声发射在纤维增强聚合物基复合材料中的应用进展

综述了近年来声发射(AE)技术应用于监测纤维增强聚合物基复合材料力学性能的研究进展。分析了聚合物基复合材料AE技术检测原理及特性,并总结了AE技术在分析玻璃纤维、碳纤维、其他传统纤维以及植物纤维增强聚合物基复合材料损伤、断裂过程中的应用。结合AE技术在监测纤维增强聚合物基复合材料力学性能中存在的问题对其研究趋势进行了展望。     

纤维增强聚合物复合材料界面结构的研究进展

纤维增强聚合物复合材料是开发应用较早的结晶性热塑性复合材料之一,而复合材料中纤维与树脂基体间的界面是外加载荷向增强材料传递的纽带,其对复合材料的力学性能有着重要影响。该文综述了纤维增强聚合物复合材料的界面结构及其对复合材料力学性能的影响,以及今后需要深入研究的方向。     

聚合物基复合材料的增强增韧

介绍了聚合物基复合材料增强增韧的改性方法和机理,包括有机小分子、弹性体、刚性粒子、纤维以及碳纳米管增强增韧聚合物。并介绍了一些具有代表性的聚合物/增强增韧剂体系。并对聚合物基复合材料增强增韧的发展前景进行了展望。     

剑麻纤维/聚合物复合材料研究进展

主要概述了剑麻纤维(SF)的表面处理方法、SF增强热塑性聚合物及热固性聚合物复合材料的结构及性能,指出了SF增强聚合物复合材料今后的研究与发展方向。     

专利文摘

<正>专利名称:聚合物/纸浆纤维复合材料的制备方法专利申请号:CN200710051588.3公开号:CN101029178申请日:2007.02.25公开日:2007.09.05申请人:湖北工业大学;一种聚合物/纸浆纤维复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于:用纯净、干燥的纸浆纤维与聚合物熔融共混,制得聚合物/纸浆纤维增强增韧复合材料。这种复合材料可通过改性后的纸浆纤维来增强增韧热塑性塑料,其中的纸浆可以使用新鲜纸浆,也可以采用回收废     

林业生物质果壳纤维/聚合物复合材料的研究进展

综述了近年来林业生物质果壳纤维原料在聚合物复合材料领域的研究现状,阐述了椰壳、核桃壳、开心果壳等果壳纤维原料制备聚合物复合材料以及功能型复合材料的相关研究进展;并针对植物果壳纤维的应用以及研究现状,总结了复合材料改性增强的相关方法和发展方向,展望了林业果壳纤维在木塑复合材料的发展前景。     

玄武岩纤维增强聚合物基复合材料的研究进展

玄武岩纤维是四大高新技术纤维中综合性能最好和综合性价比最优的品种,玄武岩纤维增强聚合物基复合材料在工业上有着重要的使用价值,是21世纪支撑高科技产品,尤其是市政城建、建筑建材和国防军工建设的一种主要材料。本文综述了玄武岩纤维增强热固性聚合物基复合材料和热塑性聚合物基复合材料的研究现状及国内外的发展应用,以及今后需要深入研究的方向。     

碳纤维增强液晶高聚物复合材料的研究

研究了碳纤维(CF)增强热致性液晶聚合物(TLCP)制备高性能复合材料;探讨了不同纤维含量、不同纤维类型对复合材料力学性能、微观结构的影响;扫描电镜(SEM)结果证实了液晶聚合物在加工过程中自取向,形成了微纤结构,具有自增强作用,使复合材料表现出非常高的力学性能。     

树脂基复合材料在混凝土结构中的应用

本文详细介绍了树脂基复合材料（FRP）的组成材料，探讨了用于混凝土结构增强和加固的树脂基复合材料的成型工艺。在此基础上，讨论了树脂基复合材料，诸如纤维聚合物筋，纤维聚合物板和纤维聚合物锚 的性能和在混凝土结构的应用现状和前景。     

Research progress of basalt fiber reinforced polymer composites

玄武岩纤维的综合性能优异,是聚合物复合材料的理想增强体,在高强度、耐高温、耐酸碱腐蚀、耐烧蚀和耐摩擦等特殊领域展示了良好的应用前景。本文对玄武岩纤维聚合物基复合材料研究中的纤维与基体的界面改性、不同聚合物基体的复合材料以及玄武岩纤维与其它纤维的混杂三个方面进行了综述。目前对于玄武岩纤维界面性质的基础研究深度不足,有些复合材料的研究和制备方法还没有应用于玄武岩纤维上,使得玄武岩纤维复合材料的优势还没有得到充分的发挥。因此,应结合玄武岩纤维及其复合材料的特性,开发适用性强的和性价比好的产品,扩大应用范围。     

Plasma treatment of polymeric fibers for improved performance in cement matrices

The surfaces of collated fibrillated polypropylene fibers and monofilament polyolefin fibers were treated by low‐temperature cascade arc plasma with different gases to study the effect of interface treatment on the mechanical performance and toughening in fiber‐reinforced concrete composites. Results from static flexural tests conducted in a four‐point configuration on 17 concrete mixes including one unreinforced control mix, 4 mixes with untreated fibers (two volume contents for each of two fiber types—fibrillated and monofilament), and 12 mixes with plasma‐treated fibers (two volume contents, above two fiber types, and three plasma treatments) are presented and discussed. It is concluded that plasma treatment of polymeric fibers is effective in improving the flexural performance and toughness of fiber reinforced concrete composites. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 76: 1985–1996, 2000     

Prediction of failure and fracture mechanisms of polymeric composites using finite element analysis. Part 2: Fiber reinforced composites

A robust finite element scheme for the micro‐mechanical modeling of the behavior of fiber reinforced polymeric composites under external loads is developed. The developed model is used to simulate stress distribution throughout the composite domain and to identify the locations where maximum stress concentrations occur. This information is used as a guide to predict dominant failure and crack growth mechanisms in fiber reinforced composites. The differences between continuous fibers, which are susceptible to unidirectional transverse fracture, and short fibers have been demonstrated. To assess the validity and range of applicability of the developed scheme, numerical results obtained by the model are compared with the available experimental data and also with the values found using other methods reported in the literature. These comparisons show that the present finite element scheme can generate meaningful results in the analysis of fiber reinforced composites.     

Poly(lactic acid)-based biocomposites reinforced with kenaf fibers

Biodegradable thermoplastic-based composites reinforced with kenaf fibers were prepared and characterized. Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) was selected as polymeric matrix. To improve PLA/fibers adhesion, low amount of a proper reactive coupling agent, obtained by grafting maleic anhydride onto PLA, was added during matrix/fibers melt mixing. Compared with uncompatibilized composites, this compatibilization strategy induces a strong interfacial adhesion and a pronounced improvement of the mechanical properties. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

Effect of saline degradation on the mechanical properties of vinyl ester matrix composites reinforced with glass and natural fibers

One important application of polymeric composites reinforced with natural fibers is in the area of naval engineering design. The objective of this work was to study the influence of saline degradation on the mechanical properties of vinyl ester matrix composites reinforced with glass, sisal, and coconut fibers and natural fibers modified with bitumen. All samples presented mass loss after exposure in a salt spray chamber. All materials, except the composite reinforced with coconut–bitumen, showed a decrease in toughness after a salt spray test. The fracture of the vinyl ester resin with sisal and sisal–bitumen fibers showed a fiber bridging mechanism. These materials showed the highest value of toughness among the materials studied. The presence of fiber pullout was observed in the samples of vinyl ester resin reinforced with glass, coconut, and coconut fibers covered with bitumen. In these samples, poor adhesion between the fiber and matrix was observed. The treatment of fibers with bitumen increased the mass loss and decreased the stability of samples in a saline atmosphere. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2008     

Poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate)‐based biocomposites reinforced with kenaf fibers

Biodegradable thermoplastic‐based composites reinforced with kenaf fibers were prepared and characterized. Poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV), produced by bacterial fermentation, was selected as polymeric matrix. To improve PHBV/fibers adhesion, low amount of a proper compatibilizing agent, obtained by grafting maleic anhydride onto PHBV, was added during matrix/fibers melt mixing (reactive blending). When compared with uncompatibilized composites, the presence of the compatibilizer induces a stronger interfacial adhesion and a more pronounced improvement of the mechanical properties. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007     

Effect of packing pressure on fiber orientation in injection molding of fiber‐reinforced thermoplastics

Injection molding of fiber‐reinforced polymeric composites is increasing with demands of geometrically complex products possessing superior mechanical properties of high specific strength, high specific stiffness, and high impact resistance. Complex state of fiber orientation exists in injection molding of short fiber reinforced polymers. The orientation of fibers vary significantly across the thickness of injection‐molded part and can become a key feature of the finished product. Improving the mechanical properties of molded parts by managing the orientation of fibers during the process of injection molding is the basic motivation of this study. As a first step in this direction, the present results reveal the importance of packing pressure in orienting the fibers. In this study, the effects of pressure distribution and viscosity of a compressible polymeric composite melt on the state of fiber orientation after complete filling of a cavity is considered experimentally and compared with the simulation results of Moldflow analysis. POLYM. COMPOS. 28:214–223, 2007. © 2007 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Extraction of bamboo fibers and their use as reinforcement in polymeric composites

Few investigations have been carried out with bamboo fibers despite its high strength, biodegradability, and low cost. The overall objective of this work was to investigate fiber extraction from bamboo and the use of these bamboo fibers as reinforcement in polymeric composites. A combination of chemical and mechanical methods was used for the extraction of bamboo fibers. Conventional methods of compression molding technique (CMT) and roller mill technique (RMT) were explored for the mechanical separation. Fiber population from both the techniques were characterized. Mechanical properties of the fibers also were evaluated. Bamboo fibers obtained from CMT and RMT were used to make unidirectional composites of polyester. High values of tensile strength were observed in all the composites. The predominant mode of failure for the composite was shown to be the cracking of the fiber–matrix interface. Quantitative results from this study will be useful for further and more accurate design of bamboo reinforced composite materials. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 76: 83–92, 2000     

Processing of plant fiber composites by liquid molding techniques: An overview

Lately, researchers around the world have developed effective chemical and physical treatments on plant fibers to improve their compatibility with polymeric matrices. In addition, the need of high performance fabrics produced from plant fibers has been addressed by many manufacturers of textile reinforcements. These facts have increased the use of natural fibers in the composite industry. Liquid composite molding (LCM) techniques are suitable for mass production of high‐quality composite parts. Basically, the reinforcement is compressed inside a mold and a thermosetting resin is injected to impregnate the fibers and fill the empty spaces in the mold. After the resin cures, the composite part is demolded. However, the processing of plant fiber–reinforced composites by the traditional techniques is not trivial, because the structure of plant fibers is more complex than that of synthetic fibers and due to their chemical composition rich in cellulose and hemicellulose, they are highly hydrophilic. This work presents a review on the main issues that arise during the processing of plant fiber reinforced composites by traditional liquid composite molding techniques. POLYM. COMPOS., 37:718–733, 2016. © 2014 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Progress Report on Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites

This century has witnessed remarkable achievements in green technology in material science through the development of natural fiber reinforced composites. The development of high‐performance engineering products made from natural resources is increasing worldwide day by day. There is increasing interest in materials demonstrating efficient use of renewable resources. Nowadays, more than ever, companies are faced with opportunities and choices in material innovations. Due to the challenges of petroleum‐based products and the need to find renewable solutions, more and more companies are looking at natural fiber composite materials. The primary driving forces for new bio‐composite materials are the cost of natural fibers (currently priced at one‐third of the cost of glass fiber or less), weight reduction (these fibers are half the weight of glass fiber), recycling (natural fiber composites are easier to recycle) and the desire for green products. This Review provides an overview of natural fiber reinfocred composites focusing on natural fiber types and sources, processing methods, modification of fibers, matrices (petrochemical and renewable), and their mechanical performance. It also focuses on future research, recent developments and applications and concludes with key issues that need to be resolved. This article critically summarizes the essential findings of the mostly readily utilized reinforced natural fibers in polymeric composite materials and their performance from 2000 to 2013.     

Barrier properties for short‐fiber‐reinforced epoxy foams

The barrier properties of short‐fiber‐reinforced epoxy foam are characterized and compared with unreinforced epoxy foam in terms of moisture absorption, flammability properties, and impact properties. Compression and shear properties are also included to place in perspective the mechanical behavior of these materials. Compared with conventional epoxy foam, foam reinforced with aramid fibers exhibits higher moisture absorption and lower diffusion, while glass‐fiber‐reinforced foam is significantly stiffer and stronger. In addition, the polymeric foam composites studied present superior fire‐resistance compared with conventional epoxy foam systems. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 3266–3272, 2006