我国乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯树脂的进出口分析

根据海关数据,从进出口数量和金额,进出口国家或地区,进出口省市区以及进出口贸易方式等方面分析了 2020年我国乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯(EVA)树脂的进出口情况.     

水解反滴定法测定乙烯/乙酸乙烯酯中VA含量方法的优化

通过对ISO 8985:1998(E)水解反滴定法测定乙烯/乙酸乙烯酯(EVA)中乙酸乙烯酯(VA)含量(质量分数)的研究,发现该方法存在指示剂颜色不易判断、分析数据平行性差等问题。拟采用电位滴定法取代ISO8985:1998(E)回流反滴定法中颜色指示剂法测定EVA中VA含量,利用电位突跃点判断滴定终点,并对该方法的测定条件进行优化。结果表明,电位滴定法克服了指示剂不能准确判断滴定终点的问题,与颜色指示剂法相比,电位滴定法具有精密度高,操作简便、快捷等优点。     

乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物增韧改性聚甲醛的工艺研究

通过熔融挤出共混的方法,选用乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)增韧改性聚甲醛(POM)。分别研究了EVA用量和工艺参数(包括挤出机螺杆转速、加工温度以及注射压力)对POM/EVA共混物力学性能的影响。结果表明:EVA能有效地增韧改性聚甲醛,当EVA用量为25%时,缺口冲击强度由7.6 k J/m~2提高到22.9 k J/m~2;当EVA用量在15%时,POM/EVA体系的综合力学性能最好;加工工艺参数对体系的力学性能有一定的影响,当螺杆转速为200 r/min,加工温度在150~180℃,注射压力为8 MPa时,体系的力学性能最好。     

纤维素增强乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯橡胶的性能

通过溶液共混和静态硫化的方法分别制备了乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯(EVA)/微米纤维素(MCC)和EVA/纳米纤维素(NCC)硫化橡胶,对比研究了二者的凝胶含量、交联密度、力学性能、微观形态和透光率等。结果发现,MCC的加入使得EVA硫化橡胶的综合性能下降,而NCC对EVA橡胶具有明显的增强效果。2份(质量)NCC可使EVA硫化橡胶的拉伸强度提高75%,达到21.5 MPa,同时其扯断伸长率保持在800%以上。由于NCC的纳米尺度及其均匀分散性,EVA/NCC硫化橡胶还保持了较高的交联密度和透光率。     

乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物中乙酸乙烯酯的红外光谱法测定

利用ATR技术测量样品的红外光谱,采用偏最小二乘法对所测光谱进行分析,建立了一种快速分析方法;对乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物中乙酸乙烯酯进行测定。结果表明：标准曲线线性关系良好,相关系数为0．99985,方法简单快速,结果可靠。     

天然橡胶/乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物/高密度聚乙烯热塑性硫化胶的制备及其性能研究

制备天然橡胶（NR）/乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物（EVA）/高密度聚乙烯（HDPE）热塑性硫化胶（TPV）并研究其性能。结果表明：当动态硫化时间为8 min、EVA用量为12份、炭黑N330用量为40份时，NR/EVA/HDPE TPV的综合物理性能最好。     

高压釜式法EVA生产及产品性能分析北大核心

分析了反应温度、压力和引发剂种类对乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)生产的影响,确定了EVA开车条件,生产了可用于注塑、预涂膜、热熔胶等的EVA产品,并从分子链结构、聚集态结构、基础性能等方面对不同产品的性能进行分析和比较。结果表明:乙酸乙烯酯(VA)含量接近的情况下,EVA的熔体流动速率(MFR)增加,剪切黏度降低;MFR相似的情况下,VA含量增加,EVA的剪切黏度增加。高压釜式法EVA的重均分子量、数均分子量较高,具有更好的加工性能,确立了釜式法生产EVA的优势和方向。     

聚乙酸乙烯酯乳液改性研究进展

介绍了聚乙酸乙烯酯乳液改性的研究进展及各种改性方法和技术,包括共聚、共混、保护胶体的化学改性,引发剂、乳化剂、交联剂和添加剂的改变以及辐射法制备聚乙酸乙烯酯乳液等。以某种改性方法为主,辅以其他改性方法,或者多种方法共同改性已经成为聚乙酸乙烯酯乳液改性的发展趋势。     

抗水性和抗冻性聚乙酸乙烯酯乳液胶黏剂的制备

用乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚乳液作为种子进行聚合，制备了抗水性和抗冻性的聚乙酸乙烯酯乳液胶黏剂。研究了乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物乳液的用量对改进型PVAC乳液的抗冻性、抗水性及表面张力的影响。     

聚乙酸乙烯酯涂料的合成

以乙酸乙烯酯,十二烷基苯磺酸钙等原料合成聚乙酸乙烯酯乳液及其涂料,探讨温度,时间,乳化剂用量对其影响。     

Viscoelastic and adhesion properties of hot-melts made with blends of ethylene-co-n-butyl acrylate (EBA) and ethylene-co-vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymers

Several hot-melts (HMAs) were prepared by using blends of ethylene-co-n-butyl acrylate (EBA) and ethylene-co-vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymers - EBA/EVA. HMAs were prepared with mixtures of EVA copolymers with 18 (EVA18) and 27 (EVA27) wt% vinyl acetate contents and EBA copolymer with 27 wt% n-butyl acrylate, polyterpene resin and mixture of microcrystalline and Fischer-Tropsch waxes. HMAs made with EBA/EVA blends showed lower viscosities and reduced shear thinning than the ones made with EBA or EVA due to differences in compatibility, but both the set time and the open time were not affected as they depended mainly on the wax nature and amount. The increase of the vinyl acetate (VA) content in EVA copolymer reduced the crystallinity of the EBA/EVA blends. Even EBA copolymer was more compatible with EVA27 than with EVA18 (the α- and β-transitions shown in DMTA plots were closer) and the compatibility did not vary with the EBA content in the blends. The addition of polyterpene resin and the mixture of waxes decreased the compatibility of the EBA/EVA blends, the higher compatibility was observed for the HMAs made with only one copolymer. The tack of the HMAs depended on their EBA/EVA contents, EBA/EVA27 HMAs showed broader temperature interval with higher tack, while the tack of EBA/EVA18 HMAs blend decreased and the temperature interval with tack was shortened and shifted to lower temperatures. Adhesion to polypropylene film was improved in HMAs made with 75 wt% EBA/25 wt% EVA18 and 50–75 wt% EBA/50-25 wt% EVA27. The adhesion to aluminum film of EBA or EVA hot melts was improved only in the joints made with EBA/EVA 27 HMAs, more noticeably when they contained higher EBA content.     

NON-ISOTHERMAL CRYSTALLIZATION AND MELTING BEHAVIOR OF POLY(PROPYLENE)-POLY(ETHYLENE VINYL ACETATE) [PP/EVA] AND POLY(PROPYLENE)-(ETHYLENE-PROPYLENE) [PP-EP/EVA] BLENDS

The melting behavior of PP/EVA and PP-EP/EVA blends non-isothermally crystallized was studied. The morphology of blends was evaluated in terms of crystal habits, spherulitic structure and melting characteristics. For PP and EVA homopolymers the observed crystal habits were f-monoclinic and orthorhombic corresponding to PP and PE cyrstals since this last is a part of the EVA copolymer. Two types of f-crystals were associated to the experimental data and they were designated as low (LPf-C) and high (HPf-C) perfection f-crystals. These crystals were relatively unaffected in nature after blending the PP or the PP-EP with the EVA copolymer. Nevertheless, crystallinity decreased and the spherulitic structure changed. In differential scanning calorimetry [DSC] heating traces two partially overlapped endothermic signals were observed during heating of the non-isothermally crystallized specimen. The low temperature endotherm (I) was associated to melting of LPf-C structures while the high temperature endotherm (II) was related to two different melting processes, one corresponding to HPf-C structures and the other to recrystallized or reorganized material. The shifting of endotherm I to lower temperatures was considered an effect of interfacial interactions in the crystalline zones between the LPf-C of PP and the orthorhombic crystals of EVA. Modulated differential scanning calorimetry [MDSC] traces corroborated that recrystallization is higher in PP/EVA blends the opposite being the case in PP-EP/EVA blends. Differences in the multiple melting between PP/EVA and PP-EP/EVA blends are discussed in terms of molecular interactions.     

Radiation effects on poly(propylene) (PP)/ethylene–vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) blends

Radiation effects on poly(propylene)/ethylene–vinyl acetate copolymer (PP/EVA) blends are discussed. Increasing the EVA content enhanced the crosslinking effect of radiation in PP/EVA blends. This effect was significant when the EVA content was ≥50% in PP/EVA blends that were exposed to γ‐ray irradiation in air. This phenomenon is discussed in relation to the compatibility, morphology, and thermal properties of PP/EVA blends. The results indicate that the effect is dependent on the compatibility, the increase in the amorphous region content, and the EVA content in PP/EVA blends. The possible mechanism of radiation crosslinking or degradation in irradiated PP/EVA blends was studied quantitatively by a novel method, a “step analysis” process, and thermal gravimetric analysis. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 86: 3420–3424, 2002     

Poly (butyleneterephthalate)-ethylenevinylacetate polymer blends

Polymerization of dimethylterephthalate (DMT) and 1,4-butanediol (4G) carried out in the presence of about 15 weight percent of ethylene-co-vinylacetate copolymers (EVA), gave blends with average dimensions of the “soft domains” of a few microns. During polymerization, reaction between EVA and poly(butyleneterepthalate) (PBTP) takes place leading to the formation of macromolecules of PBTP-g-EVA and crosslinked EVA in addition to unreacted EVA and linear PBTP. These different chemical structures can be fractionated by selective solubility and quantitatively measured. Their relative amounts depend particularly on the percentage of vinylacetate (VA) in the initial EVA and on the time of reaction. During polymerization there is a retarding effect on the increasing of the molecular weight of linear PBTP which can be ascribed to the lower volatility of the acetate by-products, derived from the reaction with EVA, which act as monofunctional impurities.     

Poly(butyleneterephthalate)-poly(ethylene-co-vinylacetate) polymer blends. Part II

The more distinctive morphological features which appear in the micrographs of fracture surfaces of polymer blends of poly(butyleneterephthalate)(PBTP) with poly(ethylene-covinylacetate) (EVA), obtained by polymerizing in different conditions dimethylterephthalate (DMT) and 1,4-butanediol (4G) in the presence of EVA (with 4 percent w/w of vinylacetate, VA,), are shown and discussed. The micrograph investigation clearly points out that the adhesion between EVA particles and PBTP matrix increases with the extent of reaction between PBTP and EVA and, for the same time of reaction, by changing from an anchor to a paddle agitator. The mean diameter of the particles is also affected by time of reaction and by the geometry of the agitator, decreasing when the adhesion increases.     

乙烯—醋酸乙烯酯共聚物的化学接枝改性

综述了乙烯－醋酸乙烯酯共聚物的化学接枝方法,重点探讨了乙烯－醋酸乙烯酯与马来酸酐的接枝原因,并对接枝物的表征及应用加以论述。     

The Effect of Epoxidized Natural Rubber (ENR-50) or Polyethylene Acrylic Acid (PEA) as Compatibilizer on Properties of Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA)/Natural Rubber (SMR L) Blends

The effect of epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) or polyethylene acrylic acid (PEA) as a compatibilizer on properties of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA)/natural rubber (SMR L) blends was studied. 5 wt.% of compatibilizer was employed in EVA/SMR L blend and the effect of compatibilizer on tensile properties, thermal properties, swelling resistance, and morphological properties were investigated. Blends were prepared by using a laboratory scale of internal mixer at 120°C with 50 rpm of rotor speed. Tensile properties, thermal properties, thermo-oxidative aging resistance, and oil swell resistance were determined according to related ASTM standards. The compatibility of EVA/SMR L blends with 5 wt.% of compatibilizer addition or without compatibilizing agent was compared. The EVA/SMR L blend with compatibilizer shows substantially improvement in tensile properties compared to the EVA/SMR L blend without compatibilizer. Compatibilization had reduced interfacial tension and domain size of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA)/natural rubber (SMR L) blends.     

PVC/EVA共混物的研究

本文研究了混炼温度和时间对PVC/EVA共混物抗冲性能的影响,发现加入聚乙烯,共混体系的抗冲击强度能进一步提高.用TEM观察了PVC/EVA的形态结构,采用Brabender塑化仪和毛细管流变仪研究了共混物的塑化和熔体流变行为.通过计算机对实验结果进行二元线性回归,建立了共混物的熔体粘度与剪切应力和温度相关联的数学模型.     

Physical properties of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA)/natural rubber (NR) blend based foam

In this study an attempt was made to improve the rebound resilience and to decrease the density of ethylene‐vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) foam. For this purpose, EVA was blended with natural rubber (NR), and EVA/NR blends were foamed at 155°C, 160°C, and 165°C. To investigate the correlation between crosslinking behavior and physical properties of foams, crosslinking behavior of EVA/NR blends was monitored. The physical properties of the foams were then measured as a function of foaming temperatures and blend compositions: 165°C was found to be the optimal temperature for a crosslinking of EVA/NR foam. As a result, the density of EVA/NR blend foamed at 165°C was found to be the lowest. EVA/NR (90/10) blend, foamed at 165°C, showed lower density, better rebound resilience, and greater tear strength than EVA foam. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 94: 2212–2216, 2004     

Intermolecular interactions in polystyrene inomers/poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) blends

Summary Specific interactions in blends of salts of sulfonated polystyrene and poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) (EVA) were studied as a function of the blend composition, metal cation (H⁺, Na⁺, Zn²⁺) and sulfonate content. Intermolecular association between zinc sulfonate polystyrene (ZnSPS) and EVA in solution was evidenced by increase in the reduced viscosity of the blend relative to that of the pure EVA. Interactions in the solid state were observed in terms of a shift to lower frequencies in the in-plane stretching vibration of benzenesulfonate. Analysis by infrared spectroscopy indicated that the EVA solvated the Zn²⁺ decreasing the ionic associations in the blends. This effect increases when the ion content of ZnSPS increases and led to improvement in the dispersion of the polymeric phases as compared with that in the sodium sulfonate-PS/EVA, sulfonic acid-PS/EVA and PS/EVA blends.