西欧国家所占比重达50%左右(表1)。在一些西欧国家的化工产品生产中,合成有机染料所占的比重比较小,大约在0.5～3.2%之间(美国为1.4%)。只有瑞士,除了制药以外,染料占了化学工业的主要地位,所占比重达15～20%。1971～1975年间西欧合成有机染料生产量的年平均增长速度与整个资本主义世界相似,接近4.5%,与     

Effective decolorizations and mineralizations of organic dyes over a silver germanium oxide photocatalyst under indoor-illumination irradiation

A silver germanium oxide, Ag₂GeO₃, was developed as a novel photocatalyst for degradation of organic dyes. The chemical composition of the sample was investigated via the SEM/EDX, ICP-AES, and TG-DTA techniques. The general activity of the material was characterized by testing the photodegradations of typical organic dyes, such as Methylene Blue (one of the heteropolyaromatic dyes), Rhodamine B (one of the xanthene dyes), Fuchsin Acid (one of the sulfonic dyes), and Orange II (one of the azoic dyes). All of these dyes were degraded more than 90% within 25 min under the visible-light irradiation of Xe lamp. Besides, with a commercial white fluorescent lamp as testing light source (light intensity, 61 μW/cm²), the efficient decolorizations and mineralizations of the organic dyes were achieved over this material: 79% (90%) of the organic carbon in the Methylene Blue (Rhodamine B) solution was photooxidatized to inorganic carbon forms, when these dyes were totally decolorized. The high performance of this material is due to the photophysical properties of the wide-visible-range absorption and response, and the sufficient oxidative potential of the top of the valence band.     

TNT和有机染料废水的光催化氧化动力学特性

利用光催化氧化技术能有效处理各类有机废水,具有高效、低选择性和不产生二次污染的特点,探讨了循环式浆态光催化反应器中有机染料和TNT模拟生产废水的光催化氧化特性以及光催化氧化动力学。基于羟基自由基生成、扩散以及羟基自由基与污染物分子的反应,建立了相应的光催化氧化动力学模型。结果表明,采用光催化氧化技术去除有机染料和TNT效果明显。光照时间为6h时,在一定的初始TNT浓度下,模拟红水中TNT去除率达90％以上。对不同染料和TNT不同初始浓度下的光催化氧化反应动力学研究表明,此过程符合拟一级动力学。所提出的光催化氧化动力学模型能够很好地描述有机染料和TNT的光催化氧化过程。     

VIS absorption spectrophotometry of disperse dyes

In the investigations of the dyeing processes, the low solubility of disperse dyes in water represents a practical problem for the determination of dye concentration in dyebaths and waste waters. Therefore the use of an organic solvent which, dissolves disperse dyes, is recommended in visible spectrophotometry of disperse dyes. Three organic solvents (ethanol, N,N-dimethylformamide, acetone) and two disperse dyes, the disazo dye C.I. Disperse Orange 29 and the anthraquinone dye C.I. Disperse Blue 56, were used for spectroscopic analysis in this present work. The absorbance of aqueous dye dispersions and various organic solvent dye solutions was measured to evaluate the effect of the solvent on the shape and intensity of the absorption spectra and on the wavelength shift of maximum absorption. The validity of Beer–Lambert’s law in each system was ascertained. A suggestion is made how VIS absorption spectrophotometry can be used to determine the dye concentration in disperse dyebaths. The addition of organic solvent to the dyebath leads to dye dissolution, and the Beer-Lambert’s law is then fulfilled. The optimum ratio between the dyebath dispersion and the organic solvents for the dyes investigated is also determined.     

层状蛭石有机荧光染料组装超薄膜

基于有机荧光染料的固体团聚或者堆叠导致荧光猝灭、发光和稳定性减弱，采用剥离与超分子组装的方法，制备固体荧光超薄膜发光体。首先通过剪切剥离制备蛭石纳米片，控制其粒径分布在30~300 nm，再通过与有机荧光染料（罗丹明6G和罗丹明B）层层超分子组装的方法，获得蛭石有机无机荧光薄膜。经对比实验发现，不添加蛭石纳米片，无法获得均匀发光的荧光薄膜。蛭石有机无机荧光薄膜的SEM显示，有机荧光染料和蛭石分布均匀，克服有机荧光染料团聚或者堆叠的荧光猝灭，实现荧光亮度可控。     

Extraction and recovery of rhodamine B,methyl violet and methylene blue from industrial wastewater using D2EHPA as an extractant

The extraction behavior of cationic dyes namely rhodamine B (RB), methyl violet (MV) and methylene blue (MB) from industrial wastewater has been investigated using di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) in hexane as a carrier. The extraction of cationic dyes increases with decreasing feed phase pH and increasing D2EHPA concentration in organic phase. The stripping percentage of dyes using acetic acid as the stripping agent from loaded D2EHPA was found to increase with increasing acid concentration. 98% stripping efficiency of dyes was achieved with 8.5 mol/L acetic acid solution at an organic:aqueous phase ratio (O/A) of 2:1. Parameters examined include D2EHPA concentration, effect of diluents, effect of pH, effect of initial dye concentration, equilibration time, and various stripping agents, aqueous to organic phase ratio in extraction and organic to aqueous phase ratio in stripping.     

Reaction of Water–soluble Dyes with Ozone

Reaction of various kinds of water–soluble dyes with ozone was examined. It was found that the reaction of dyes with ozone improved their biodegradability, and the values of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD} and total organic carbon (TOC) of the ozonation products correlated with those of the theoretical TOC of the original dyes. In addition, the azo dyes had a tendency to be easily decomposed with ozone, and the decomposition of dyes was markedly accelerated when ozonation was accompanied by ultra–violet irradiation.     

浅谈分散染料与活性染料复配技术

通过溶解度参数预测分散染料之间以及染料与纤维的相互作用,筛选和设计复配染料的组分。通过测试活性染料特征值S、E、R、F以及无机性值(I)/有机性值(O)的比值,决定单一染料的组成。运用上述两种方法预测复配染料中每一染料的性能,再通过应用实验验证,是复配技术最为有效和简便的方法。本文除了为染料企业制造复配染料提供了一项技术,也为染料应用者在三原色以外如何选用拼色中的补充染料提供了可靠的依据。     

Adsorption of Water-Soluble Organic Dyes on Magnetic Charcoal

Magnetic charcoal was prepared by entrapment of fine charcoal particles into the structure of magnetic iron oxides. This adsorbent can efficiently adsorb a variety of organic compounds. For the adsorption experiments water soluble organic dyes belonging to the triphenylmethane, heteropolycyclic and azodye groups were used as model compounds. Maximum adsorption capacities ranged between 10 and 20 mg of dyes per 1 cm³ of the sedimented adsorbent; this corresponds to 132·5–265 mg of dyes per 1 g of the dried adsorbent. © 1997 SCI.     

喷墨印花的有机颜料印墨

用于喷墨印花印墨的着色剂中,有机颜料性能优于染料,但难度大、本文就有机颜料着色剂及亲水性改性处理作了较为详细的介绍,同时述及印花粘合剂及印墨的制造方法。     

双极膜电槽制备高铁酸盐及其对偶氮类染料降解脱色的研究

以双极膜技术电合成高铁酸盐,并将其应用于偶氮类废水处理。以电化学循环伏安法,分光光度法研究了FeO42-对甲基橙、酸性铬蓝、铬黑T等偶氮类染料的降解脱色行为。陈晓