BaO-SrO-TiO2-SiO2透明极性微晶玻璃的研究

选择ＢａＯ－ＳｒＯ－ＴｉＯ２－ＳｉＯ２玻璃系统,采用特殊的定向析晶工艺,获得透明极性微晶玻璃,测定了材料的显微结构,光谱透过率等性能,研究结果表明,该透明微晶玻璃在波长为４００ｎｍ－５μｍ区间内有较高的透过率,沿晶粒生长方向的压电常数ｄ５３为９．５×１０＾－１２Ｃ／Ｎ二阶非线性光学系数Ｘ＾（２）为１．２×１０＾－１３ｍ／Ｖ。     

提高极性微晶玻璃介电性能的研究

首次在极性微晶玻璃中引入铁电型晶相，并首次实现了定向生长的非铁电型极性晶体（Ｓｒ２ＴｉＳｉ２Ｏ８）与无特定取向的铁电型晶体（ＳｒＴｉＯ３）按材料设计要求的复合，制成了一种新的０－１－３复合材料－复相极性微晶玻璃。通过研究该复合型功能材料中新晶相对材料性能的影响，获得了有关耦合效应的信息。该材料除了具有较好的压电性以外，还具有较高的介电常数。将其用作压电传感元件，有助于提高水听器等传感器的灵敏度。     

TiO2对堇青石基微晶玻璃的分相与晶化的影响

采用Ｘ射线衍射分析、透射电镜、扫描电镜差热分析等测试技术、研究了ＴｉＯ２在ＭｇＯ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＯ２系堇青石基玻璃晶化过程中的作用。发现ＴｉＯ２的加入,改变了系统析出初晶相的类型,降低了析晶活化能,促进了玻璃的整体折晶。而且ＴｉＯ２的引入,还有利于玻璃的分相,进一步促进了系统的核化和晶倾无ＴｉＯ２引入的情况下,同一组成的ＭｇＯ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＯ２系玻璃为表面析晶。     

含铬R2O—CaO—Al2O3—SiO2系统结晶质玻璃球状析晶机理的研究

采用顺磁共振（ＥＳＲ）、扫描电镜（ＳＥＭ）、能谱分析（ＥＤＡＸ）、Ｘ射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）等实验方法，研究了Ｃｒ２ＯＥ对Ｒ２Ｏ－ＣａＯ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＯ２系统更上一层楼的晶行为的影响，并对 球状析晶机理进行了分析。球晶是由放射状的针形晶体所构成，尺寸约为几个毫米，且呈均匀分布，主晶相为β－ＣａＳｉＯ３。析晶机理是玻璃中的铬在热处理过程中首先以铬钙尖晶石固熔体「ＣａＣｒ２Ｏｒ」的形式析出，然后β－Ｃａ     

CaO—Al2O3—SiO2系统玻璃晶化时首析晶相及TiO2的作用机理预测和…

通过ＣａＯ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＯ２系统玻璃的结构分析预测玻璃晶化时首析晶相是钙长石。选取ＣａＯ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＯ２三元相图成玻璃区内的某点作为基础玻璃的组成，在基础玻璃吕加入ＴｉＯ２。用ＤＴＡ，ＸＲＤ和ＳＥＭ方法的研究结果表明，不玻璃中加ＴｉＯ２与否，晶化时首先析出的晶相都是钙长石，且均为从表面向内部生长，驰预测相符。     

PZTS系凝胶玻璃及玻璃陶瓷的结构研究

采用溶胶凝胶工艺在低温下合成均匀透明的ＰＺＴＳ新型多组元凝胶玻璃，并在凝胶玻璃中成功地析出ＰｂＴｉＯ３，Ｐｂ（Ｚｒ，Ｔｉ）Ｏ３纳米微晶。利用ＩＲ谱分析了凝胶玻璃中Ｓｉ－Ｏ－Ｓｉ，Ｓｉ－Ｏ－Ｔｉ等化学键在成胶过程中的形成以及在热处理过程中的变化，根据Ｋｉｓｓｉｎｇｅｒ原理估算了ＰＴＳ凝胶玻璃的析晶活化能。借助ＸＲＤ较系统地研究了凝胶玻璃在高温下的结晶结构。探讨了在ＰＺＳ、ＰＺＴＳ体系中ＺｒＯ２和Ｓｉ     

CaO-Al_2O_3-SiO_2系统玻璃晶化时首析晶相及TiO_2的作用机理预测和研究

通过ＣａＯＡｌ２Ｏ３ＳｉＯ２系统玻璃的结构分析预测玻璃晶化时首析晶相是钙长石。选取ＣａＯＡｌ２Ｏ３ＳｉＯ２三元相图成玻璃区内的某点作为基础玻璃的组成，在基础玻璃中加入ＴｉＯ２。用ＤＴＡ，ＸＲＤ和ＳＥＭ方法的研究结果表明，不管玻璃中加ＴｉＯ２与否，晶化时首先析出的晶相都是钙长石，且均为从表面向内部生长，与预测相符。ＴｉＯ２作为晶核剂，效果不太明显，在高温时ＴｉＯ２只能使玻璃网络结构松弛，粘度降低，促进玻璃中晶相的成核和生长。     

中,高温钛乳浊釉显微结构的研究

应用ＸＲＤ、ＴＥＭ、ＳＡＤ及ＥＤＳ等测试技术，系统地研究了ＴｉＯ２及烧成温度对Ｋ２Ｏ－Ｎａ２Ｏ－ＣａＯ－ＭｇＯ－ＺｎＯ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＯ２系瓷釉显微结构的作用。结果表明，在１１４０－１２２０℃烧 ，瓷釉中都存在分相与析晶现象，液滴相富含Ｔｉ＾４＋、Ｃａ＾２＋、Ｚｎ＾２＋而基体玻璃相富含Ｓｉ＾４＋，析出的晶体主要为钛榍石。随烧成温度的提高，析出晶体的数量不断减少。另外，当ＴｉＯ２加入量增加时瓷釉的     

碱金属对CaO—Al2O3—SiO2—R2O—ZnO红色微晶玻璃的影响

研究了碱金属ＮａＯ和Ｋ２Ｏ对ＣａＯ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＯ２－Ｒ２Ｏ－ＺｎＯ红色微晶玻璃着色,烧结和析晶的影响与作用,以及微晶玻璃烧结和析晶随热处理温度变化的规律。     

中,高温钛乳浊釉显微结构的研究

应用ＸＲＤ、ＴＥＭ、ＳＡＤ及ＥＤＳ等测试技术，系统地研究了ＴｉＯ２及烧成温度对Ｋ２Ｏ－Ｎａ２Ｏ－ＣａＯ－ＭｇＯ－ＺｎＯ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＯ２系瓷釉显微结构的作用。结果表明，在１１８０℃—１２２０℃烧成时，瓷釉中都存在分相与析晶现象，液滴相富含Ｔｉ４＋、Ｃａ２＋、Ｚｎ２＋，而基体玻璃相富含Ｓｉ４＋，析出的晶体主要为钛榍石。随烧成温度的提高，析出晶体的数量不断减少。另外，当ＴｉＯ２加入量增加时瓷釉的分相程度、液滴数量及尺寸将随之增大。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

Inorganic/organic nanocomposite coatings: The next step in coating performance

Inorganic/organic hybrid materials have considerable promise and are beginning to become a major area of research for many coating usages, including abrasion and corrosion resistance. Our primary approach is to prepare the inorganic phase in situ within the film formation process of the organic phase. The inorganic phase is introduced via sol-gel chemistry into a thermosetting organic phase. By this method, the size, periodicity, spatial positioning, and density of the inorganic phase can be controlled. An important aspect of the inorganic/organic hybrid materials is the coupling agent. The initial task of the coupling agent is to provide uniform mixing of the oligomeric organic phase with the sol-gel precursors, which are otherwise immiscible. UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid systems have the advantages of a rapid cure and the ability to be used on heat sensitive substrates such as molded plastics. Also, it is possible to have better control of the growth of the inorganic phase using UV curing. It is our ultimate goal to completely separate the curing of inorganic and organic phases to gain complete control over the morphology, and hence optimization of “all” the coating properties. Thus far, it has been found that concomitant UV curing of the inorganic and organic phases using titanium sol-gel precursors afforded nanocomposite coatings which completely block the substrate from UV light while maintaining a transparent to visible light. Also, it has been found that the morphology of the inorganic phase is highly dependent on the concentration and reactivity of the coupling agent. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.