PLA/PHBV共混改性研究

采用熔融共混法制备了聚乳酸/聚(3-羟基丁酸-co-3-羟基戊酸酯)(PLA/PHBV)共混物,研究了PLA/PHBV质量比以及滑石粉(Talc)含量对PLA/PHBV共混物性能的影响。结果表明,随着PHBV含量的增加,PLA/PHBV的结晶度先降低后升高,断裂伸长率提高了21.81%,冲击强度提高了35.9%,拉伸强度下降;随着Talc含量的增加,PLA/PHBV/Talc的结晶度增大,冲击强度提高了12.4%,但是断裂伸长率和拉伸强度有所下降;在不显著降低拉伸强度和弯曲强度的前提下,PHBV的含量为20%(质量分数,下同)且Talc含量为1.5%时,复合材料的力学性能最优。     

聚乳酸/无机填料复合材料结构与性能的研究

采用密炼器熔融共混法,将聚乳酸(PLA)分别与碳酸钙(CaCO3)、蒙脱土(MMT)及滑石粉(Talc)共混制备成生物降解复合材料,研究了PLA/无机填料共混物的力学性能、断面微观结构及结晶性能。结果表明:CaCO3、MMT和Talc均降低了PLA的断裂伸长率;Talc和CaCO3对PLA的拉伸强度影响不大,MMT明显降低了PLA的拉伸强度;Talc和CaCO3相对MMT在PLA基体中的分散较均匀;CaCO3和MMT改善PLA结晶性能的效果不明显,而Talc大大提高了PLA的结晶性能使,PLA的结晶温度下降约20℃结,晶度提高近3%。     

聚乳酸共混增韧和耐热性能的研究

将乙烯/甲基丙烯酸丁酯/甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯三元共聚物(GEBMA)和滑石粉(Talc)按不同比例加入聚乳酸(PLA)基体中,熔融共混制备PLA/GEBMA/Talc共混物。将GEBMA的质量分数固定为10%,探讨了不同含量的Talc对PLA/GEBMA/Talc共混物的力学性能、流变性能、热性能、相形态以及耐热性能的影响。结果表明:GEBMA的加入提高了PLA的韧性,冲击强度从纯PLA的4.3 kJ/m~2提高到PLA/GEBMA(90/10)的21.6 kJ/m~2。随着Talc含量的增加,PLA/GEBMA/Talc共混物的拉伸强度和冲击强度降低,弹性模量增加,PLA/GEBMA/Talc材料具有良好的力学性能。Talc起到了异相成核作用,可以提高结晶速率,减小PLA的晶体尺寸,改善了共混物的耐热性能。PLA/GEBMA/Talc材料可广泛用于可生物降解的注塑产品。     

聚丙烯/滑石粉复合材料的制备及其力学性能北大核心

用经偶联剂改性的滑石粉(Talc)与聚丙烯(PP)共混制备PP/Talc复合材料,测试了复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和冲击强度等,并探讨了Talc含量对复合材料力学性能的影响机理。结果表明:Talc含量对复合材料力学性能有明显影响,复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和冲击强度均随Talc含量的增加而增大,但均会出现拐点,即当Talc含量分别超过18%,20%,8%时,复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和冲击强度却随Talc含量的增加而逐步降低。     

废胶粉、滑石粉改性PA66/GF复合材料的制备与性能

采用硅烷偶联剂KH560表面改性废胶粉(WRP)、环氧树脂E44改性滑石粉(Talc),以尼龙(PA)66/玻璃纤维(GF)复合材料为基体,制备了WRP,Talc及两者协同改性的PA66/GF复合材料,研究了WRP,Talc及两者协同作用对复合材料力学性能、结晶性能和热稳定性能的影响。结果表明,当3份WRP经过1份KH560处理后,其与PA66/GF基体间的界面粘结性明显得到改善,其改性的复合材料弯曲强度和冲击强度最高,分别比PA66/GF基体提高了11.09%和2.05%。当1份Talc经过3份E44处理后,其在基体中具有良好的分散性,改性的复合材料弯曲强度和冲击强度达到最大,分别比基体材料提高了13.89%和8.42%。WRP与Talc均能促进复合材料的结晶,但两者协同作用对复合材料结晶性能没有明显的影响。采用1份KH560处理的3份WRP协同3份E44处理的1份Talc对复合材料进行改性,可使弯曲强度和冲击强度相比基体分别提高16.97%和6.25%,且使复合材料具有良好的热稳定性能,达到了低成本WRP和Talc改性制备高性能橡塑复合材料的目的。     

聚丙烯/滑石粉复合材料的制备及其力学性能

用经偶联剂改性的滑石粉(Talc)与聚丙烯(PP)共混制备PP/Talc复合材料,测试了复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和冲击强度等,并探讨了Talc含量对复合材料力学性能的影响机理。结果表明:Talc含量对复合材料力学性能有明显影响,复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和冲击强度均随Talc含量的增加而增大,但均会出现拐点,即当Talc含量分别超过18%,20%,8%时,复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和冲击强度却随Talc含量的增加而逐步降低。     

扩链剂对PBAT/Talc复合材料性能影响研究

通过熔融共混制备可生物降解的聚对苯二甲酸己二酸丁二醇酯/滑石粉(PBAT/Talc)复合材料,探究滑石粉及扩链剂含量对PBAT/Talc复合材料力学性能、结晶性能、流变性能及微观形貌的影响。结果表明:随着滑石粉及扩链剂含量的增加,复合材料的屈服应力及拉伸模量逐渐增大,但断裂伸长率逐渐下降;当滑石粉及扩链剂含量分别为30%和0.6%时,PBAT/Talc复合材的拉伸强度最高为18.1 MPa,断裂伸长率为257%;随着扩链剂含量的增加,PBAT/Talc复合材料的熔点、结晶度及结晶温度逐渐降低,PBAT/Talc复合材料熔体的拉伸黏度逐渐增大;当扩链剂加入量为0.6%时,滑石粉在PBAT中的分散性最好,未观察到滑石粉团聚现象。     

无机成核剂改性聚酰胺6/碳纤维复合材料的结构与性能

以钛酸钾晶须（PTW）、高岭土（Kaolin）和滑石粉（Talc）为成核剂，制备了无机成核剂改性聚酰胺6/碳纤维（PA6/CF/NA）三元复合材料。通过分析复合材料的力学性能、动态热力学性能、微观形貌、结晶行为、晶体结构、热性能等对其结构和性能进行了系统的研究。结果表明，加入Talc可以大幅提高PA6/CF复合材料的冲击性能，添加2%（质量分数，下同）的Talc时，复合材料的冲击强度提高了44.5%；Talc在挤出过程中能够充分解离成片层并均匀地分散在PA6基体中，PA6/CF/Talc复合材料中存在大量纤维拔出后形成的孔洞，片层与基体黏结较好；与PTW和Kaolin相比，Talc突出的异相成核作用可以显著提高PA6/CF复合材料的结晶温度，并促进PA6形成更为完善的晶体结构。     

滑石粉-玻纤协同增强尼龙复合材料

采用熔融共混法制备了玻纤(GF)/尼龙6(PA6)复合材料,考察了GF含量对GF/PA6复合材料力学性能的影响。实验结果表明,在玻纤含量较低时,拉伸强度、弯曲强度和冲击强度伴随着玻纤含量的增加而提高。当GF质量分数为30%时,复合材料的力学性能和熔体流动速率处于最佳平衡状态。在GF增强的基础上,采用滑石粉(Talc)与GF复合增强体系,制备了系列增强尼龙复合材料。考察了Talc含量对PA6/Talc/GF复合材料力学性能的影响,Talc含量为5%时,复合材料的力学性能最好,片层状Talc与纤维状GF发挥了良好的协同作用。     

PP/Talc/MA-SEBS复合材料的力学性能研究

选用MA-SEBS为增容剂,制备了PP/滑石粉(Talc)/MA-SEBS复合材料,研究了Talc和MA-SEBS的含量对复合材料力学性能的影响.结果表明,单纯加入一定量Talc可以明显提高PP冲击强度,再加入MA-SEBs后,复合材料的冲击强度进一步增加.MA-SEBS除了作为相容剂.也充当增韧剂.刚性粒子Talc使...     

Hydrolysis and thermal degradation of poly(L‐lactide) in the presence of talc and modified talc

Talc and talc modified with trimethoxy(octadecyl)silane (O‐talc) were melt compounded with poly (L ‐lactide) (PLA). The crystallization behavior, tensile properties, and impact strength of the PLA composites were examined before and after the incorporation of talc and O‐talc. The molecular weight of PLA in the PLA composites was measured as a function of the hydrolysis time and temperature. The effect of talc and O‐talc on the thermal stability of PLA was examined and quantified by the activation energy of thermal degradation and the integral procedural decomposition temperature value determined from the corresponding thermo‐gravimetric analysis weight loss profiles. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

超细滑石粉/聚乳酸复合材料的制备与表征

以偶联剂γ-(2,3-环氧丙氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH-560)处理后的超细滑石粉为增强相,聚乳酸(PLA)为基体,制备了超细滑石粉/PLA复合材料。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、电子扫描显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、光学解偏振法、温度-形变曲线及热失重(TG)对复合材料进行了表征。结果表明,KH-560成功地包覆在滑石粉表面,滑石粉表面与PLA基体发生了化学键合,处理后的滑石粉粒子与PLA基体之间形成了良好的界面。适量的滑石粉能够提高PLA基体的结晶速率和结晶度,当滑石粉添加量增大到一定程度,PLA基体的晶格参数和晶体结构会发生变化。当滑石粉分散良好时,复合材料的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)和热稳定性显著提高。     

A New Biodegradable Flexible Composite Sheet from Poly(lactic acid)/Poly(ε‐caprolactone) Blends and Micro‐Talc

The influence of talc loading on phase morphology of PLA/PCL/talc composites and improvement in resulting properties are reported. Talc‐based composites of PLA/PCL blends were prepared by melt blending. SEM analysis demonstrates that PLA appears as discrete domain phase, while PCL acts as a bulk phase in the blend. Talc addition decreases PLA domain sizes and voids in the matrix. This results in significant improvement of oxygen and water vapor barrier properties of composite by 33 and 25%, respectively, at 3 wt.‐% talc loading. DSC shows that talc acted as nucleating agent for PCL phase in the composite and improves its crystallinity. Various theoretical models based on dispersion and filler geometry are used to predict the tensile modulus and oxygen permeability.

     

Influence of heat treatment on the heat distortion temperature of poly(lactic acid)/bamboo fiber/talc hybrid biocomposites

Influence of heat treatment and fillers on the heat distortion temperature (HDT) of poly(lactic acid) hybrid biocomposites was intensively studied through HDT testing, polarizing microscope (POM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). With loading 20 wt % BF or 20 wt % talc, improvement of HDT in PLA composite was about 10°C comparing with neat PLA after heat treatment. Moreover, there was a great improvement (above 45°C) of HDT in PLA composites with loading 20 wt % BF and 20 wt % talc simultaneously after heat treatment. Transcrystallization was observed during heat treatment and isothermal crystallization of PLA composites with loading BF and talc simultaneously. There was no similar phenomenon in other PLA composite with loading only one filler. The possible mechanism of forming transcrystallization was proposed. DSC and DMA were also used to clarify the variation in HDT before and after heat treatment, and the results suggest that the crystallinity, modulus and glass transition changed, especially formation of transcrystallization played a key role in improvement of HDT in PLA composites. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

Mechanical,barrier, and thermal properties of poly(lactic acid)/poly(trimethylene carbonate)/talc composite films

Poly(l ‐lactic acid) (PLA) is now a very attractive polymer for food packaging applications. In this study, PLA/poly(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC)/talc composite films were prepared by solvent casting. The influence of the talc loading (0, 1, 2, and 3 wt %) on the phase morphology of the PLA/PTMC/talc composites and the improvement in the resulting properties are reported in this article. The scanning electron microscopy images of the composite films demonstrated good compatibility between the PLA and PTMC, whereas talc was not thoroughly distributed in the PLA matrix at talc contents exceeding 3 wt %. The tensile strength and elongation at break of the composite films significantly improved (p < 0.05). On the contrary, the water vapor permeability and oxygen properties of the composite films decreased by 24.7 and 39.2%, respectively, at the 2 wt % talc loading. Differential scanning calorimetry showed that the crystallinity of the PLA phase increased with the presence of talc filler in the PLA/PTMC/talc composites. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2014 , 131, 40016.     

PLA/PCL/滑石粉复合材料的制备与性能

在聚乳酸(PLA)中添加不同含量的聚己内酯(PCL)和滑石粉,同时添加增容剂柠檬酸三丁酯(TBC),通过熔融共混制备一系列PLA/PCL/滑石粉复合材料。主要研究了PCL、滑石粉以及TBC对PLA力学性能和结晶性能的影响。结果表明,PCL提高了PLA的韧性,但降低了强度,滑石粉主要起到了增强作用,但降低了PLA韧性,而将两者共同添加到PLA中可以起到一定的增强增韧作用,其异相成核作用也提高了PLA的结晶度。增容剂TBC的加入,改善了PLA和PCL的相容性,提高PCL的增韧效果以及复合材料的结晶度,但略微降低了PLA的拉伸强度。当PCL和滑石粉质量分数均为10%且加入0.5份的TBC后,PLA/PCL/滑石粉复合材料的断裂伸长率、拉伸强度、结晶度分别为13.3%,61.6 MPa,43.0%,相比纯PLA分别提高了533%,2%,73.4%。     

Talc reinforcement of polylactide and biodegradable polyester blends via injection-molding and pilot-scale film extrusion

As a renewable and biodegradable polymer, polylactide (PLA) has taken a foothold in the packaging industry. However, the thermomechanical and barrier properties of PLA-based films need to be improved to facilitate a wider adoption. To address this challenge, we examined the effect of talc reinforcement in composites based on PLA and a biodegradable polyester. Masterbatches of the polymers and talc were produced by melt compounding and processed by either injection-molding or film extrusion in a pilot-scale unit operating at 60–80 m/min. The effect of talc was investigated in relation to the morphological, thermal, mechanical, and barrier properties of the composites. Based on SEM-imaging, talc was found to increase the miscibility of PLA and the polyester while acting as a nucleating agent that improved PLA crystallinity. While this effect did not track with an increased mechanical strength, the composites with 3–4 wt% talc displayed a significantly higher barrier to water vapor. Compared to the neat polymer films, a reduction of water vapor transmission rate, by ~34–37%, was observed at 23°C/50% RH. Meanwhile, the systems loaded with 1 wt% talc showed a reduction in oxygen transmission rates, by up to 34%. Our results highlight the challenges and prospects of commercial PLA-based blends filled with talc from films extruded in pilot-scale units.     

滑石粉/聚丙烯复合材料的制备及结晶性能研究进展

综述了Talc/PP复合材料的制备方法,提高滑石粉与聚丙烯相容性的方法,以及滑石粉/聚丙烯复合材料结晶性能的研究进展。     

Properties of talc/wollastonite/polyamide 6 hybrid composites

In this study, it was aimed to investigate the mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties of PA6 hybrid composites containing talc and wollastonite. Talc and wollastonite filled single and hybrid composites were prepared with melt compounding in a twin screw extruder. The filler content was 40% by weight and the wollastonite/talc ratio was 40/0, 30/10, 20/20, 10/30, and 40/0. The melt flow rate measurements showed that incorporation of fillers into the polyamide 6 (PA6) resulted in an increment in melt viscosity of composites. The presence of a homogeneous dispersion of fillers in the matrix was obtained from morphological analysis. It was revealed from the mechanical tests that in most cases, mechanical properties of 20/20 hybrid composites were significantly higher than that of the single and the other hybrid composites. Heat deflection temperature of the composite was markedly improved by the addition of fillers. Differential scanning calorimeter analysis showed that talc and wollastonite acted as a nucleating agent for PA6. POLYM. COMPOS., 36:739–746, 2015. © 2014 Society of Plastics Engineers     

成核剂对聚乳酸结晶行为及热性能的影响

采用熔融共混法制备了聚乳酸/成核剂复合材料,通过结晶速率测试仪、偏光显微镜(POM)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和负荷热变形温度测定仪对材料的结晶行为及热行为进行了研究。结果表明:与滑石粉相比,多酰胺类化合物(TMC)在聚乳酸基体中的成核效果更为明显,TMC的加入未改变聚乳酸的晶型,但显著提高了聚乳酸的结晶速率和结晶度;当所有样品在120℃下退火2 min时,与纯聚乳酸及滑石粉成核的聚乳酸相比,TMC成核的聚乳酸耐热温度最高,可达105.6℃。