PET瓶吹塑工艺分析

介绍了PET有压饮料瓶的成型工艺，分析了材料、温度、压力、模具等因素对PET瓶吹塑工艺及制品性能的影响，讨论了瓶坯质量、预吹瓶形状、预吹压力等对工艺的影响，以及应力测试和耐压测试对有压饮料的重要性。     

PET聚酯瓶的制造工艺与应用

PET聚酯具有良好的吹塑性,因此在瓶类包装上得到充分的推广。在耐热性上, PET聚酯瓶可分冷瓶和热瓶。本综述主要从原料选择、瓶坯加工、吹瓶过程三方面描述PET聚酯热瓶的制造工艺。此外,还列举PET聚酯瓶在饮用水、茶饮料、碳酸饮料、调味品、食用油、啤酒、医药、农药等八大生活日用品的包装应用以及PET聚酯瓶在各应用中的性能。     

克朗斯推出可生产OPP材质瓶的吹瓶机

德国克朗斯公司已成功地研发出可以生产OPP材质瓶的吹瓶机。该机型基于克朗斯2步法吹瓶技术。可以达到与吹制PET瓶同样的速度，每个模腔每小时吹瓶速度可达1500瓶。如果将吹瓶机瓶坯加热站的加热结构略微改进的话，速度可进一步提升。现在用于吹制PET瓶的克朗斯常规吹瓶机也同样可以在相同速度下吹制OPP材质瓶。     

固相聚合PET及饮料瓶的热性能研究

应用 DSC、 TGA和 TMA研究了固相聚合 PET树脂的双重熔融行为、热稳定性及瓶坯、包装瓶的结晶性能和膨胀性。结果表明 ,固相聚合 PET树脂在不同升温速度下的双重熔融行为反映出树脂结晶结构的完整性 ,可为确定固相聚合生产的工艺条件提供参考。对具有不同结晶性能和热稳定性的固相聚合 PET树脂 ,其制坯及吹瓶工艺条件应作必要调整。     

全自动吹瓶机

一种全自动吹瓶机，包括机架、安装瓶坯座并可作间歇运动的公转链条、上料装置、上坯机构、预热烘道装置：将瓶坯从公转链条上的瓶坯座转移到抓坯机械手的退坯机构，使各部件协调动作的控制装置。吹瓶机构设置在公转链条之外；吹瓶机构包括分别位于该退坯机构两侧的第1、第2吹瓶机构；2个吹瓶机构的吹瓶工位与退坯机构的退坯工位的距离相等；     

二步法注拉吹PET瓶的成型技术和设备

介绍用自制设备和国产原料,二步法注拉吹工艺生产PET瓶。研究了设备结构和技术参数、工艺条件如树脂含水量、瓶坯注塑成型温度、压力、时间、模温,瓶坯二次加热条件、拉伸吹塑条件等对制品质量的影响。结果表明,用本文所述原料、设备和工艺条件可以制得质量符合要求的PET瓶。该瓶适宜存放饮料、调料等液体食品。     

PET瓶在茶饮料包装的应用及发展

介绍热灌装用PET瓶的主要性能和应用情况 ,并与其他各种包装材料进行对比。PET瓶具有优越的机械性能和对环境保护的适应性 ,并且大规模生产时成本较为低廉。二次吹瓶工艺繁琐 ,成本高 ,一次吹瓶工艺简单适用。预计今年国内热灌装PET瓶产量可望突破 10亿只     

PET瓶吹塑应注意技术细节

PET瓶吹瓶流程是一个双向拉伸的过程，在此过程中，PET分子链呈双向延伸、取向和排列，从而增加了瓶壁的力学性能，提高了拉伸、抗冲击强度，并有很好的气密性。虽然拉伸有助于提高强度，但也不能过分拉伸，要控制好拉伸吹胀比：径向不要超过3．5～4．2，轴向不要超过2．8～3．1。瓶坯的壁厚不要超过4．5mm。     

新型钛系催化剂合成瓶用聚酯切片的研究

采用均一的液相新型钛系催化剂STi C-B1,在2 L间歇式聚合反应釜中制备钛系瓶用聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)切片;考察了催化剂中主要成分对PET切片色相及乙醛含量的影响,以及不同催化体系的PET切片的结晶性能及热性能;并进行了工业化应用评价。结果表明:在相同的聚合工艺条件下,STi C-B1钛用量为5μg/g(相对于PET)时的催化活性及其所得PET切片乙醛含量与乙二醇锑锑用量为180μg/g时相当;钛系PET切片结晶速度较锑系PET切片的慢,较慢的结晶速度可避免PET切片降温时出现结晶过快,从而有利于吹瓶;工业化应用表明钛系PET瓶片质量指标基本达到锑系PET瓶片的水平,其瓶坯乙醛含量低于锑系PET瓶坯的乙醛含量。     

全自动旋转式PET吹瓶机

达意隆集团研制出全自动旋转式PET吹瓶机。该机将瓶坯炉和拉伸吹瓶装置结合为体，属国家火炬计划项目。该产品主要特点：①由机械、电气、气动系统构成；②整机自动化程度高、动作稳定、安全可靠；②产品不受中间环节污染，生产效率高；④全过程自动化，生产速度最高可达24000瓶/h。     

Visualization study and analysis on preform growth in polyethylene terephthalate stretch blow molding

In stretch blow molding (SBM) process, the preform growth during the stretching and blowing is critical to the thickness distribution and properties of the final bottle. Whereas the thickness distribution is one of the most important criteria in the production of bottles. So this work focused on the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) preform growth using a transparent mold, through which the instantaneous images of the preform in the stretching and blowing stage were captured. By changing the delay time of the preblow, the three preform growth types, referred to as dolphin, sandpile, and two‐bubble, were observed. The longitudinal and hoop stresses acting on the preform segment during the stretching and blowing were analyzed. Two parameters, on which the longitudinal and hoop stresses depend, respectively, were defined. Then combining the geometry and sizes of the preform, the stresses and temperature distribution on it, and the stress–strain curves of the PET material used, the cause for different preform growth types was systematically analyzed. On the basis of preform growth types, the thickness distributions of the bottles obtained under different delay times of the preblow were explained. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 564–573, 2007     

Validating injection stretch‐blow molding simulation through free blow trials

A 2D isothermal finite element simulation of the injection stretch‐blow molding (ISBM) process for polyethylene terephthalate (PET) containers has been developed through the commercial finite element package ABAQUS/standard. In this work, the blowing air to inflate the PET preform was modeled through two different approaches: a direct pressure input (as measured in the blowing machine) and a constant mass flow rate input (based on a pressure–volume–time relationship). The results from these two approaches were validated against free blow and free stretch‐blow experiments, which were instrumented and monitored through high‐speed video. Results show that simulation using a constant mass flow rate approach gave a better prediction of volume vs. time curve and preform shape evolution when compared with the direct pressure approach and hence is more appropriate in modeling the preblowing stage in the injection stretch‐blow molding process. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2010. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers     

基于可视化的型坯拉伸吹胀模式的研究

在型坯再加热条件不变的情况下，通过全透明模具和数码摄像机研究了两步法拉伸吹塑中拉伸与吹气的时序（即预吹气延迟时间t0）对型坯拉伸吹胀模式的影响。研究表明，t0是影响拉伸吹胀模式的一个关键因素，随着t0的增加，型坯预先被拉伸的轴向长度也增加，这时瓶肩的厚度减小，瓶底的厚度增大。实验观察到型坯的拉伸吹胀存在海豚型、积沙型和截圈型3种模式。以海豚型模式成型时，型坯在轴向和径向同时得到充分地拉伸，成型瓶壁厚分布最合要求，积沙型次之，而以截圈型得到的瓶子不合要求。     

A novel approach of measuring the dielectric properties of PET preforms for stretch blow moulding

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is the most common plastic material used in injection stretch blow molding (ISBM) process for the manufacturing of bottles. The injection‐molded PET preform has to be preheated uniformly to a pliable state before the blowing stage of the process. Microwave technology offers a potentially more economical means for preheating the preform in place of the conventional infrared oven heating. For such applications, determination of dielectric properties of PET preform of a given geometry is essential. This article describes a novel approach of measuring the dielectric properties of PET preforms at microwave frequencies instead of the common experimental procedures used for such measurements. The dielectric properties are determined by using both CST Microwave Studio electromagnetic simulation software and the automatic network analyzer together. No complex mathematical solutions are required. Validation of this new approach has been made by comparing the measured dielectric properties of some polymers with those available in the published literature. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2008     

壳牌煤气化工艺流程中合成气反吹系统方案改造的探讨

针对壳牌煤气化工艺流程中的合成气反吹系统进行方案改造,反吹介质可由洗涤后的粗合成气改为高温高压氮气。改造后,出气化装置的合成气组份可以满足下游装置的工艺要求,同时又可以节省大量的工程投资。从工艺技术和经济技术两方面考虑,此改造方案切实可行。     

关于多孔细旦丝POY工艺条件探讨

采用先进的环吹风技术,以聚酯提供的优良原料为前提.对熔体不同的温度和压力、无风区的长度、纺温、环吹风风压、上油的位置、喷丝板规格及纺速等因素条件,探讨对POY质量和性能的影响.在工艺上不断优化,能够稳定生产出不同规格的多孔细旦POY,而且质量稳定,受到下游客户的青睐.     

Predicting heat and mass transfer to a growing, rotating preform during soot deposition in the outside vapor deposition process

During the manufacture of optical fibers using the outside vapor deposition (OVD) process, porous soot preforms are made by depositing soot onto a rotating cylindrical target from a soot-laden flame traversing along the target axis. The dominant mechanism of soot deposition in the OVD process is thermophoresis, which is the tendency of particles to migrate down the local gas temperature gradient. Accurate methods to estimate the heat and mass transfer rates from the flame to the growing preform are critical, as these rates dictate important preform characteristics. The heat and mass transfer during the OVD process are coupled due to particle thermophoresis and growth of the preform. We here present methods to predict the growth rate of a rotating preform along with the evolution of temperature profile at different radial locations within the preform for specified process parameters of flame temperature, burner traverse speed and number of burners. Sensitivity of preform temperature profile and deposition rate to each of the process parameters is presented, along with the critical discussion of our principal results.     

合成氨两步法固定床块煤富氧制气

介绍一种新型舍成氨固定床间歇制气工艺，探求一种新的合成氨造气节能改造之路。该工艺仅由短吹风和上吹制气2个阶段构成，制气时采用低浓度富氧空气加氮，既克服了传统五步间歇制气的生产强度低、消耗高的问题，同时又解决了固定床富氧连续制气高耗氧、高耗电、半水煤气二氧化碳含量高、老厂需要对后系统进行大量改造的问题。     

复合材料柔性导向三维织造防变形方法

针对三维结构复合材料预制体成型工艺,提出一种复合材料柔性导向三维分段织造和防变形方法,通过有限元分析得到一定预紧力条件下导向棒变形情况,确定每段织造区域的织造纤维层数,对导向棒做防变形处理,从最下段逐段织造逐段压实预制体。通过预制体织造对比试验发现,分段式织造和防变形处理能够有效地防止预制体织造过程中导向棒阵列的变形、控制预制体外形尺寸;分段压实预制体压实力减小,并能获得层密度较高的预制体。     

不同类型吹膜级聚乙烯树脂结构与性能研究

对不同类型吹膜级聚乙烯树脂LL1201、2426H和9455F进行了微观结构和薄膜性能分析,并对其流变性能进行了对比研究,讨论了影响树脂吹膜加工的流变学参数。结果表明:2426H的支化程度较高,9455F的分子量分布宽,LL1201薄膜的综合性能优于2426H,9455F薄膜的力学性能好但雾度高。流变性能研究表明:2426H的黏流活化能最高,黏度对温度变化最敏感,2426H和9455F的黏度对剪切速率变化敏感程度接近,都大于LL1201。9455F的熔体强度高于2426H和LL1201。