高强耐火泥浆在回转窑内衬中的应用

与其他固定式工业炉窑(如倒焰窑、隧道窑、石灰炉等)相比，回转窑内衬的使用寿命较短。究其原因，一是转动的窑体对内衬的机械作用给内衬造成一定损坏；二是在回转窑运转过程中，砖之间粘结不牢，造成内衬砖问相互作用而导致回转窑内衬使用寿命较短。其中后者是主要原因，本文在分析窑内衬     

回转窑耐火砖砌体环缝结构的改造

在检修氧化铝回转窑内衬时发现,回转窑耐火砖内衬的损坏,在不同区域有不同的表现形式。其中一种损坏形式是各个环缝处的耐火砖的爆砖、损坏等。因此,对环缝处的耐火内衬的爆砖、损坏的主要原因进行了分析,并对耐火砖砌     

回转窑掉砖机理分析

本文从回转窑的内衬结构、砖缝、耐火砖与筒体间的垫层和砖环锁口等方面入手,分析了由此引起掉砖的机理,从而从设计、施工等方面采取有效的措施,避免回转窑掉砖现象的发生。     

回转窑内衬无转动施工

德国Dider筑护技术公司（DiderLiningTech-nique）开发出的回转窑筑炉设备使得无需转动回转窑即可完成内衬砌筑。当回转窑下部筑村完成后，把筑窑设备置于赛中。采用该设备能使砖靠紧并处于最佳位置。当一圈砖正在施工中或接近结束时，可开始第二圈施工。这可使衬体砌筑连续进行。不同尺寸的筑炉设备可满足各种直径尺寸的回转窑。采用这种施工设备可大大提高施工速度，而且可以减少施工事故，加强施工安全性。回转窑内衬无转动施工     

煅烧石油焦回转窑内衬技术分析及改进措施

通过测试和实际使用研究,对原有的煅烧焦回转窑内衬进行分析,并进行了一系列的改进,使得煅烧回转窑内衬的使用寿命得到显著提高,改造后的煅烧回转窑,连续生产稳定性大大提高,耐火内衬寿命显著延长,大大降低了频繁停窑检修的成本。     

氧化炉结构与设计改进

介绍了瑞典Boliden公司的氧化炉结构。为克服其固定支座水平力对土建构架的影响,设计改进为滚柱结构支座;为消除炉壳与内衬层伸缩不一影响衬砖层,炉墙内增设了支承圈和膨胀缝,均获外方认可。并介绍了内衬层施工的要求。     

低挥发分煤对烧成带衬砖寿命的影响及对策

回转窑上使用低挥发分煤极易损伤烧成带衬砖。从衬砖，燃烧器，操作等方面提出了相应控制措施，提高了衬砖的使用寿命。     

硅莫砖在2000t／d预分解窑过渡带的应用

我公司２０００ｔ／ｄ熟料生产线自１９９４年４月投产以来，回转窑过渡带的衬料不断更新换代，其使用寿命亦由５０多ｄ提高到１７０ｄ以上，实现了与回转窑烧成带碱性砖的配套使用。１窑过渡带衬料的使用损坏状况２０００ｔ／ｄ回转窑规格为Φ４ｍ×６０ｍ，五级双列预热...     

干熄焦用内衬砖的损蚀机理及对策

根据干熄焦工艺特点,分析了内衬砖的损蚀机理以及影响性能指标因素的排序。针对国内干熄焦炉用内衬砖存在热震稳定性差、使用寿命短等缺陷,提出了相应的对策,为研制开发适合干熄焦炉用的特种耐火材料提供了参考。     

高硫燃油加热炉用耐火材料性能的研究

在石油/气精炼和石油化工行业中,加热炉用耐火材料内衬在加热炉性能和使用寿命方面起重要作用。本文研究和分析了采用高硫燃油作燃料的加热炉耐火材料内衬性能（内衬配置为热面是隔热砖,背衬隔热是硅酸钙大砖）和使用了10年所面临的问题。     

Multifunctional Refractory-lined Vessel: Ladle Aggregate

A ladle primarily is a container used to transport molten steel from the steelmaking unit to the casting facility.The essential requirements are heat resistant,insulative and strong enough to hold molten steel up to 300 t,with a structure of multilayered refractory lining in a steel shell vessel.When a ladle is assembled with three-phase graphite electrodes,a ladle furnace forms,starting steel refining process with/without the vacuum tank degasser and RH circulating degasser,in order to meet the growing demand on high purity and higher quality steel.The working lining is under aggressive conditions that comprise the chemical reaction with molten steel,the severe corrosion of liquid slag,the disaggregation through oxidation,and the strong stress due to the impacting of the melts and gases and the effects of thermomechanical behaviors.Magnesiacarbon brick is one of the major materials,being indispensable for the slagline of a ladle furnace.Alumina-magnesiacarbon brick has played an important role to substantially increase the service life in the metal zone,from the early lining materials of high alumina and doloma bricks.The permanent lining must assume sufficient responsibility to allow finishing the process of the engaged charge in case of a failure in the working lining.The insulation layer must be as thin as possible in order to maximize the ladle’s capacity,and reduce the shell temperature for saving energy.In this issue,several integrant refractories are reviewed or investigated in order to compile a lining overview,and to contribute a prolonged service life under aggressive working conditions of the ladle furnace.     

高炉陶瓷杯用新型塑性相复合刚玉砖的研究

随着高炉炼铁工艺的发展,大量经济料的采用,以及强化冶炼导致炉缸工况条件日益恶化,使得陶瓷杯使用寿命大为降低.在分析高炉陶瓷杯用耐火材料损毁原因的基础上,对原有塑性相复合刚玉砖进行优化升级,通过引入复合添加剂、采用有机树脂结合及优化烧成制度等措施开发出了大型高炉陶瓷杯用新型塑性相复合刚玉砖(TD-I).新型塑性相复合刚玉砖是一种塑性相、炭复合结合新结构耐火制品,综合性能优良,其显气孔率仅为11.0%,但是热震稳定性大于25次,实现了材料低气孔和优良的热震稳定性的统一,可改善材料的抗侵蚀性能.制品的1000 ℃导热率为6.22 W·(m·K)-1,适度的导热可使得陶瓷杯的隔热及保护炭砖的两个作用得到充分发挥,延长使用寿命.     

新型气化炉耐火材料有关问题的探讨

简要介绍了多喷嘴对置式水煤浆加压气化炉燃烧室内衬耐火材料的结构和选用原则,分析了耐火砖的蚀损机理、烧蚀模式及影响耐火砖使用寿命的因素,对提高耐火砖使用寿命的措施进行了探讨。目前,气化炉拱项耐火砖使用寿命已突破15000h,且仍有延长空间,耐火砖的蚀损速率明显降低,为气化系统的长周期、安全、稳定、高效运行奠定了基础。     

德士古渣油气化炉耐火衬里的改进

通过对耐火衬里使用寿命短、炉口和热电偶孔部位超温原因的分析,对炉口、热电偶孔部位耐火衬里进行了改进,增加了气化炉筒体下部刚玉砖的厚度,解决了炉壁超温问题,耐火衬里用寿命从原来的不到８０００ｈ延长到１６０００ｈ以上。     

回转窑内挡砖圈设置的探讨

挡砖圈具有阻挡砖的轴向滑动和增加筒体刚度的作用。对于它在窑内的位置和数量,要根据窑的规格、工艺、耐火砖的品种及其使用寿命来考虑。     

不锈钢冶炼用铁水包Al2O3-SiC-C内衬砖的性能与侵蚀机理

铁水包内衬材料长期服役于间隔周期较长的高、低温交替环境,极易发生剥落与侵蚀损毁。为了探索影响铁水包内衬材料使用寿命的主要因素,对市面上四种铁水包Al₂O₃-SiC-C内衬砖的化学成分、物相组成、物理性能和微观结构进行了分析,并以高炉渣为侵蚀介质,重点研究了不锈钢冶炼用铁水包Al₂O₃-SiC-C内衬砖的侵蚀机理。结果表明:铁水包Al₂O₃-SiC-C内衬砖中Al₂O₃含量越高,高温下制品的液相量越低,越有利于提高耐火砖的高温力学性能;随着含碳量的增加,铁水包Al₂O₃-SiC-C内衬砖的抗渣性得到明显改善,但抗氧化性及高温抗折强度呈下降趋势;高炉渣中CaO、MgO向耐火砖中渗透,与耐火砖中的Al₂O₃、SiO₂发生反应形成高熔点的镁铝尖晶石及低熔点的钙长石等,生成的低熔相会加剧耐火砖的侵蚀。     

Performance of a ceramic frit anti-oxidation coating on a MgO-C refractory brick

In steel production, ladles must be preheated to minimize the heat loss of the steel melt, prevent thermal shock of refractory bricks (MgO-C), and to maximize the lining life of ladle. Partial oxidation of MgO-C bricks begins in the graphite bond during the preheating. Oxidation of graphite bond also causes a decrease in performance of the bricks because of an increase in the brick porosity. In this article, coating on a MgO-C brick surface by a ceramic film to protect against carbon oxidation was studied. Coated and un-coated bricks were heated at 1200 °C, cooled to room temperature, then the brick properties investigated. The oxidization resistance properties of brick with coating were much better than those without coating, which should lead to longer refractory service life.     

Service of chamotte articles in furnaces for melting aluminum

Chamotte bricks are studied after service in the tank of a furnace for melting secondary aluminum. The deterioration of the lining is caused by the reducing action of molten aluminum mainly on the silica contained in the refractory. It is inferred that high-alumina refractories are more suitable for such furnaces.     

An analysis of the efficiency gained with replacement of the traditional lining of bell and chamber metallurgical furnaces by lining made of refractory ceramic fiber

In theory, there exist two methods of replacement of traditional lining made of fireclay insulation articles by lining made of OKB Cerablanket refractory ceramic fiber. The first method consists in production of lining made of OKB Cerablanket rolled material with the material being formed in undulating fashion into sections with height of a wave equal to the thickness of the lining. In the second method, the lining is fabricated from ready-made modular Z-blok sections with integrated anchors made of stainless steel. Sections fabricated from OKB Cerablanket rolled material is arranged in a linear or checkerboard arrangement. The operating life of lining fabricated from refractory fiber is practically unlimited. Anumber of conditions that guarantee long and effective service of the materials must be fulfilled, for example, the furnace temperature must not exceed 1170°C, rate of gas flow must not be greater than 20 – 30 m/sec, and the lining must not be subjected to mechanical loads.     

气化炉拱顶耐火隔热衬里层传热关键影响因素分析

以某化肥装置天然气气化炉的典型工业运行实测数据为基准,采用稳态传热理论对气化炉拱顶外壁温度进行理论传热计算校验,通过对拱顶耐火隔热衬里层传热关键因素的灵敏度分析,表明莫来石隔热砖层对拱顶外壁温度的影响最大,从理论上证明了控制拱顶耐火隔热衬里层传热的关键物性参数是隔热砖的导热系数。因此,在拱顶耐火隔热衬里层设计计算中选取...