天然气制乙炔装置炭黑循环冷却水工艺研究

介绍了天然气制乙炔装置现场循环冷却水系统工艺流程,分析了该工艺存在的环保、运行等问题,提出了技术改造的方向。通过流程改造和优化,提高了天然气制乙炔装置的环境友好性,延长装置的运行时间。     

天然气制乙炔装置炭黑循环冷却水工艺研究

介绍了天然气制乙炔装置现场循环冷却水系统工艺流程,分析了该工艺存在的环保、运行等问题,提出了技术改造的方向。通过流程改造和优化,提高了天然气制乙炔装置的环境友好性,延长装置的运行时间。     

卧螺离心机用于盐泥过滤的工艺改造设计

为了解决生产问题、提高工作效率,同时也为了节约生产成本,降低经营风险,现对压滤系统进行工艺流程的优化改造。在原有工艺流程的基础上增大流程范围,增设了两台卧螺离心机、两台套助剂装置、两台助剂输送泵,形成一套更为全面的新的工艺流程,使盐泥进行更有效的固液分离,为生产超细碳酸钙提供合格的原料。     

MTBE装置甲醇回收系统合并探讨

分析了公司两套MTBE装置甲醇回收系统存在的问题,通过将两套MTBE装置的甲醇回收系统合并,并对其流程进行改造优化,使甲醇回收系统工艺更稳定、易操作,保证了MTBE生产的连续性,同时减少了设备的腐蚀和故障,并取得了可观的经济效益。     

煤气化空分制氧装置分子筛纯化系统顺控逻辑报警优化

介绍了神华煤化工有限公司鄂尔多斯煤制油分公司煤气化生产中心空分装置2套50 000 m3/h制氧流程空分纯化系统结构和工艺流程,分子筛纯化系统阀门自动开关控制逻辑、顺控自动/手动运行,以及顺控程序执行过程。根据现场生产运行实际情况,对分子筛吸附器顺控组态程序进行了优化改进。优化后的分子筛顺控逻辑报警简洁、实用,提高了工艺操作人员监盘效率和质量。     

气体分馏装置的模拟与优化

采用ASPENPLUS模拟软件对一套生产能力40万吨／年的气体分馏装置建立模拟流程,对其工艺流程进行了模拟计算,分析各工艺参数对产品质量的影响,并针对其存在的问题进行工艺参数优化,在保证产品质量达标的前提下,降低能耗,提高产品收率,提高经济效益。     

内蒙古汇能煤化工LNG液化装置运行总结

介绍内蒙古汇能煤化工有限公司一期4亿m3/a煤制天然气液化装置的生产工艺流程、主要设备及设计特点,对装置原始开车情况和生产运行情况进行了分析和总结,通过统计和对比消耗情况,总结认为该套装置吨LNG产品生产消耗低,能源利用率高、工艺先进、稳定节能。     

鄂尔多斯煤制油分公司50000m~3/h空分装置产能匹配工艺优化

简介中国神华煤制油化工有限公司鄂尔多斯煤制油分公司煤气化生产中心2套50000Nm~3/h空分装置工艺流程,空分的物料平衡、装置运行中产能匹配存在的问题,以及根据现场生产运行实际情况,对产能匹配问题进行的工艺优化改进。     

两套氯氢处理装置合并运行的生产实践

介绍氯氢处理工艺流程,提出两套氯氢处理装置合并运行的方法。通过实际运行数据论证两套氯氢处理装置合并运行的可行性。氯氢系统合并运行的优点是:电流和生产负荷平衡,方便烧碱各装置检查,优化开车流程,缩短开车时间。劣势是:系统隔离难度增大,制约性增加;连锁条件增多,连锁触发影响两条线。陕西北元化工集团有限公司两套氯氢处理装置已合并运行3年,提高了电解及氯化氢合成的稳定性,保证了两条线系统流量平衡和下游工段持续稳定运行。     

天然气处理工艺流程改造及优化研究

为提高轻烃回收率,实现节能降耗和经济效益最大化的目标,利用HYSYS工艺流程模拟软件,建立天然气处理工艺模型,对天然气处理工艺流程进行了改造可行性研究和优化分析。研究表明:利用HYSYS软件进行模拟优化研究具有一定的准确性和可靠性;通过工艺流程的改造,丙烷收率提高了25.07%,C3+收率亦有所增加,改造方案是可行的;通过建立数学优化模型,对主要工艺参数进行了优化,膨胀机压缩端出口温度由原来66.99℃下调为64℃,此时C3回收率增大且Opt取得最小值,取得了最大化经济效益。另外,此研究对国内旧天然气处理厂的改造优化具有一定的指导意义。     

Syngas Production Process Development and Economic Evaluation for Gas‐to‐Liquid Applications

The range of syngas composition produced by autothermal reforming of natural gas makes it suitable and in compliance with the gas‐to‐liquid technology for subsequent conversion to synthetic crude oil. A modified and improvised design for this reforming technique is proposed in which oxygen consumption is reduced as compared to the conventional process. Simulative optimization helps in optimal designing of the new process subject to a set of constraints applied to both the processes for uniform and homogeneous comparison. Aspen HYSYS is used for simulation and optimization of the process and the economics are evaluated by an Aspen Process Economic Analyzer.     

Nonlinear Optimization Strategies for Process Separations and Process Intensification

Advanced nonlinear programming (NLP) strategies based on equation-oriented (EO) process models are leading to significant improvements in computer-aided process engineering. The EO paradigm allows the development of large, integrated optimization platforms that expand the scope of continuous optimization tasks in process engineering. In particular, these platforms deploy significantly faster NLP strategies than in commercial simulation tools. Moreover, they exploit exact derivatives and system structure in order to consider much larger and more challenging systems. Finally, they allow the incorporation of much more general models, such as multi-level optimization and complementarity constraints. For process optimization this allows the treatment of extended models for complex phase equilibrium and process separations. These advances facilitate the optimization of novel integrated systems that arise in process intensification. Several separation case studies are presented that illustrate these optimization concepts and demonstrate their effectiveness for hybrid membrane/distillation separations and reactive distillation systems that typify novel systems in process intensification.     

Online performance tracking and load sharing optimization for parallel operation of gas compressors

Compressor stations on natural gas pipelines are typically composed of multiple parallel compressors for operational flexibility. The aim of load sharing optimization is to operate the compressor units of a gas compression station in an energy efficient way while satisfying the varying gas demand. This paper presents a problem formulation for compressor load sharing optimization, as well as a novel method to track the performance characteristics of gas compressors using thermodynamic models and historical operating data. An implementation of the proposed algorithm together with a dedicated case study concerning a station with 10 gas turbine driven compressor units are presented. The optimization results, which are based on simulations with actual operating data spanning over a 1 year duration, indicate an annual fuel saving potential of over 5% potentially leading to improved profitability and to a significant reduction of CO₂ emissions from the gas turbine drivers.     

Optimal biorefinery product allocation by combining process and economic modeling

The integrated biorefinery has the opportunity to provide a strong, self-dependent, sustainable alternative for the production of bulk and fine chemicals, e.g. polymers, fiber composites and pharmaceuticals as well as energy, liquid fuels and hydrogen. Although most of the fundamental processing steps involved in biorefining are well-known, there is a need for a methodology capable of evaluating the integrated processes in order to identify the optimal set of products and the best route for producing them. The complexity of the product allocation problem for such processing facilities demands a process systems engineering approach utilizing process integration and mathematical optimization techniques to ensure a targeted approach and serve as an interface between simulation work and experimental efforts. The objective of this work is to assist the bioprocessing industries in evaluating the profitability of different possible production routes and product portfolios while maximizing stakeholder value through global optimization of the supply chain. To meet these ends, a mathematical optimization based framework is being developed, which enables the inclusion of profitability measures and other techno-economic metrics along with process insights obtained from experimental as well as modeling and simulation studies.     

Energy efficiency analysis of natural gas hydrates production method

The decomposition of natural gas hydrates is a phase change process, which involves the consumption and conversion of various forms of energy, such as electrical energy, chemical energy, and thermal energy. In order to evaluate the economy capacity of natural gas hydrates exploitation, an exergy model was established to calculate the energy efficiency ratio (EER) of hydrate production method. The CO₂ replacement method is taken as a case study to introduce the calculation equation and flow chart of energy efficiency ratio in any production period. The amount of CO₂ injection, gas production and mole fraction of methane in produced gas are three key parameters in the process of CO₂ replacement. The ratio between the amount of gas production and CO₂ injection is defined as production injection ratio to eliminate the influence of deposit size. This work studied the influence of production injection ratio and the mole fraction of methane in produced gas on EER. The results show that the EER of gas hydrates production by CO₂ replacement is between 0.31 and 6.4 under the set conditions, and it increases with the increase of production injection ratio. In addition, increasing the mole fraction of methane in produced gas can reduce the energy consumption for gas separation and increase EER. Therefore, there are two effective ways to increase EER of CO₂ replacement through controlling the amount of gas production and the mole fraction of methane in produced gas. The EER model is established to provide guidance for the optimization of gas hydrate mining process.     

天然气水合物置换开采的能源效率研究

天然气水合物分解是一个相变过程，开采时涉及各种形式能量的消耗和转化，如电能、化学能、热能等。为了科学地评价天然气水合物开采技术的经济性，建立了以有效能（）为核心的能源效率计算方程，并以CO₂置换法开采天然气水合物为例，介绍任意生产周期内能源效率的计算方法和流程框图。在CO₂置换开采天然气水合物的工艺过程中，注气量、产气量和产气中甲烷含量是三个关键参数，将产气量与注气量之比定义为采注比，分析采注比及产气中甲烷含量对能源效率的影响。结果表明：在设定条件下CO₂置换开采天然气水合物的整体能源效率介于0.31～6.4之间；增大采注比，有利于提高能源效率；产气中甲烷的摩尔分率越高，气体分离的能耗越低，能源效率也可显著提高。因此，调控产气量和产气中甲烷摩尔分率是提高CO₂置换法能源效率的主要途径。通过所建立的能效计算方程为天然气水合物开采工艺的优化提供指导。     

分步反应的气相催化氧化法生产蒽醌

介绍了分步反应的气相催化氧化法生产蒽醌的新工艺及主要设备，阐述了工艺的重要特点。     

24万t/a电石法氯乙烯精馏装置运行总结

介绍了宜宾天原股份有限公司自行设计的24万t／a电石法氯乙烯精馏装置的运行情况。该公司进行了多项技术创新优化，采用了高效导向筛板精馏塔、膜回收与变压吸附相结合的尾气回收装置和低沸塔的同塔板强制压差进料、高沸塔的强制外回流技术，使装置的工艺控制技术先进、生产能力大。装置运行后，精馏尾气中氯乙烯、乙炔的回收率达99．99％，经济效益和社会效益显著。     

A general modular framework for the integrated optimal management of an industrial gases supply-chain and its production systems

A general modular methodology for the simultaneous optimization of the supply-chain network and the production systems of a general industrial gas producer is developed and implemented in a C++ program. The formulation and solution algorithm are specifically designed to be able to work on-line and to determine the optimal assignments of production site output to customer demand in the supply-chain and the corresponding optimal operating conditions for the production plants in integrated fashion. Here, the production network is not simply modelled as a set of product sources, rather the model is detailed enough to allow effective and feasible optimization of the entire system. Moreover, the proposed approach can be easily combined with the rolling horizon technique to mitigate the uncertainties in demand. The modelling strategies, employed for the supply-chain network and the production sites, along with the solution approach, adopted for the resulting optimization problem, are detailed. BzzMath library classes are used to meet the computational efficiency requirements for on-line applications. The effectiveness of the proposed methodology is demonstrated on a case study involving a portion of the real supply-chain and network of production facilities of Linde Gas Italia S.r.l.