不同硫化体系对动态硫化POE/PP性能的影响

采用动态硫化法制备POE／PP共混型热塑性弹性体，研究了交联剂过氧化二异丙苯（DCP）用量对POE／PP体系熔体流动速率和力学性能的影响．并用配方优化系统（RCAD）对DCP和助交联剂做了变量分析，考察DCP／S和DCP／TAIC不同配比对体系物理性能的影响。结果表明，DCP的加入使体系中PP降解，体系熔体流动速率单调上升、力学性能下降。DCP用量在一定范围内。助交联剂硫黄S对POE／PP体系才有较好的补强作用，固定DCP用量为2-4份，S用量范围为0．1～0-46份时，体系拉伸强度可达13．9MPa。当DCP用量超过2．0份，TAIC对强度的影响不大，DCP用量为1．72份，TAIC用量在2．44～3．0份时．体系的拉伸强度较好。     

特种共混型热塑性弹性体——Ⅱ.CPE及CSM与PA共混体系的组成对性能的影响

以CPE、CSM 及PA为原料,采用动态硫化法制备了具有特殊性能的共混型热塑性弹性体,考察了各种因素对共混物性能的影响,比较了 CPE/PA 和 CSM/PA 的综合性能。结果表明,橡胶相的交联程度对共混物的综合性能有较大影响;在 CPE/PA 共混体系中,DCP 交联体系较促进剂 NA-22 为优;助交联剂 TAIC 在本体系中起改性作用;白炭黑在共混体系中无明显补强效果,但经表面处理后,可提高橡胶相的交联程度;从共混物的返炼特性判断,当 CPE/PA(质量份)为 90/10—80/20时发生相转变;CPE/PA 的综合性能较 CSM/PA 为优。     

CM/EVM共混胶耐老化及介质性能的研究

研究了过氧化二异丙苯（DCP）/TAIC硫化体系对氯化聚乙烯（CM）/乙烯醋酸乙烯酯（EVM）共混胶力学性能、耐热空气老化性能及耐油性能的影响。结果表明,当DCP用量在2.8～3.2份之间、TAIC用量在1～1.4份之间时共混胶力学性能较好;DCP用量范围不变、TAIC用量在2～2.4份之间时,共混胶热空气老化后性能保持率较高;当DCP和TAIC用量均在2～2.4份之间时,共混胶耐油性能最好。在拉伸强度基本不变时,共混胶耐热空气老化及介质性能均显著提高。     

高密度聚乙烯／废橡胶胶粉共混物的改性研究

采用新的改性体系三元乙丙橡胶（EPDM）、硅油、过氧化二异丙苯（DCP）对高密度聚乙烯／胶粉（HDPE／SRP）共混物进行了研究，探讨了各改性剂用量对共混物力学性能的影响。结果表明：EPDM用量为10－15份，硅油用量为4份，DCP用量为0.2份，共混物具有较好的力学性能。与未改性HDPE／SRP共混物相比，改性后共混物（EPDM为10份，硅油为4份，DCP为0.2份）的冲击强度和断裂伸长率分别可以大幅度提高，并且胶粉含量越少，提高的幅度越明显。扫描电镜观察结果表明：改性共混物中弹性体的分散和包覆结构是韧性提高的主要原因。     

高性能丁腈橡胶/聚氯乙烯汽车油管胶料的研制

采用过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)作主交联剂、三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯(TAIC)作助交联剂硫化丁腈橡胶/聚氯乙烯(NBR/PVC)共混胶以制备汽车油管胶料,研究了TAIC用量对胶料的硫化特性、压缩永久变形、力学性能、耐溶剂性能、耐热老化性能以及耐臭氧老化性能的影响。结果表明,随着TAIC用量的增加,共混胶料的正硫化时间逐渐缩短,硫化速率逐渐加快,交联效率提高,最大转矩增加;同时共混胶的硬度和拉伸强度逐渐增大,扯断伸长率减小,其压缩永久变形、耐溶剂、耐热老化以及耐臭氧老化性能则呈现不同的变化。当DCP用量为3.5份、TAIC用量为3份时,NBR/PVC共混硫化胶的综合性能最好。     

PVC/SMAH共混物的研究

研究了聚氯乙烯（PVC）与（苯乙烯／马来酸酐）共聚物（SMAH）的共混改性,测定了共混物的冲击强度、熔体流动速率和维卡软化点。SMAH可以显著地提高PVC的熔体流动速率和维卡软化点,但共混物的制品冲击强度降低。加入第三组分（乙烯／乙酸乙烯酯）共聚物（E／VAC）后,PVC／SMAH共混物的制品冲击强度提高。结构分析表明,PVC／SMAH共混物体系是典型的两相体系。     

PVC-C/PVC共混材料的性能研究

采用氯化聚乙烯（CPE）对氯化聚氯乙烯（PVC—C）进行抗冲改性，将改性后的PVC—C与PVC进行共混，研究了PVC-C／PVC配比对PVC-C／PVC共混物力学性能、耐热性能及流变形能的影响。结果表明，PVC—C／PVC共混物的维卡软化点随PVC—C的用量增加而上升，在50／50（质量比）处有一拐点，大于50／50时上升更快些。共混物的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和熔体黏度随PVC—C用量的增加而提高；混物中随PVC—C用量增加，塑化时间缩短，塑化能力增强，而冲击强度和断裂伸长率却随PVC—C用量增加而下降。共平衡转矩增加。     

EPDM/CM耐高热输送带覆盖胶配方探讨

以三元乙丙胶（EPDM）与氯化聚乙烯（CM）并用为主体材料，根据耐高热输送带覆盖胶性能要求，采用机械共混、化学交联工艺制得EPDM／CM耐高热胶带覆盖胶，初步探讨了EPDM／CM共混比例、硫化体系、补强填充剂对覆盖胶性能的影响。实验结果表明，采用EPDM-K512／EPDM-4050／CM-352L的共混比为35／65／30时，既能改善胶料工艺性能，又提高了其拉伸强度、硬度；采用过氧化二异丙苯（DCP）／硫磺（S）／三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯（TAIC）的比例为5．5／0．3／2时，有良好的耐热老化性能和拉伸强度；此外采用中超炭黑（ISAF）／通用炭黑／白炭黑的配比为45／10／5时补强体系的性能最好。     

PP/ABS合金的制备及不同阻燃剂对其性能的影响研究

通过将DCP作为交联剂、TAIC为助交联剂,利用密炼机通过熔融共混进行PP/ABS的制备。通过对性能的测试,当DCP添加的质量分数是0.2%时,TAIC添加质量分数为4%时,制备的PP/ABS合金性能最佳。在此基础上只加入阻燃剂BT-93W以及BT-93W与DMDPB进行混合添加,并对得到的材料进行性能测定。     

活性高岭土的NBR复合增韧PVC／CPE体系的性能研究

采用高温煅烧和偶联剂改性方法获得活性高岭土,并将其与NBR、PVC、CPE进行共混实验。分别对不同配方复合材料的缺口冲击强度、拉伸强度和熔体粘度及加工塑化时间进行了测定。结果表明适量的活性高岭土不仅具有填充性能,而且与NBR能复合增韧增强PVC／CPE体系,并改善加工性能,当活性高岭土／NBR／CPE／PVC＝16／8／4／100左右,复合材料在成本、力学性能和加工性能方面表现出较好的综合性能。     

Influences of dicumyl peroxide on morphology and mechanical properties of polypropylene/poly(styrene‐b‐butadiene‐b‐styrene) blends via vane‐extruder

Polypropylene (PP) and poly(styrene‐b‐butadiene‐b‐styrene) block copolymer (SBS) were melt‐blended in the presence of initiator system. Dicumyl peroxide (DCP)/Triallyl isocyanurate (TAIC) via self‐deigned VE, aiming at in situ reactive compatibilization of toughed PP/SBS blend. The reactivity, morphology and mechanical properties of PP/SBS/DCP/TAIC blends were studied. Online torque detection was conducted to monitor changes in viscosities of reactive compatibilized blends, which could give proof of the interfacial grafted reaction induced by DCP/TAIC system. The effect of reactive compatibilization on the dispersed particles sizes and interfacial adhesion was studied by scanning electron microscopy. Analysis on mechanical performance revealed the impact strength improved after treated by initiator system, moreover, the impact‐fractured surface observation showed, the failure mode changed from debonding mechanism of neat 50PP/50SBS blend to plastic deformation mechanism of blend containing 3.0 phr initiator system. With improved interfacial adhesion, compatibilized blends not only were toughened but also exhibited enhanced tensile strength and thermal stability. Dynamic mechanical analysis showed a reduction of between PP phase and the PB segments in SBS phase, indicating reactive compatibilization of the blend was achieved. In the final part, a brief discussion was given about the dominant effects from chain scission of PP matrix to intergrafting reactions of PP and SBS, under different content of DCP/TAIC initiator system. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 41543.     

Influence of DCP content on the toughness and morphology of fully biobased ternary PLA/NR-PMMA/NR TPVs with co-continuous phase structure

ABSTRACT

Herein, the poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/poly(methyl methacrylate)-grafted natural rubber (NR-PMMA)/natural rubber (NR) blends with improved compatilibility was prepared by dicumyl peroxide induced dynamic vulcanization. Both the simple blend and the PLA/NR-PMMA/NR ternary thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPVs) exhibited co-continuous morphology. Moreover, the in situ compatibilization between PLA and rubber took place during the dynamic vulcanization. With increasing the DCP content, the toughness first increased and then decreased. With 2.5 phr DCP, the TPV displayed the highest impact strength of 760.7 J/m. Meanwhile, tensile strength of the TPVs was almost unchanged to that of the simple blend with the values of ~ 44 MPa.     

WPP/NWPCB/POE复合材料的制备及其热解特性

以废旧汽车保险杠(WPP)为基体,废弃线路板非金属粉(NWPCB)为填料,通过熔融共混的方法制备了系列WPP/NWPCB复合材料。在此基础上,用乙烯-辛烯共聚物(POE)和马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-MAH)对复合材料进行了协同改性,以增强复合材料的性能。力学性能测试和冲击断面微观形貌分析表明,POE显著提高了WPP/NWPCB复合材料的韧性,当POE用量为15 g·(100 g)^-1时,冲击强度较改性前提高129%;PP-g-MAH能够有效改善复合材料中填料与基体相容性,当添加量为9 g·(100 g)^-1时,复合材料的机械性能达到最佳,冲击强度、弯曲强度和拉伸强度较改性前分别提高7.8%、23.4%和20%。通过热重-红外联用研究了WPP/NWPCB/POE复合材料的热解过程,结果表明,复合材料在热解过程中除产生烷烃、烯烃及CO₂外,还产生了少量的苯酚类芳香族化合物与HBr等有害气体,同时NWPCB填料的添加提高了复合材料中WPP的热稳定性。     

极性单体就地增容PP／PA6共混物的研究

初步探索了采用极性单体马来酸二丁酯（ＤＢＭ）一步反应挤出就地增容ＰＰ／ＰＡ６共混物,结果表明：用ＤＢＭ一步法增容ＰＰ／ＰＡ６后,共混物的相容性得到改善,分散度增加,分散相畴尺寸减小,力学性能提高。ＤＢＭ用量和ＤＣＰ用量影响一步法的增容效果。     

PVC/MPOE/无机填料体系性能的研究

采用两步法制备了“核（刚性无机填料）-壳（热塑性弹性体）”结构的粒子，初步研究了PVC／MPOE（改性POE）／无机填料复合体系的力学性能。结果表明，当填充母料中滑石粉或碳酸钙的质量分数为70％时，PVC／MPOE／无机填料体系综合性能最好；CPE增加了PVC和MPOE的相容性，当其用量为11phr时．复合体系的冲击强度增加4．2倍，拉伸强度比PVC／POE体系增加2倍；流动改性剂改善了填充母料的加工性能，当其质量分数为2％时．填充母料的扭矩比不加流动改性剂的降低了25％，PVC／MPOE／无机填料复合体系的力学性能最佳。两步法比一步法改性的复合体系的冲击强度增加60％左右，而拉伸强度降低了10％。     

Toughening modification of PLLA/PBS blends via in situ compatibilization

Biodegradable polymer blends consisting of poly(L ‐lactic acid) (PLLA) and poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) were prepared in the presence of dicumyl peroxide (DCP). The effects of DCP content on the mechanical properties, thermal and rheological behavior, phase morphology as well as the toughening mechanism of the blends were investigated. The notched Izod impact strength of PLLA/PBS (80/20) blend significantly increased after the addition of 0.05–0.2 phr DCP, but the strength and modulus monotonically decreased with increasing DCP content. PBS acted as a nucleating agent at the environmental temperature below its melting temperature and accelerated the crystallization rate of PLLA but had little effect on its final degree of crystallinity. The degree of crystallinity of PBS and the cold crystallization ability of PLLA gradually reduced with increasing DCP content. The addition of DCP induced an increase in viscosity of the blends at low frequencies as well as finer dispersion of PBS particles and better interfacial adhesion between PLLA and PBS, indicating the in situ compatibilization occurred between the two components. The optical clarity of PLLA/PBS blends was significantly improved after the addition of DCP, which was in accordance with the crystallization behavior and phase structure of the blends. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2009. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers     

EPDM/CPE并用胶料在耐热输送带上的应用研究

采用三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)和氯化聚乙烯(CPE)作为耐高温输送带覆盖胶,通过不同配方设计和硫化工艺,着重研究了覆盖胶耐热性能。探讨了过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)和烯丙基异氰脲酸酯(TAIC)及硫磺(S)配比对共混物的力学性能和耐热老化性能的影响。结果表明:EPDM/CPE的共混比为60/40时,DCP用量为4 phr、TAIC用量为1 phr、S用量为0.2 phr时,胶料有良好的耐热老化性能和耐臭氧老化性能。     

苯乙烯和甲基丙烯酸甲酯梯度共聚物的应用

将用原子转移自由基聚合及连续补加甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）的方法制备的苯乙烯（St）/MMA梯度聚合物P（Pt-t-MMA）作为增容剂应用于聚氯乙烯/苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物（PVC/SBS）和PS/PMMA聚合物合金的增容和改性。扫描电镜结果表明,P（St-t-MMA）可以改善PVC/SBS和PMMA/PS合金的相容性。PVC/SBS合金中加入少量P（St-t-MMA)后,冲击强度从6.0kJ/m^2提高到12.1kJ/m^2,加工流变性能得到了改善。SBS用量也影响PVC/SBS合金的冲击强度。     

化学改性高熔体聚丙烯的制备及其挤出发泡特性研究

以过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)为交联剂、三烯丙基异三聚氰酸酯(TAIC)为助交联剂,通过平行双螺杆挤出机制备了高熔体强度聚丙烯(HMSPP),研究了DCP用量对PP的流变性能、材料的热性能及发泡特性的影响。结果表明:DCP与TAIC配合使用能有效控制PP交联,从而制得有一定凝胶含量的HMSPP,同时材料的耐热性也得以提高,当DCP用量为0.8份,TAIC为3份时,制备的HMSPP,挤出发泡特性最佳。