基于LSNPE算法的化工过程故障检测

复杂化工过程通常具有多个操作模态,而且采集的数据不服从单一的高斯或非高斯分布。针对化工过程的多模态和复杂数据分布问题,将局部标准化（local standardized,LS）策略应用于邻域保持嵌入（neighborhood preserving embedding,NPE）算法,提出了一种新的基于局部标准化邻域保持嵌入（local standardized neighborhood preserving embedding,LSNPE）算法的故障检测方法。首先,使用LSNPE算法提取高维数据的低维子流形,进行维数约减,同时保持邻域结构不变。其次,通过特征空间中样本的局部离群因子（local outlier factor,LOF）构造监控统计量并确定其控制限。相较于监控多模态化工过程的多模型策略,提出的LSNPE方法不需要过程先验知识的支持,只需建立一个全局的监控模型。最后,通过数值仿真及Tennessee Eastman（TE）过程仿真研究验证了本文提出方法的有效性。     

基于K均值聚类与局部离群因子算法的故障检测研究

针对化工生产过程的多工况、数据多模态问题,提出一种基于K均值聚类的局部离群因子故障检测方法。首先利用K均值聚类算法对多模态工业数据进行聚类,将各个模态的数据分离出来,然后运用局部离群因子算法在各个模态下单独建立模型,并且确定各个模态下的局部离群因子控制限。检测时首先判断样本属于哪一类,然后在相应类别下求取局部离群因子值并与此类别下的控制限进行比较,确定是否为故障数据。将此方法运用到TE过程的多模态数据中,并且将此方法与单独应用局部离群因子算法做故障检测对比,结果表明:所提算法可以大幅提高故障的检测率。     

基于马氏距离局部离群因子方法的复杂化工过程故障检测

为了满足实际的生产需要,复杂化工过程往往包含多个运行模态。同时过程的复杂性使得同一模态下的数据分布是一种高斯分布和非高斯分布混合存在的不确定情况。数据的多模态分布特性以及同一模态下数据分布的不确定性使得传统多元统计监控(MSPM)方法很难给出令人满意的结果。针对这一问题,本文提出一种新的马氏距离局部离群因子(MDLOF)方法进行故障检测。通过利用马氏距离挖掘变量局部结构中包含的有用信息,并对样本的邻域密度加以考虑,形成对数据分布具有鲁棒性的基于密度的监控指标。最后通过数值仿真例子及Tennessee Eastman过程验证其有效性。     

基于贝叶斯推理的PKPCAM的非线性多模态过程故障检测与诊断方法

针对一类非线性多模态的化工过程,提出一种基于概率核主元的混合模型(PKPCAM),并利用贝叶斯推理策略进行过程监控与故障诊断.在提出的模型中, 每个操作模态由一个局部化的概率核主元分量描述,从而构建的一系列分量对应了不同的操作模态.首先,将过程数据从原始的度量空间投影到高维特征空间;其次,在该特征空间建立概率主元混合模型,从概率角度刻画数据集的多个局部分量特征;最后,在提取的核主元分量内获得测试样本的后验概率,结合模态内的马氏距离贡献度,提出基于贝叶斯推理的全局概率指标进行故障检测,同时利用模态内变量的相对贡献度,基于全局贡献度指标进行故障诊断.利用TEP仿真平台,与基于k均值聚类的次级主元分析和核主元分析的方法进行了对比分析,验证了提出的贝叶斯推理的PKPCAM方法对非线性多模态过程进行故障检测与诊断的可行性和有效性.     

支持向量数据描述性能优化及其在非高斯过程监控的应用

针对传统统计过程监控假设数据服从高斯分布的不足,提出了基于混合信号模型(MSM)及支持向量数据描述(SVDD)的非高斯过程监控方法。混合信号模型中包含了高斯、非高斯信号源及过程测量噪声,给出了基于混合信号模型的过程测量变量分解方法、统计量的定义及其分布。针对非高斯信号源监控,提出了SVDD核参数化的一般形式及其优化算法。工业实际数据中的应用表明,通过SVDD核函数优化,可准确地对数据的非高斯特性进行刻画,及时地发现工业过程中出现的异常情况。     

支持向量数据描述性能优化及其在非高斯过程监控中的应用

针对传统统计过程监控假设数据服从高斯分布的不足,提出了基于混合信号模型(MSM)及支持向量数据描述(SVDD)的非高斯过程监控方法。混合信号模型中包含了高斯、非高斯信号源及过程测量噪声,给出了基于混合信号模型的过程测量变量分解方法、统计量的定义及其分布。针对非高斯信号源监控,提出了SVDD核参数化的一般形式及其优化算法。工业实际数据中的应用表明,通过SVDD核函数优化,可准确地对数据的非高斯特性进行刻画,及时地发现工业过程中出现的异常情况。     

一种基于改进局部熵PCA的工业过程故障检测方法

针对工业过程的多模态和非高斯特性,提出一种基于改进局部熵主元分析(ILEPCA)的故障检测方法。引入k近邻的均值对局部概率密度函数进行改进,构造改进的局部熵数据剔除多模态和非高斯特性。对改进的局部熵数据建立主元分析(PCA)模型,根据核密度估计计算控制限。对于测试数据,运用改进的局部熵算法预处理后,向PCA模型上投影,计算统计量。通过比较统计量与控制限来进行故障检测。把该方法应用到数值例子和半导体过程故障检测,仿真结果表明,与PCA、核主元分析(KPCA)和局部熵PCA (LEPCA)相比,ILEPCA算法在具有多模态和非高斯特性的工业过程故障检测中具有明显的优越性。     

基于局部相对概率密度kNN的多模态过程故障检测

针对多模态过程数据方差差异明显的空间分布特点,提出一种基于局部相对概率密度k近邻(LRPD-kNN)的多模态过程故障检测方法。首先对训练数据进行标准化,计算训练数据的局部相对概率密度估计值,消除多模态数据的方差差异。然后,对预处理后的数据建立kNN模型,计算统计量和控制限。对于测试数据,计算与训练数据局部相对概率密度的欧式距离平方和,通过比较统计量与控制限进行多模态故障检测。将该方法应用到数值例子和半导体生产过程,仿真结果表明,提出的算法效果要优于PCA、kNN和局部离群因子(LOF)方法,说明算法在方差差异较大的多模态过程故障检测方面具有很高的准确性。     

基于非负矩阵分解的多模态过程故障监测方法

针对传统的多元统计故障监测方法往往需要假设测量数据服从单一高斯分布的不足,提出了一种基于非负矩阵分解(NMF)的多模态故障监测方法。首先使用标准的NMF算法对训练集数据进行聚类,将多模态数据划分到各个模态中;然后使用稀疏性正交非负矩阵分解(SONMF)算法对各模态分别建模,同时构造监控统计量进行故障监测。将提出的基于非负矩阵分解的多模态故障监测方法应用于数值例子和TE过程的仿真结果表明,该方法能够及时有效地检测出多模态过程中的故障。     

Orthogonal nonnegative matrix factorization based local hidden Markov model for multimode process monitoring

Traditional data driven fault detection methods assume that the process operates in a single mode so that they cannot perform well in processes with multiple operating modes. To monitor multimode processes effectively, this paper proposes a novel process monitoring scheme based on orthogonal nonnegative matrix factorization (ONMF) and hidden Markov model (HMM). The new clustering technique ONMF is employed to separate data fromdifferent processmodes. ThemultipleHMMs for various operating modes lead to highermodeling accuracy. The proposed approach does not presume the distribution of data in each mode because the process uncertainty and dynamics can bewell interpreted through the hidden Markov estimation. The HMM-based monitoring indication named negative log likelihood probability is utilized for fault detection. In order to assess the proposed monitoring strategy, a numerical example and the Tennessee Eastman process are used. The results demonstrate that this method provides efficient fault detection performance.     

Local component based principal component analysis model for multimode process monitoring

For plant-wide processes with multiple operating conditions,the multimode feature imposes some chal-lenges to conventional monitoring techniques.Hence,to solve this problem,this paper provides a novel local component based principal component analysis(LCPCA)approach for monitoring the status of a multimode process.In LCPCA,the process prior knowledge of mode division is not required and it purely based on the process data.Firstly,LCPCA divides the processes data into multiple local components using finite Gaussian mixture model mixture(FGMM).Then,calculating the posterior probability is applied to determine each sample belonging to which local component.After that,the local component information(such as mean and standard deviation)is used to standardize each sample of local component.Finally,the standardized samples of each local component are combined to train PCA monitoring model.Based on the PCA monitoring model,two monitoring statistics T2 and SPE are used for monitoring multimode pro-cesses.Through a numerical example and the Tennessee Eastman(TE)process,the monitoring result demonstrates that LCPCA outperformed conventional PCA and LNS-PCA in the fault detection rate.     

Adaptive Local Outlier Probability for Dynamic Process Monitoring

Complex industrial processes often havemultiple operating modes and present time-varying behavior. The data in one mode may follow specific Gaussian or non-Gaussian distributions. In this paper, a numerically efficient moving windowlocal outlier probability algorithmis proposed. Its key feature is the capability to handle complex data distributions and incursive operating condition changes including slow dynamic variations and instant mode shifts. First, a two-step adaption approach is introduced and some designed updating rules are applied to keep the monitoring model up-to-date. Then, a semi-supervised monitoring strategy is developed with an updating switch rule to deal with mode changes. Based on local probabilitymodels, the algorithm has a superior ability in detecting faulty conditions and fast adapting to slow variations and new operating modes. Finally, the utility of the proposed method is demonstrated with a numerical example and a non-isothermal continuous stirred tank reactor.     

Probabilistic combination of local independent component regression model for multimode quality prediction in chemical processes

In this paper, a probabilistic combination form of the local independent component regression (ICR) model is proposed for quality prediction of chemical processes with multiple operation modes. Through the introduction of the Bayesian inference strategy, the posterior probabilities of the data sample in different operation modes are calculated upon two monitoring statistics of the independent component analysis (ICA) model. Then, based on the combination of local ICR models in different operation modes, a probabilistic multiple ICR (MICR) model is developed. Meanwhile, the operation mode information of the data sample is located through posterior analysis of the new model. To evaluate the multimode quality prediction performance of the proposed method, two case studies are provided.     

多模态化工过程的全局监控策略

引言基于数据驱动的过程监控方法从20世纪80年代建立以来得到了蓬勃的发展,理论体系逐渐完善,功能模块不断丰富。特别是最近几年,来自人工智能,机器学习及信号处理领域的各种方法的引入为该领域注入了新的活力。目前,多数基于数据     

基于LECA的多工况过程故障检测方法

针对工业过程监控中的多工况复杂分布数据,提出一种基于局部熵成分分析(LECA)的故障检测方法。为处理数据的多模态分布问题,LECA首先采用KNN-Parzen窗方法估计变量的局部概率密度,进一步构造局部相对概率密度函数降低对窗参数选择的敏感性。为有效挖掘非高斯分布数据中的特征信息,利用信息熵理论计算过程数据的局部信息熵,并采用独立元分析(ICA)方法建立局部熵成分统计模型,实时检测过程故障。在数值例子和连续搅拌反应釜(CSTR)上的仿真结果表明,该方法在故障检测过程中能够获得较好的监控性能。     

Density peaks clustering-based steady/transition mode identification and monitoring of multimode processes

Multimode is the characteristic of industrial manufacturing processes due to different production strategies and environments. For multimode process monitoring, it is a challenge to identify different steady modes and transition modes. In this paper, a k nearest neighbours (KNN)-based density peaks clustering (DPC) method is applied to identify different modes. First, the local density of each sample, which is obtained with a KNN constraint and its minimum distance to the higher local density points are calculated as two indicators of the DPC algorithm to find the cluster centres of the training data. Then, the transition modes are identified by combining the moving window strategy and the DPC algorithm, where an index called the local density-distance ratio (LDDR) is employed. Finally, the monitoring algorithm is used to detect the faults for each operation mode. The effectiveness and advantages of the proposed method are illustrated by a numerical example and a Tennessee Eastman (TE) benchmark process.     

基于DHSC的多模态间歇过程测量数据异常检测方法

多模态间歇过程测量数据异常直接影响数据驱动的多元统计分析过程建模的准确性，导致间歇过程的监控性能降低。针对多模态间歇过程测量数据异常问题，提出了一种基于动态超球结构变化（DHSC）的多模态间歇过程测量数据异常检测方法。该方法通过引入时序约束的模糊C均值聚类（SCFCM），利用隶属度变化划分多模态间歇过程的模态；针对不同模态，采用支持向量数据描述（SVDD）建立基于训练数据的静态超球体和基于待检数据的动态超球体，选择重要的支持向量作为球体结构，进而通过识别超球体发生结构变化实现过程测量数据异常检测。青霉素发酵过程仿真实验表明，所提出的方法能够实现多模态间歇过程的模态划分，减少了模态切换对过程测量数据异常检测精度的影响，并能够根据超球体结构变化检测过程测量数据异常，具有较高的检测精度，降低了误检率。