功能性Janus纳米颗粒的研究进展

Janus纳米颗粒是一类在空间或物化性质上各向异性的纳米材料,因其独特的性质和在功能涂层、环境、催化、生物医学等领域的应用而受到广泛关注。不同纳米颗粒的侧边分布为定制具备丰富功能的Janus纳米颗粒提供了一个灵活的平台,与传统均质纳米颗粒相比,功能性Janus纳米颗粒凭借两种功能或多种功能的结合拓展了更多的新兴应用领域。该文重点讨论了磁响应性、光催化性、非对称浸润性及自驱动性等功能性Janus纳米颗粒的制备策略;同时介绍了功能性Janus纳米颗粒的应用领域,并对其存在的问题进行分析讨论;最后,对功能性Janus纳米颗粒合成和应用前景进行了展望。     

磁性荧光复合纳米材料的研究进展

随着纳米科学技术的发展,科学工作者们已经成功制备出具有独特电、磁、光、热、生物、化学等性能的功能性纳米颗粒。这些功能性纳米颗粒对于生物、医学、电子、化学、材料等许多学科领域的发展具有重大意义,其中荧光量子点和磁性纳米材料因其独特的发光性能和磁学性能而引起广大科学工作者的兴趣。然而,随着科学技术的进一步发展,单一功能的材料已经不再满足人们对先进材料的需求,因此,具有磁性荧光双重功能的复合材料备受关注。本文概述了磁性荧光复合纳米颗粒的制备方法及其应用。     

纳米材料在生物检测中的应用

纳米颗粒是生物医学中研究最多、应用最广的纳米材料,有许多独特的性质.综述了近年来国际上以纳米颗粒为基础的纳米技术在生物传感器及生物检测中的研究成果和进展,介绍了纳米颗粒的制备方法及其在纳米生物传感器和纳米生物芯片中的应用,结合纳米病原微生物检测介绍了有关免疫传感器检测细菌的研究成果,并对该领域的应用前景进行了展望.     

爆轰纳米金刚石团聚机理及其解团聚综述

纳米金刚石因其优异的性能在众多领域具有诱人的应用前景,探求纳米金刚石初级颗粒的团聚机理,研究简单、高效的解团聚方法,实现其单颗粒分散,是纳米金刚石优异性能得以发挥和应用的重要前提.文章从纳米金刚石的团聚机理出发,分析和评述了当前主要的团聚机理模型,在团聚机理研究的基础上,对纳米金刚石的解团聚及单颗粒分散的几种方法进行了较为详尽的评述,分析了各种方法的优缺点,并对未来的研究重点及方向进行了展望.     

研究与述评

正201604045 1,2,3-三唑的性能及在功能性涂料中的应用[刊,英]/Kantheti,Sasidhar等//RSC Advances.-2015,5(5).-3687~37081,2,3-三唑由于具有三唑环结构,使其优异的抗菌防腐性能,并且合成工艺简单,产率高,在聚合物和材料科学领域有着重要的应用。1,2,3-苯三唑一般通过叠氮化物-炔烃以点击化学反应而得,其在金属氧化物纳米颗粒和碳纳米管等无机领域有着潜在的应用价值,用于制     

生物表面活性剂介导纳米颗粒的生物合成及其应用进展

生物表面活性剂参与纳米材料合成是一项新兴技术,解决了纳米颗粒易聚集、形态大小不均一等问题,为生物技术大规模合成稳定的纳米颗粒提供了新的思路.简介了生物表面活性剂的特性和种类,综述了生物表面活性剂介导纳米颗粒的生物合成研究进展,总结了生物纳米颗粒在石油工业及生物修复等方面的应用.指出未来的研究重点是:合成具有良好稳定性、...     

纳米金和磁性纳米颗粒在生物传感器中的应用

纳米技术的出现为纳米材料在分析化学领域的发展和应用开辟了新的方向。纳米材料的优异性能例如比表面积大、反应活性高等为生物检测奠定了基础。综述了纳米材料中纳米金和磁性纳米颗粒在生物传感器中的应用,并对其将来的发展进行了展望。     

形貌可控的银纳米颗粒合成及应用

银纳米材料具有独特的物理性质,在光学、生物和催化等领域应用潜力巨大,是近年来材料领域的研究热点。银纳米材料的很多性能与其形貌密切相关,如枝状银纳米颗粒局部表面等离子体共振较强,不同形貌的银纳米颗粒裸露不同的晶面,导致其催化选择性不同。因此,控制合成特定形貌和结构的银纳米颗粒一直是该领域的重要研究方向。本工作综述了近年来银纳米颗粒形貌可控的合成方法,包括溶液还原法、晶种法、生物合成法、光诱导法、反应-扩散调控的动力学法和模板法等,比较了不同方法的优缺点,分析了不同合成方法的机理。重点介绍了基于反应和扩散调控的动力学方法,总结了其优点和普适性。调研了不同形貌银纳米颗粒在抑菌、局部等离子体共振和催化等领域的应用研究,分析了不同形貌银纳米颗粒的工业化应用前景,并对银纳米形貌的可控合成和应用进行了展望。     

镍-磷-纳米颗粒化学复合镀的研究现状及发展

综述了近年来镍-磷-纳米颗粒化学复合镀的研究情况。阐述了镍-磷-纳米颗粒化学复合镀的机理、镀液中各成分的作用、纳米颗粒的分散、纳米复合镀层的结构和性能。指出了纳米化学复合镀在今后的研究方向———纳米颗粒的分散和功能性复合镀层。     

钯纳米颗粒制备方法的研究进展

钯纳米颗粒近年来在偶联反应、催化加氢和氧化等反应中被广泛应用,并且被用于储氢材料和燃料电池催化电极等领域。在多相催化领域中,纳米技术能够通过改变金属钯的尺寸和形貌来提高其利用率和催化活性,而制备方法是决定钯纳米颗粒性能的关键。从钯纳米颗粒在催化领域的应用方面对近年来钯纳米催化剂的制备方法进行了综述。     

Predicting the Yield of Coking Products

The properties of coal concentrates are determined: the technical analysis, clinkering properties, petrographic and elementary analysis, and the product yields in coking. Structural characteristics of the coal’s organic mass are also calculated. The results obtained for Kuznetsk Basin coal are subjected to mathematical analysis. The experimental dependences obtained may be used to formulate optimal coking batch in actual production conditions.     

Study of the Effect of Nano-silica Particles on Resin-Bonded Moulding Sand Properties and Quality of Casting

The cast quality in chemical bonded sand mould system is influenced primarily by sand mould properties such as, compression strength, permeability, gas evolution, and collapsibility. Amount of resin and hardener, curing time and number of strokes influence the sand mould properties. The experiments are conducted with the above mentioned input output, as per Taguchi’s L₉ orthogonal array. Pareto analysis of variance is conducted to determine the percent contribution of inputs on output, individually. The optimal factor level is determined for each output separately. The conflicting requirements in foundry sand mould properties can be solved by multiple objective optimization. Principal component analysis is applied to determine the relative importance of individual output. Grey relational analysis is used to convert multiple objective functions to a single objective function for optimization task. Pareto analysis is utilized to determine the optimal input factor combination and their relative percent contribution towards moulding sand properties. The nano-silica particles are used as additive to enhance the moulding sand properties. The results have shown that, the nano-silica particles pose a remarkable improvement in sand mould properties and casting quality.     

An integrated experimental study of the injection molding behavior of some polyethylene resins

The present study reports on the results of an integrated experimental program to determine some of the important interactions between resin properties, moldability, and the microstructure and ultimate properties of molded articles. As part of the program, resins are characterized as to their rheological, thermal, and crystallization behavior. Then, the resins are injection molded in a laboratory machine employing simple, but highly instrumented molds in order to evaluate moldability and to produce moldings for testing and analysis. Microstructural analysis to determine morphology and orientation of the moldings is carried out utilizing polarized light microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. Finally, shrinkage and tensile properties of the moldings are determined experimentally. To illustrate the utility of the proposed techniques, results are reported for two polyethylene resins' that exhibit superficially similar properties but, according to tests, show significant differences in moldability and product properties.     

Application of statistical mechanics to the analysis of various physical properties of elastomeric networks — a review

This paper examines the application of the statistical mechanics to the analysis of various physical properties of the elastomeric networks. The equilibrium properties of rubber-like networks are discussed, and also some dynamic properties, such as the relaxation spectrum of Gaussian networks. The paper covers a large spectrum of properties of polymer networks such as: fluctuations and chain dimensions in unimodal and bimodal network, effects of entanglements and constraints on the elastic properties of the network, segmental orientation, liquid-crystalline networks, small angle neutron scattering from networks, strain birefringence, elastic properties of filled networks, strain induced crystallization etc. The paper shows that the statistical mechanics can be successfully used to the analysis of almost all physical properties of rubber-like networks.     

Structure and property characterization of spunbonded filaments and webs using thermal analysis

The thermal history and inherent properties of the filaments are of utmost importance in spunbonded webs. A good understanding of the structure and properties development of individual filaments is helpful in comprehending the whole process better. Polypropylene homopolymer and a copolymer were processed using the Reicofi® spunbonding line at the Textiles and Nonwovens Development Center of the University of Tennessee, Knoxville. The properties of the filament samples taken before thermal bonding were determined through a variety of thermal analyses, such as differential scanning calorimetry, thermomechanical analysis, thermal deformation analysis, and dynamic thermal analysis, as well as mechanical properties. The performance properties of the bonded nonwoven fabrics from these filaments were evaluated, and the structure and properties of the fibers were compared with those of the bonded fabrics. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 69: 421–434, 1998     

白音查干凹陷腾格尔组储层特征及影响因素

通过薄片、物性分析等资料和数据,对白音查干凹陷腾格尔组的储层岩石学特征、孔隙结构、孔渗性特征等展开对比分析,认为储层物性受沉积环境及后期成岩作用所控制,腾格尔组不同沉积微相物性差异较大,成岩改造作用主要影响岩石的孔隙类型、孔隙数量、孔隙结构及分布,是控制腾格尔组储层物性的重要因素。     

Application of Plackett-Burman design and linear programming to light-duty liquid detergent formulation

Plackett-Burman experimental design is applied to a seven-component light-duty liquid detergent formulation to determine which components affect five different properties of the formulation. Regression analysis and linear programming are then applied to the results of the Plackett-Burman analysis. It is shown that the formulation can be optimized by linear programming, even if some of the properties are nonlinear. The procedure saves much of the experimental effort required to find the quadratic and interaction terms for nonlinear models of the properties and the difficulties of optimization with nonlinear constraints.     

The Effect of Scrim Material on the Elasticity of Adhesives Under Bond-Normal Tension

An essential ingredient in the stress analysis of bonded joints and the estimation of potential failure occurrence are the (thermo) mechanical properties of the adherends and of the adhesive. These properties are universally determined through standard engineering tests on uniaxial tensile coupons.     

Analytical Methods for the Rapid Determination of Solid Biofuel Quality

Fuel properties of solid biofuels are essential aspects for the energy-efficient and low-emission operation of biomass heat and power plants. Hence, fuel quality parameters are often defined and used for pricing in supply contracts. To simplify and accelerate analytical approaches, rapid analysis devices are required to determine fuel properties such as water- and ash content, calorific value, and chemical composition on-site. This article gives an overview about available technologies and, if applicable, their current state of use as rapid analysis devices for solid biofuels.     

增塑型锂离子电池聚合物电解质

从组成聚合物电解质的聚合物基材和电解液两方面进行分析,介绍了最近几年凝胶型、微孔型和复合型聚合物电解质的研究现状,比较了它们的制备方法、性能和特点,探讨了锂盐、增塑剂、离子液体和单离子导体等对聚合物电解质性能的影响,并简要评述了聚合物锂离子电池未来发展的前景趋势。