共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 546 毫秒
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生物柴油由于具有环保、可再生、良好的润滑性与稳定性等优良特征,已逐渐成为汽油、柴油等传统石化燃料的替代品。目前,生物柴油的制备过程中所采用的催化剂多为固体酸碱、液体酸碱等传统非均相与均相催化剂,虽然可以得到较高收率的生物柴油,但此类传统催化剂在使用过程中会造成设备腐蚀、废水处理等与环境、经济相关的问题。离子液体因具有结构可设计性、不易挥发、良好的化学稳定性、无污染以及易回收等优点,可作为一种应用于生物柴油制备的新型高效绿色环保催化剂。结合近几年离子液体在生物柴油合成领域的最新研究,综述了不同种类离子液体催化制备生物柴油的应用进展。 相似文献
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离子液体作为绿色液体催化剂具有优良的性能而倍受关注,然而关于离子液体催化合成生物柴油的报道很少。文中以N-甲基咪唑、吡啶为原料,合成N-(4-磺酸基)苄基吡啶硫酸氢根盐离子液体,其结构经IR,1HNMR所证实;以该离子液体为催化剂,催化麻疯树籽油合成生物柴油。在单因子实验基础上,通过正交试验法对反应温度、催化剂的用量、反应时间和醇油摩尔比等影响合成生物柴油的因素进行了优化,同时也对离子液体的稳定性进行了检验。实验结果表明:在反应温度140℃、醇油摩尔比为15∶1、反应时间6 h和催化剂用量为油质量的5%工艺条件下,生物柴油产率可达89.9%,且离子液体的稳定性好,可循环使用5次。此方法制备的生物柴油的主要质量指标与国内外生物柴油生产标准接近。 相似文献
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3种离子液体催化剂的制备以及在以微生物油脂合成生物柴油过程中的应用研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对原料油在转化成生物柴油的过程中易使催化剂失活等问题,合成了3种离子液体:氯化1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑盐([ BMIm] Cl)、1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑氟硼酸盐([BMIm] BF4)、1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐([BMIm] PF6),并对合成的产物作了紫外光谱、红外光谱、核磁共振的结构表征.3种离子液体催化剂均用于催化自制微生物油脂交换制备生物柴油.结果表明,在醇油摩尔比n(醇)∶n(油)=15∶1、催化剂用量为原料油质量的10%、反应温度为90℃、反应时间为16 h的条件下,生物柴油产率可达95%以上.[BMIm] PF6相较于其他2种离子液体催化剂具有较高的催化活性和产率,且与产品易于分离,重复使用6次以后,仍然保持良好的催化活性,产率仍保持在90%以上,说明其在生物柴油生产产业具有广泛应用的潜质. 相似文献
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《化学工业与工程技术》2017,(6):20-23
以浓硫酸和三乙胺为原料制备了酸性离子液体硫酸氢铵盐[Et3NH][HSO4],作为催化剂用于亚麻油与甲醇酯交换反应制备生物柴油。考察了催化剂添加量、醇油摩尔比、反应温度和反应时间等因素对酯交换产品收率的影响。试验结果表明:硫酸氢铵盐离子液体对酯交换反应有很高的催化活性,在甲醇与亚麻油摩尔比为8∶1、催化剂占原料油质量分数6%、反应温度120℃和反应时间5 h的优化条件下,酯交换产品收率可达90%以上。产物中含有十五酸甲酯、软脂酸甲酯等长链酯类物质,与生物柴油的化学组成分相似,说明离子液体硫酸氢铵盐能够催化制备生物柴油。 相似文献
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主要总结了国内外利用酸性离子液体催化合成生物柴油的进展,介绍了离子液体特性及其催化制备生物柴油的优点。简述了酸性离子液体在酯化和制备生物柴油反应中的应用,对酸性离子液体催化制备生物柴油的研究方向进行了展望。 相似文献
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Francisco J. Hernández‐Fernández Antonia P. de los Ríos Luis J. Lozano‐Blanco Carlos Godínez 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2010,85(11):1423-1435
Ionic liquids have shown potential as green reaction media compared with organic solvents, mainly due to their lack of vapour pressure. In non‐aqueous enzymology, ionic liquids are opening up new fields. The advantages of using ionic liquids over the use of organic solvents as reaction medium for biocatalysis include enhancement of enzyme activity, stability and selectivity. In this work, the enzymatic synthesis of esters in ionic liquids has been extensively reviewed. Numerous examples of the application of ionic liquids as reaction medium for the enzymatic production of esters have been included. The effect of the nature of the ionic liquid on activity, selectivity and stability of enzymes which catalyze esters synthesis has been carefully analysed. Innovative reaction methodologies for the biosynthesis of esters, including ionic liquid/supercritical carbon dioxide biphasic systems and the integrated reaction/separation processes using supported liquid membranes based on ionic liquids have been revised. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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离子液体中酯化反应的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
离子液体被誉为"绿色"介质,由于具备液程宽、良好的热稳定和化学稳定性,与许多小分子物质杰出的相溶性、高的极性和导电性、再循环能力强和可忽略的蒸气压等众多优良性质,被广泛应用在酯化反应中。对以离子液体作为反应介质时进行的酶催化酯化反应、纤维素改性、生物柴油转化等反应的研究进展进行了介绍。 相似文献
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The transesterification of palm oil and methanol catalyzed by Br(φ)nsted acidic ionic liquids was investigated.Four eco-friendly Br(φ)nsted acidic ionic liquids were prepared and their structures were characterized by NMR,FT-IR and TG-DTG.The results demonstrated that [CyN1,1PrSO3H][p-TSA] was more efficient than the other ionic liquids and chosen as catalyst for further research.The influences of various reaction parameters on the conversion of palm oil to biodiesel were performed,and the orthogonal test was investigated to seek the optimum reaction conditions,which were illustrated as follows:methanol to oil mole ratio of 24∶1,catalyst dosage of 3.0 wt% of oil,reaction temperature of 120 ℃,reaction time of 150 min,and the biodiesel yield achieved 98.4%.In addition,kinetic study was established for the conversion process,with activation energy and preexponential factor of 122.93 kJ·mol-1 and 1.83 × 1015,respectively.Meanwhile,seven-time recycling runs of ionic liquid were completed with ignorable loss of its catalyst activity.The refined biodiesel met the biodiesel standard EN 14214. 相似文献
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In this study, the lipase catalysed esterification reaction for biodiesel production was investigated in the presence of the ionic liquid [BMIM][PF6]. Unlike regular organic solvents, many ionic liquids have no vapour pressure, and are therefore considered non‐volatile. When used in systems with enzyme catalysts, ionic liquids may enhance their activity, selectivity, and stability. The use of an enzyme (lipase) as a catalyst, and the ionic liquid as a solvent/immobilization agent also represents an environmentally friendly, “green” technology. Methyl acetate was used as the acyl acceptor as opposed to the more commonly used methanol due to the negative effects methanol and the glycerol by‐product has on lipase enzyme activity. The results of this research indicate that methyl oleate (i.e., biodiesel) was successfully produced, with an 80% overall biodiesel yield in the presence of ionic liquid, at a 1:1 ratio (v/v) to the amount of oil. This verified that the presence of an ionic liquid, at a specified amount, improved the activity of the lipase and the overall biodiesel yield. Results also indicate the addition of ionic liquid facilitated the separation of the methyl esters from the triacetylglycerol by‐product. The best conditions investigated was found to be: 14:1 molar ratio between oil and acyl acceptor; 20% (w immobilised lipase/w of oil; and a temperature in the range of 48–55°C. However, additional purification is required in order for the produced biodiesel to meet ASTM standards. 相似文献
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