DBSA掺杂聚苯胺在导电塑料中的应用

以十二烷基苯磺酸(DBSA)作为掺杂酸合成掺杂态聚苯胺,并以掺杂态聚苯胺和特导炭黑做为导电填料,线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)为基体,乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯(EVA)作为增塑剂,掺杂态聚苯胺和特导炭黑作为导电填料,制备导电塑料。使用四探针法测定了掺杂态聚苯胺和导电塑料的电导率,使用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射、红外光谱法、热重法对掺杂态聚苯胺进行分析和表征,并且测试了导电塑料的力学性能和流动性能。研究表明:掺杂态聚苯胺具有良好的导电性能,可以作为导电塑料的导电填料使用;并且使用掺杂态聚苯胺和特导炭黑作为导电填料制备的导电塑料比单独使用掺杂态聚苯胺具有更好的导电性能,力学性能。     

盐酸掺杂聚苯胺/炭黑作填料的导电涂料制备及其防腐蚀性能研究

采用共混法,以盐酸掺杂聚苯胺(HCl PANI)和炭黑(CB)为混合导电填料,环氧树脂E-44和107胶为粘合剂制备了导电涂料,将其涂覆于Q235钢基片上制备了防腐蚀涂层。采用电化学、耐酸性和中性盐雾试验等手段评价了涂层的防腐蚀性能。实验结果表明:导电涂层附着力较好,具有良好的耐酸性和耐中性盐雾性能;在3.5%Na Cl水溶液中以盐酸掺杂聚苯胺/炭黑(HCl PANI/CB)为混合填料制备的涂层使裸钢的开路电位从-0.849 V正移至-0.482 V,说明涂层对钢基片具有良好的防腐蚀性。     

导电聚合物电致显色的研究方法及进展

综述了导电聚合物材料的电致显色的机理、掺杂方式、掺杂特点和电致显色膜的制备方法。着重从电化学和紫外可见吸收光谱的角度阐述了电致显色材料的研究方法。通过改变电化学的过程,可获得一系列光谱特性,进而可得出导电聚合物掺杂和去掺杂过程对电致显色所产生的影响,为导电聚合物材料的改进和应用提供指导作用。最后,从三种代表性的导电聚合物出发,概述了目前电致显色材料的研究现状和发展趋势。     

掺杂氧化铈-碳酸盐复合电解质导电性能的电阻网络模拟

首次用两相随机格点模型模拟掺杂氧化铈-碳酸盐复合电解质,进而将随机格点模型转变为随机电阻网络模型,对掺杂氧化铈-碳酸盐复合电解质导电性能进行了模拟。考察了碳酸盐体积分数、掺杂氧化铈颗粒的粒径大小、温度对复合电解质O^2-电导率和H⁺电导率的影响。模拟结果与钐掺杂氧化铈-碳酸盐复合电解质电导率的实验数据进行了对比。结果表明,模拟计算值与实验值具有很好的吻合性。     

过氧化钨酸-过氧化氢化学聚合法合成掺杂态聚苯胺

在过氧化钨酸-过氧化氢均相催化氧化体系中,在盐酸或对甲基苯磺酸的存在下合成出掺杂态聚苯胺(PANI/HCl和PANI/TSA)。反应终了后,加入碘化钾除去体系中剩余的过氧化氢。产物分离过程中,使用了抽滤法与甲苯-水共沸蒸馏法两种方法。与抽滤法相比,用共沸蒸馏法处理反应后的产物能得到高产率的掺杂态聚苯胺。使用傅立叶红外吸收光谱(FTIR)和紫外-可见光吸收光谱(UV-vis)研究了两种掺杂态聚苯胺的化学构造变化。使用四端子法测定了掺杂态聚苯胺的导电性能,其导电率能达到10-3S/cm数量级。     

苯胺-邻甲苯胺共聚物的合成及其性能研究

以苯胺、邻甲苯胺为单体,过硫酸铵为氧化剂,蒸馏水为溶剂,碘为掺杂剂制备了聚苯胺、聚邻甲苯胺以及它们的共聚物,通过FT-IR、UV-Vis、TG、XRD、SEM等测试手段对单聚物和共聚物进行了结构形态表征与性能分析.碘掺杂后的单聚物和共聚物的导电率有明显的改善,其中碘掺杂聚邻甲苯胺的导电率为1.14×10-3/cm,碘掺...     

导电高分子的应用

介绍了导电高分子的分类，并从导电高分子的氧化还原性、电化学性、掺杂-脱掺杂性等方面讨论了导电高分子在多种领域的应用。     

浅色导电颜料的制备

制备了一种在ＺｎＯ表面包覆一层经掺杂Ｓｂ的ＳｎＯ２浅色导电颜料。讨论了ＳｎＯ２的包覆量和Ｓｂ的掺杂量对该颜料体积电阻的影响,该颜料色呈灰白色,具有较好的导除静电能力。     

聚苯胺掺杂的研究与进展

从掺杂方法着手综述了聚苯胺(PAn)导电材料的特征及导电原理,重点介绍了物理掺杂(离子注入)和质子酸掺杂的特点,及掺杂对PAn结构及导电性能的影响,并简介了这两种掺杂方法所得PAn导电材料的优点和应用.     

基于乙醇胺-离子液体凝胶水热合成掺氮碳点及其在Cr(Ⅵ)检测中的应用

本文以乙醇胺和1-羧乙基-3-甲基咪唑氯盐为原料,通过一步水热法制备了具有蓝色荧光的氮元素掺杂碳点(NCDs)。通过XRD、荧光光谱、FT-IR、XPS、TEM等技术手段,对NCDs的表观形貌、光学性能及其结构组成进行表征,结果表明合成的NCDs平均粒径为4.8 nm,量子产率为24.7%,同时NCDs表面含有-COOH,-OH和-NH_2等官能团,因此与水溶液具有较好的相容性。基于Cr~(6+)对NCDs荧光的内滤效应,建立了一种选择性检测Cr~(6+)的荧光探针,NCDs的荧光猝灭效率与Cr~(6+)浓度在0～100μM范围内具有明显的线性关系,且检测限为0.063μM/L。另外,按照标准加入法将NCDs荧光探针用于检测自来水样中Cr~(6+),回收率为101.5%～105.0%。     

Synthesis,characterization, optical and electrical properties of thermally stable polyazomethines derived from 4,4′-oxydianiline

Three soluble, thermally stable azomethine polymers were synthesized by the oxidative polycondensation of azomethine bisphenols using NaOCl as an oxidant in aqueous alkaline medium. The azomethine bisphenol monomers, 4,4′-oxybis[N-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzilidine)aniline], 4,4′-oxybis[N-(2-hydroxy-5-bromobenzilidine)aniline] and 4,4′-oxybis[N-(2-hydroxynaphthalidine) aniline] were synthesized by the condensation of 4,4′-oxydianiline with three aromatic aldehydes. The structures of the monomers and polymers were confirmed by Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy, UV–visible, ¹H-NMR and ¹³C-NMR spectroscopic techniques. Morphology of the synthesized polymers was characterized using scanning electron microscope. The thermal stability of the polymers is evidenced by high carbines residue obtained in TGA. Fluorescence spectra showed that the emission maxima centred in the region 420–460 nm for all the compounds with large stokes shift values (?λ_ST). Electrical conductivity of iodine-doped polymers was measured by four-point probe technique. The synthesized polymers have shown good electrical conductivity on iodine doping, and it increases with the increase in iodine vapour contact time. The self-extinguishing property of the synthesized polymers was studied by the calculation of the limiting oxygen index values with van Krevelen’s equation.     

Synthesis and characterization of N‐ and O‐alkylated poly[aniline‐co‐N‐(2‐hydroxyethyl) aniline]

Poly[aniline‐co‐N‐(2‐hydroxyethyl) aniline] was synthesized in an aqueous hydrochloric acid medium with a determined feed ratio by chemical oxidative polymerization. This polymer was used as a functional conducting polymer intermediate because of its side‐group reactivity. To synthesize the alkyl‐substituted copolymer, the initial copolymer was reacted with NaH to obtain the N‐ and O‐anionic copolymer after the reaction with octadecyl bromide to prepare the octadecyl‐substituted polymer. The microstructure of the obtained polymers was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ¹H‐NMR, and X‐ray diffraction. The thermal behavior of the polymers was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. The morphology of obtained copolymers was studied by scanning electron microscopy. The cyclic voltammetry investigation showed the electroactivity of poly [aniline‐co‐N‐(2‐hydroxyethyl) aniline] and N and O‐alkylated poly[aniline‐co‐N‐(2‐hydroxyethyl) aniline]. The conductivities of the polymers were 5 × 10^?5 S/cm for poly[aniline‐co‐N‐(2‐hydroxyethyl) aniline] and 5 ×10^?7 S/cm for the octadecyl‐substituted copolymer. The conductivity measurements were performed with a four‐point probe method. The solubility of the initial copolymer in common organic solvents such as N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone and dimethylformamide was greater than polyaniline. The alkylated copolymer was mainly soluble in nonpolar solvents such as n‐hexane and cyclohexane. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

Influence of reaction conditions on the formation of nanotubes/nanoparticles of polyaniline in the presence of 1‐amino‐2‐naphthol‐4‐sulfonic acid and applications as electrostatic charge dissipation material

BACKGROUND: Poly(1‐amino‐2‐naphthol‐4‐sulfonic acid) and its copolymers with aniline are a new class of conducting polymers which can acquire intrinsic protonic doping ability, leading to the formation of highly soluble self‐doped homopolymers and copolymers. Free ? OH and ? NH₂ groups in the polymer chain can combine with other functional groups that could be present in protective paints which can thus be successfully used as antistatic materials. RESULTS: This paper reports the formation of nanotubes of polyaniline on carrying out oxidative polymerization of aniline in the presence of 1‐amino‐2‐naphthol‐4‐sulfonic acid (ANSA) in p‐toluenesulfonic acid (PTSA) as an external dopant. The presence of ? SO₃H groups in the ANSA comonomer allows the copolymer to acquire intrinsic protonic doping ability. The polymerization mechanism was investigated by analysing the ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, Fourier transform infrared and X‐ray photoelectron spectra of the copolymers and homopolymers, which revealed the involvement of ? OH/? NH₂ in the reaction mechanism. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy showed how the reaction route and the presence of a dopant can affect the morphology and size of the polymers. Static decay time measurements were also carried out on conducting copolymer films prepared by blending of 1 wt% of copolymers of ANSA and aniline with low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) which showed a static decay time of 0.1 to 0.31 s on dissipating a charge from 5000 to 500 V. CONCLUSION: Copolymers of ANSA with aniline were synthesized in different reaction media, leading to the formation of nanotubes and nanoparticles of copolymer. Blends of 1 wt% of PTSA‐ and self‐doped copolymers of ANSA and aniline with LDPE can be formulated into films with effective antistatic properties. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry     

Synthesis,characterization, and electrical conductivity of polyaniline derivatives: Study with the metal ions Cu(II), Ni(II), and Co(II)

Poly(2-aminophenol), poly(3-aminophenol), poly(2-aminobenzyl alcohol), and poly(3-aminobenzyl alcohol) were synthesized by using ammonium persulphate as oxidizing reagent in HCl and HCl/CH₃CN mediums in the presence and absence of Cu(II), Ni(II), and Co(II) ions. The polymers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet-vis spectroscopy, thermal analysis, and electrical conductivity measurements. The substituent in 2- and 3-positions decreases the yield regarding aniline. Poly(2-,3-aminobenzyl alcohol) are obtained in an intermediate redox state and polymerized as aniline. On the contrary, poly(aminophenols) are obtained as overoxidated structures. The presence of metal ion produces an important increase of the polymerization yield. The metal cations would act as oxidizing agents. The incorporation of these metal ions depends on the reaction medium. The metal ion increases the thermal stability. Poly(2-aminobenzyl alcohol)-copper ions also increases the electrical conductivity. The electrical conductivity is higher by acid doping than by the incorporation of metal ions. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 82: 330–337, 2001     

聚苯胺/涤纶导电纤维的制备及其织物抗静电性能研究

采用现场吸附聚合法制取聚苯胺/涤纶导电纤维,研究了反应条件对纤维导电性能的影响。将导电纤维嵌织入普通涤纶织物中,讨论了该织物的抗静电及电磁屏蔽性能。采用此法制得的导电纤维具有较高的聚苯胺含量和优良的电导率,其与普通纤维的嵌交织物具有较好的抗静电性和电磁屏蔽性能。     

Synthesis and characterization of novel polyphenol species derived from bis(4‐aminophenyl)ether: Substituent effects on thermal behavior,electrical conductivity,solubility, and optical band gap

In this study, four different Schiff bases namely 4,4′‐oxybis[N‐(2‐hydroxybenzilidene)aniline] (2‐HBA), 4,4′‐oxybis[N‐(4‐hydroxybenzilidene)aniline] (4‐HBA), 4,4′‐oxybis[N‐(3,4‐dihydroxybenzilidene)aniline] (3,4‐HBA), and 4,4′‐oxybis[N‐(4‐hydroxy‐3‐methoxybenzilidene)aniline] (HMBA) were synthesized. These Schiff bases were converted to their polymers that have generate names of poly‐4,4′‐oxybis[N‐(2‐hydroxybenzilidene)aniline] (P‐2‐HBA), poly‐4,4′‐oxybis[N‐(4‐hydroxybenzilidene)aniline] (P‐4‐HBA), poly‐4,4′‐oxybis[N‐(3,4‐dihydroxybenzilidene)aniline] (P‐3,4‐HBA), and poly‐4,4′‐oxybis[N‐(4‐hydroxy‐3‐methoxybenzilidene)aniline] (PHMBA) via oxidative polycondensation reaction by using NaOCl as the oxidant. Four different metal complexes were also synthesized from 2‐HBA and P‐2‐HBA. The structures of the compounds were confirmed by FTIR, UV‐vis, ¹H and ¹³C NMR analyses. According to ¹H NMR spectra, the polymerization of the 2‐HBA and 4‐HBA largely maintained with C? O? C coupling, whereas the polymerization of the 3,4‐HBA and HMBA largely maintained with C? C coupling. The characterization was made by TG‐DTA, size exclusion chromatography and solubility tests. Also, electrical conductivity of the polymers and the metal complex compounds were measured, showing that the synthesized polymers are semiconductors and their conductivities can be increased highly via doping with iodine ions (except PHMBA). According to UV–vis measurements, the optical band gaps (E_g) were found to be 3.15, 2.06, 3.23, 3.02, 2.61, 2.47, 2.64, 2.42, 2.83, 2.77, 2.78, and 2.78 for 2‐HBA, P‐2‐HBA, 4‐HBA, P‐4‐HBA, 3,4‐HBA, P‐3,4‐HBA, HMBA, PHMBA, 2‐HBA‐Cu, 2‐HBA‐Co, P‐2‐HBA‐Cu, and P‐2‐HBA‐Co, respectively. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

2-(2-羟基苯乙烯基)-8-羟基喹啉及其金属配合物的合成与光致发光特性

报道了一种2-(2-羟基苯乙烯基)-8-羟基喹啉配体(Ⅰ)及其相应金属配合物的合成,产物经IR,UV,1HNMR,元素分析等进行表征;测定了配合物Al(Ⅰ)2,Zn(Ⅰ)2的荧光性质,Al(Ⅰ)2,Zn(Ⅰ)2在光致发光谱中λmax分别为573.0,547.0 nm。     

Using poly[2-methoxy-5-(2′-ethyl-hexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene] as shell to fabricate the highly fluorescent nanofibers by coaxial electrospinning

Poly[2-methoxy-5-(2′-ethyl-hexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene] (MEH-PPV) is an excellent conjugated polymer and broadly used in the polymer photoelectron devices, but difficult to be electronspun directly. In the present study, the core-shell structured nanofibers were fabricated by coaxial electrospinning MEH-PPV (shell) in chlorobenzene and PVP (core) in 1,2-dichloroethane. MEH-PPV was soluble in the above two solvents, which prevented the precipitation of MEH-PPV and enhanced the adhering action between the two polymers in coaxial electrospinning process. We anticipate that these uniform core/shell PVP/MEH-PPV nanofibers with highly fluorescent property will have potential applications in the fabrication of polymer nano-photoelectron devices.     

In situ FTIR spectroelectrochemistry of poly[2-(3-thienyl)ethyl acetate] and its hydrolyzed derivatives

Poly[2-(3-thienyl)ethyl acetate] (PTEtAc) was chemically synthesized and transformed to partially hydrolyzed PTEtAc (PTEtAcOH) and poly[2-(3-thienyl)ethanol] (PTEtOH). The influence of the acetoxy and hydroxyl terminal functionalities in the side groups on the electrochemical properties of these polyalkylthiophenes was studied by cyclic voltammetry and in situ FTIR spectroelectrochemistry. The cyclic voltammograms point to a chemically reversible behaviour of the p-doping process for PTEtAc and PTEtAcOH, while for PTEtOH the redox activity of the polymer film is lost during consecutive potential scans.The attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) was used to investigate the p-doping of the three different type of thiophene polymer films. In situ FTIR spectra taken at different electrode potentials in a cyclovoltammetric scan display the doping induced changes of the polymer pattern. Important differences in the behaviour of the polymers were observed and interpreted in terms of different film structures.     

Nitriles in heterocyclic synthesis. Part II: Synthesis and application of pyrano[3,2-h]quinoline sulphonamide derivatives

5-Sulphonamido-8-quinolinol reacts with cinnamonitrile derivatives in the presence of a basic catalyst to give pyrano[3,2-h]quinoline sulphonamide derivatives ( 8_a-d-13_a-d ). The reaction of 8_b, 9_b with some reagents such as acetic anhydride, acetic anhydride/pyridine mixture, formamide and formic acid/formamide mixture gave the fused heterotetracyclic systems pyrimido-[4′, 5′: 6, 5]pyrano[3, 2-h] quinoline sulphonamide derivatives. The structures of all newly synthesized compounds were confirmed by elemental analyses and spectral data. These compounds showed antimicrobial activity against some selected bacteria in vitro.