高收缩共聚酯合成性能与成纤性能研究

通过共聚酯PEIT(间苯二甲酸、对苯二甲酸、乙二醇共聚物)的合成及其全拉伸丝(FDY)纺丝的成功实验,研究了高收缩PEIT共聚物合成工艺中共聚组分间苯二甲酸(IPA)的摩尔百分数对共聚酯PEIT的玻璃化温度、熔点的影响,探讨了该PEIT共聚物的结晶性能及其纺丝工艺条件对高收缩纤维性能的影响。     

1.5dtex中空多微孔涤纶短纤维纺丝技术的探讨

介绍了1.5 dtex中空多微孔涤纶短纤维的生产设备,主要纺丝工艺,并对原料中的改性组分对共聚酯性能的影响,纺丝组件、切片干燥、纺丝温度、冷却成形条件、后拉伸工艺,定型工艺等进行了讨论。指出,选择纺丝温度288℃,拉伸温度60℃,拉伸倍率3.2,定型温度130～140℃,成品纤维品质指标较好。     

提高涤纶有光丝拉伸性能的工艺

在降低聚酯黏度、提升负荷的条件下,通过提高后纺拉伸倍率,拉伸温度等来保证断裂强度等品质指标,改善了纤维的拉伸性能。原丝倍半伸长率是确定纺丝工艺调整方向和幅度的重要依据。     

PET/PBT嵌段共聚酯的纤维制备及性能研究

本文主要报导对PET/PBT嵌段共聚酯的纤维制备及性能研究,并介绍自行设计的纤维弯曲回弹性测试方法.试验表明,用80升釜扩大试验制得的批量共聚酯切片,能进行正常的纺丝和拉伸,以此制得的共聚纤维其拉伸和弯曲回弹性优于常规PET纤维和PBT纤维,染色性能接近常规PBT纤维.     

拉伸热定型对PET-PA/PA6共混纤维结构与性能的影响

以聚酯-聚酰胺共聚物/聚酰胺6(PET-PA/PA6)共混物为原料,采用熔融纺丝法制备了PET-PA/PA6共混纤维,讨论了拉伸热定型工艺对PET-PA/PA6共混纤维结构与性能的影响。结果表明:随拉伸倍数的增大,PET-PA/PA6共混纤维的断裂强度、取向度、结晶度以及沸水收缩率均明显增大;拉伸温度和热定型温度对PET-PA/PA6共混纤维的断裂强度和取向度的影响相对较小;随拉伸温度的升高,PET-PA/PA6共混纤维的断裂强度、取向度和结晶度呈现先增大后减小的趋势,并在拉伸温度为85℃时出现最大值;随热定型温度的升高,PET-PA/PA6共混纤维的结晶度增大、沸水收缩率减小;较佳的工艺条件为拉伸倍数1.6,拉伸温度85℃,热定型温度150℃。     

低熔点聚酯复合纺丝研究

研究了低熔点聚酯切片的流变性能 ,以及低熔点聚酯与普通PET皮芯复合纺丝时的皮芯层复合比、皮层组分配比、切片干燥工艺和纤维拉伸工艺。结果表明 :低熔点聚酯熔体属典型的假塑性非牛顿流体 ,切片进行皮芯复合纺丝时 ,皮芯复合比选择 5 0 / 5 0 ,皮层采用 70 %低熔点聚酯和 3 0 %普通PET ,芯层采用普通PET ,所得纤维性能较好。     

聚羟基丁酸羟基戊酸共聚酯纤维干法纺丝成形研究

从生物源聚合体聚羟基丁酸羟基戊酸共聚酯（PHBV）出发,对其干法纺丝成形作了探索。重点研究了纺丝原液的流变行为,初生纤维截面形态,初生纤维可拉伸性能随存放时间的变化,拉伸过程对纤维力学性能的影响等。结果表明,用干法纺丝制备的PHBV初生纤维具有较好的可拉伸性,但需严格控制初生纤维的存放时间;经拉伸及后处理,PHBV纤维的断裂强度可以达到1.8cN/dtex以上,断裂伸长可以达到40％以上。     

海岛复合超细纤维的纺丝工艺探讨

采用特性粘数0.70dL/g以上的水溶性聚酯(COPET)为海组分,半消光聚酯(PET)为岛组分进行纺丝,得到海岛复合超细纤维,探讨了纺丝工艺对纤维染色性能的影响。结果表明:应严格控制干燥条件及纺丝组件工艺,干切片含水量小于30μg/g,岛组分与海组分粘度差0.02dL/g,COPET纺丝温度273～286℃,PET纺丝温度289～295℃,冷却吹风速率0.45～0.50m/s,吹风温度18～20℃,卷绕速度3300m/min,可得到染色性能好的海岛复合超细纤维。     

利用回收聚酯纺制阻燃短纤维的工艺探讨

以回收聚酯为原料,添加阻燃母粒,在VD403设备上,共混纺丝制取阻燃短纤维.本文对生产过程中阻燃母粗加入量、纺丝温度、冷却成形条件及后拉伸等工艺进行了探讨.成品纤维的LOI≥27%,阻燃性能达到要求.     

纺丝拉伸一步法制涤纶全拉伸丝工艺研究

PET连续纺丝拉伸的二种不同工艺:高速纺丝—低倍率高速拉伸;低速纺丝—高倍率高速拉伸。所得到的纤维都是FDY。比较了这二种工艺产品的性能和结构。并与普通的POY—DT及UDY—DT路线产品进行了对比。发现用高速纺丝低倍拉伸方法制得的纤维性质更好一些。而低速纺的方法实施起来更方便。在二种连续纺丝拉伸工艺中由于消除了"不同停留时间"的影响,其产品的染色均匀性都比间断的方法来得好。     

Structures and properties of easily dyeable copolyesters and their fibers respectively modified by three kinds of diols

Three kinds of modified poly(ethylene terephthalate) copolyesters were synthesized, using sodium‐5‐sulfo‐bis‐(hydroxyethyl)‐isophthalate as the third monomer, 1,3‐propanediol (PDO), 2‐methyl‐1,3‐propanediol (MPD), and 2,2‐dimethyl‐1,3‐propanediol (neopentyl glycol or NPG) as the fourth monomer, respectively. The copolyester fibers were also prepared by melt spinning and drawing processes. The effect of PDO, MPD, and NPG on the synthesis and spinning process was investigated, and the structures and properties of both copolyesters and the produced fibers were characterized. The results exhibited that the structural difference of PDO, MPD, and NPG played an important role in the synthesis and spinning process, and significantly affected the structures and properties of both copolyesters and the produced fibers, which thereby resulted in the difference in terms of dyeability improvement of copolyester fibers. The dyeing at boiling temperature under normal pressure experiments of copolyester fibers in both disperse dyebath and cationic dyebath revealed that incorporation of the fourth monomer could improve the dyeability of copolyester fiber, and copolyester fiber containing MPD unit had better dyeability due to a looser, more accessible structure when compared with the fiber containing PDO or NPG unit. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

Formation and properties of polyester/copolyester conjugate fibers prepared by ultra‐high‐speed melt spinning technique

In this study, three types of conjugate fibers, sea‐islands type, orange split type, and side by side type, were prepared by using an on‐line steaming process through a high‐speed spinning technique in order to improve the processibility, efficiency, and properties of the fibers. It was found that the weight reduction ratios of orange split and sea‐island polyester/copolyester fibers were higher than that of polyester fibers. The SEM results indicate that the split time was shortened by using the ultra‐high‐speed melt spinning process. The nozzle‐draft increased and elongation decreased for side by side conjugate fibers after the spin speed was increased. The elasticity and crimp ratio of side by side conjugate fibers were significantly affected by the drawing temperature. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2012. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers     

多组分共聚酯高速纺长丝的工艺探讨

：讨论了预结晶干燥温度、纺丝温度、纺丝速度、组件砂配比、拉伸温度和拉伸倍数等对多组分阳离子染料易染共聚酯（ＭＰＰＥＴ）的纺丝、后加工过程的影响     

Factorial optimization of the effects of melt‐spinning conditions on biodegradable as‐spun aliphatic–aromatic copolyester fibers. III. Diameter,tensile properties,and thermal shrinkage

To model the melt‐spinning process of biodegradable as‐spun linear aliphatic–aromatic copolyester fibers, a fraction factorial experimental design and appropriate statistical analysis for the 32 screening trials involving five control parameters were used. Because of their central role in the production processes and end use textiles, it is important to simulate the mechanical and thermal shrinkage properties of AAC fibers. Concise statistical models of fiber behavior are based on factorial experimental design data. Process's data are collected, analyzed, and mathematical models created to predict the diameter, tenacity, elongation at break, modulus, and thermal shrinkage of the spun fiber in terms of random variables and their associated probability distributions. The theoretical regression models obtained form the main source code in the enhanced forecasting program, which presents the melt‐spinning process of aromatic–aliphatic copolyester fibers. Factorial statistical approaches, based on over indicated region levels of melt‐spinning process parameters, are given in terms of assumptions and theory to produce biodegradable, environmentally friendly fibers for different applications. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

低熔点共聚酯的合成及性能研究

介绍了一种可用于纺丝的低熔点共聚酯的合成工艺及其纺丝性能。通过改变其组分降低聚酯的熔点,研究表明共聚酯的熔点随第三组分含双羟端基单体的加入量增加在一定范围内呈线性降低,当第四组分丁二醇的加入量为所加醇总量摩尔比的40％时,可得熔点为128％的共聚酯,所得共聚酯具有一定的结晶性和良好的纺丝性能。通过DSC、X射线衍射、红外光谱法等对共聚酯切片及其纤维性能进行了表征。结果表明,共聚酯中的亚甲基含量增高。通过提高亚甲基含量,可降低熔点,具有一定的结晶能力。     

Investigations of the preparation technology for polyglycolic acid fiber with perfect mechanical performance

Polyglycolic acid (PGA) fibers were prepared by melt‐spinning process in this report. The effects of spinning parameters, such as windup rates and drawn ratio, on the mechanical properties of the fibers were discussed by analyzing the internal stress of as‐spun fibers, axial sound velocity, fiber tenacity, etc. The results showed that windup rate had a slight effect on the macromolecular orientation degree of the as‐spun fibers, which was quite unusual for melt spinning, whereas, the subsequent drawing process effectively increased the macromolecular orientation degree of the PGA fibers and consequently increased the tensile strength of the fibers. Low internal stress of as‐spun fibers obtained at lower windup rate led to higher drawing ratio, and the drawn fibers possessed relatively excellent mechanical properties. As a contrast, higher windup rate resulted in the strong internal stress of the as‐spun fibers, which had a negative influence on the drawing process, and so the tensile strength of the drawn fibers was relatively poor. Therefore, PGA fiber with perfect mechanical performance could be prepared at the technical parameters of lower windup rate and higher drawing multiples as well as slow drawing rate. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007     

Influence of the spinning conditions on the structure and properties of polyamide 12/carbon nanotube composite fibers

The inclusion of nanoparticles in polymer fibers is potentially useful for improving or bringing new properties such as mechanical strength, electrical conductivity, piezoresistivity, and flame retardancy. In this study, composite fibers made of polyamide 12 and multiwall carbon nanotubes were investigated. The fibers were spun via a melt‐spinning process and stretched at different draw ratios. The influence of several spinning factors, including spinning speed, extrusion rate, and draw ratio were investigated and correlated to the structure and properties of the fibers. X‐ray diffraction analyses and mechanical tests indicated that the spinning speed barely affected the structure and mechanical properties of the fibers under tension. The spinning speed, however, is critical for future industrial applications because it determines the possible production rates. By contrast, drawing during spinning or after spinning strongly affected the polymer chain alignment and fiber mechanical properties. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

SA/PTA/EG共聚酯纤维的性能研究

将丁二酸(SA)部分取代对苯二甲酸(PTA),与玉米基乙二醇(EG)共聚制得SA/PTA/EG共聚酯并对其进行纺丝,研究了共聚酯纤维的可纺性、力学性能和染色性能。结果表明:SA/PTA/EG共聚酯的纺丝温度较常规聚酯的纺丝温度约低25℃。随着SA含量的增加,共聚酯纤维的模量和声速取向度降低,沸水收缩率增加,但SA质量分数(相对于PTA)不宜大于20%。共聚酯纤维染色性能优异,染色温度约90℃,上染率可达90%以上,其耐摩擦牢度和耐洗色牢度均不低于4级。     

60PHB/PET共聚酯纤维的结构与性能

将两种不同分子量(特性粘数分别为0.800dL/g和0.534dL/g)的60PHB/PET共聚酯在小型模拟纺丝机上挤压纺丝。通过物性测试对共聚酯纤维进行了结构与性能分析。结果表明:共聚酯纤维具有高结晶、高晶区取向及高分子链取向的高度规整的原纤化结构。这些结构特征赋予纤维具有超高拉伸模量及动态拉伸模量和低延伸、低收缩。     

干喷湿纺中凝固牵伸对碳纤维前驱体PAN初生纤维的影响

为了研究PAN纤维干喷湿纺中凝固浴牵伸的作用机理。采用DMso水溶液作为凝固浴,利用纤维强伸度仪、分析天平、X射线衍射仪、电子探针等手段,研究了干喷湿纺中凝固牵伸对PAN初生纤维及最终原丝结构及性能的影响。结果表明,干喷瀑纺中,在凝固浴浓度（65％）、温度（20℃）、空气层厚度（2mm）等条件下,随凝固浴牵伸的增加,初生纤维及PAN原丝的孔隙率逐步降低,结晶度逐渐增大,初生纤维表现出较高的断裂强度,纵表面更加光洁,横截面更加致密;适当调整凝固浴牵伸,得到了纤度1．01dtex,强度7．52cN,dtcx的聚丙烯腈原丝。