纳米医用生物陶瓷的制备研究进展

本文综述了牙科用氧化铝基生物陶瓷、羟基磷灰石生物涂层、多孔羟基磷灰石、羟基磷灰石/聚合物可降解生物复合材料、羟基磷灰石/ZrO2生物复合材料、β-Ca2P2O7生物材料等6种纳米医用生物陶瓷的制备研究进展,并对其制备研究进行了展望.     

碳粉为造孔剂的多孔生物陶瓷的制备及性能研究

选用牛骨煅烧的天然羟基磷灰石粉末作为基体,生物活性玻璃为增强相,碳粉为造孔剂,用模压成型法制备多孔羟基磷灰石生物陶瓷。利用XRD进行晶面分析,微孔结构分析仪对试样进行气孔率测试,依据国标对试样进行硬度和抗弯强度的分析,用S-3000N型扫描电镜表征多孔羟基磷灰石生物陶瓷的微观结构。结果表明,随着生物玻璃和碳粉质量百分比的增加,试样组织中的孔隙率的含量和总的孔表面积均随之增加;生物陶瓷的硬度随生物玻璃添加量的增多呈现一定的变化;硬度值较大的试样其抗弯强度都在80MPa,左右,与人体骨相接近;陶瓷微观组织中的孔隙数量和孔径尺寸均随着生物玻璃添加量的增多而增加。     

羟基磷灰石生物材料的研究现状、制备及发展前景

羟基磷灰石具有良好的生物相容性和生物活性，是较好的生物陶瓷材料。笔者论述了羟基磷灰石生物陶瓷材料的研究现状，同时对羟基磷灰石及其复合生物陶瓷材料的各种制备方法进行了概述，重点研究综合性能优越的羟基磷灰石生物陶瓷材料的制备及发展前景。     

多孔羟基磷灰石生物陶瓷的制备及研究进展

羟基磷灰石与人体硬组织的化学成分类似,其具有优异的生物相容性、生物活性和骨传导性等优点而备受人们的关注。多孔羟基磷灰石由于具有相互贯通的孔结构,用其制作的骨组织工程支架可以明显促进骨细胞的大范围黏附、增殖与分化,是一类很有前景的硬组织修复与替换材料。从造孔工艺的角度综述了多孔羟基磷灰石生物陶瓷的制备及研究进展,对各种制备方法进行综合评述,并简要介绍了本课题组最新的研究工作。     

多孔羟基磷灰石生物陶瓷的制备及应用

多孔羟基磷灰石生物陶瓷具有良好的生物相容性、生物活性、骨传导性、可降解及非免疫原性等优点,在骨修复和药物载体等方面极具应用潜力。然而,制备具有相互贯通且孔径可控的多孔羟基磷灰石陶瓷一直是其应用的热点和难点。文章从多孔羟基磷灰石的特性和制备工艺入手,分析了多孔羟基磷灰石制备方法的优缺点,重点评述了近年来为提高材料特性、拓宽应用领域而开发的新型制备工艺技术;并对多孔羟基磷灰石的应用进行了介绍;在此基础上,提出了今后值得关注的热点和研究的方向。     

羟基磷灰石生物陶瓷材料发展与应用

本文以羟基磷灰石生物陶瓷材料发展与应用为研究课题,结合羟基磷灰石生物陶瓷材料发展和应用现状,总结羟基磷灰石生物陶瓷材料应用缺陷,提出羟基磷灰石生物陶瓷材料未来发展路径,旨在为羟基磷灰石生物陶瓷材料更为广泛的应用提供理论依据。     

多孔羟基磷灰石的制备及其性能研究

以多孔支架材料的设计出发,采用化学共沉淀法制备了纳米羟基磷灰石粉末,并通过添加造孔剂工艺,于800℃烧结处理4 h后经过水洗处理除去造孔剂,再于1 250℃高温处理3 h,得到不同含量比的多孔羟基磷灰石生物陶瓷。通过一系列性能表征包括孔洞结构、物相组成、力学性能以及孔隙率测试等,研究多孔羟基磷灰石陶瓷性能。     

有机浆料发泡法制备多孔羟基磷灰石

本文以湿法合成的羟基磷灰石粉体为原料,采用树脂、异氰酸与水发泡工艺制备多孔生物陶瓷材料。采用浆料发泡法制得的生物陶瓷材料具有三维无序孔和二维直通孔复合结构,其总气孔率可达70%～85%;宏观孔径主要分布在0.3～0.6mm之间,微观孔径主要分布在1～3μm之间,抗压强度可达0.85MPa。通过控制烧结温度,可以调节生物陶瓷材料中羟基磷灰石(HAP)和β-磷酸三钙(β-TCP)的成分配比,从而使之满足多孔生物陶瓷材料生物相容性和生物降解性的要求。     

羟基磷灰石生物陶瓷涂层制备方法评述

根据医用生物陶瓷羟基为磷灰石及医用金属材料的生物，力学特性，本文认为在金属基体表面涂覆羟基磷灰石是综合金属材料及生物陶瓷材料各自优越性阳有希望的途径这一。评述了羟基磷灰石涂层的制备方法，论证了较为优化的涂层结构。     

羟基磷灰石生物陶瓷的研究状况及发展趋势

综合论述了羟基磷灰石生物陶瓷的研究状况、分类、特性以及主要合成方法。同时，综合探讨了羟基磷灰石生物陶瓷临床应用中存在的问题及目前解决问题的途径和未来的发展趋势。     

Hydroxyapatite-Wollastonite Bioceramics

The results of research and development of bioceramic materials based on calcium hydroxyapatite (HA) and natural mineral wollastonite are reported. The process of production of HA by several reactions is investigated. The optimum bioceramic compositions for medical purposes are determined.     

电泳沉积羟基磷灰石生物陶瓷涂层的研究进展

羟基磷灰石(hydroxyapatite，HAP)生物陶瓷涂层被认为是目前最好的用于替代人体硬组织的一种生物医用材料。电泳沉积是一种全新的涂层制备方法，它可以解决传统HAP生物陶瓷涂层制备工艺上的各种不足。文中综合介绍了国内外有关电泳沉积HAP生物陶瓷涂层的研究报道，概述了电泳沉积的工艺流程和工艺参数，并对各种影响因素全面地进行了详细的探讨，进而提出了相应的设想和展望。     

Comparative In Vitro Osteoinductivity Study of HA and α‐TCP/HA Bicalcium Phosphate

A bicalcium phosphate (BCP) bioceramic comprising α‐tricalcium phosphate (α‐TCP) and hydroxyapatite (HA) was prepared by a two‐step sintering. The microstructure of the BCP bioceramic was investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X‐ray diffraction. The in vitro osteoinductivity was evaluated by culturing MG63 osteoblast‐like cells on the BCP bioceramic. Results showed that the BCP bioceramic comprising α‐TCP and HA in a moderate ratio possessed a hardness of 93.7 Hv. The cells spread faster on the BCP bioceramic than those on the commercial HA. It suggested that the BCP bioceramic can enhance osteoinductivity in vivo.     

钛基羟基磷灰石涂层制备技术的研究进展

钛基HA涂层生物材料作为最有发展前途的生物硬组织替代材料之一,已成为生物医用材料研究的重要内容。本文在综合了大量的国内外文献的基础上,评述了这种涂层主要制备技术的原理、特点及应用。     

Sol-Gel Synthesis of Amorphous Calcium Phosphate and Sintering into Microporous Hydroxyapatite Bioceramics

A new route for preparing hydroxyapatite (Ca₁₀(PO₄)₆(OH)₂) bioceramic has been described. An amorphous, nanosized, and carbonate-containing calcium phosphate powder that had a Ca:P ratio of 1.67 was synthesized from calcium diethoxide and phosphoric acid in ethanol via a sol-gel method. The powder was pressed at 98 MPa into green specimens and then heated to a temperature range of 500°-1300°C. At 600°C, the powder crystallized to a carbonated hydroxyapatite and a trace of ß-tricalcium phosphate before converting to hydroxyapatite at 900°C. The thermal crystallization was associated with grain growth, shrinkage, and active surface diffusion. The activation energy of grain growth was 37 ± 2 kJ/mol. After sintering at 1100°C, the decomposition of carbonated hydroxyapatite generated a microporous ceramic with an average pore size of 0.2 µm and an open porosity of 15.5%. This microporous bioceramic can be used as a bone filler.     

HA生物活性陶瓷涂层制备方法研究进展

阐述了国内外学者对金属基羟基磷灰石生物活性涂层的研究状况,论述了羟基磷灰石涂层的制备方法,认为该材料是最具有发展前景的生物硬组织替代材料之一。     

In-situ grown hydroxyapatite whiskers reinforced porous HA bioceramic

To improve the mechanical properties of a porous bioceramic without reducing its porosity, a new kind of porous hydroxyapatite (HA) bioceramic with in-situ grown HA whiskers was fabricated using a simple sintering method. CaSO₄·2H₂O was used as a pore-forming medium and also as a catalyst for the growth of in-situ HA whiskers. The bioceramic was analyzed by XRD, SEM and mechanical tests. In-situ grown HA whiskers were stratified on the cliffs of pores in the bioceramic. The compressive strength is as high as 21.7 MPa with the porosity of about 26%. The results show that porous HA bioceramic can be improved in both compressive strength and porosity by the addition of CaSO₄·2H₂O. This novel HA bioceramic has a higher compressive strength without reducing its porosity in a certain weight ratio of CaSO₄·2H₂O, which depends on its two-step fracture pattern. This novel structure provides a new and promising reinforced pattern for porous materials.