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在现有的各种高级过程优化控制方案中,以多变量的非线性优化控制效果为最佳。APC过程优化控制系统在青海盐湖海纳化工有限公司烧成系统中的应用实践证明:该系统能稳定整个烧成系统的操作,特别是降低分解炉温度、窑头负压以及篦冷机篦下压力的波动,提高设备运转率;在CO许可范围内,减少C_1筒出口氧含量,减少用风,降低单位熟料燃煤的消耗和电耗,提高烧成系统产能;稳定煅烧温度,降低熟料fCaO的波动,减少过烧和欠烧现象,提高产品合格率;实现标准化操作,降低操作人员的劳动强度,还可减少操作人员,提高劳动生产率。 相似文献
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水泥熟料煅烧过程会产生大量氮氧化物,控制水泥生产氮氧化物的排放主要从三个方面采取措施:一是在烧成过程中减少氮氧化物的产生,二是在烧成过程中还原一部分,三是在烧成后的废气中还原大部分。优化操作稳定工况、降低烧成温度、低NOx燃烧等八项降低氮氧化物的措施效果各异,投资和运行成本也有很大的差别。最值得关注的是袋除尘器携同脱硝技术和氧化+半干法氨吸收措施。 相似文献
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研究了煅烧铝矾土制备活性氧化铝掺合料的过程。结合产物种类、结晶状态和比表面积,研究煅烧温度和煅烧时间对氧化铝活性的影响。采用XRD检测煅烧后铝矾土产物的种类及结晶状态,用激光粒度仪对产品进行比表面积的测定,并通过快速砂浆棒法检测煅烧所得活性掺合料对碱骨料膨胀反应的抑制效果。结果表明,获得活性氧化铝掺合料的最佳煅烧温度和煅烧时间分别为500 ℃和1.0 h,在此条件下制备的活性氧化铝掺合料对碱骨料膨胀反应的抑制效果较好,掺加质量分数为30%的活性氧化铝掺合料能使砂浆棒养护14 d的膨胀率从0.32%降至0.087%,其膨胀率低于0.1%,已经被控制在安全范围内。 相似文献
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为解决精馏塔生产过程中各种影响因素波动造成的灵敏板最优温度变化,利用中控技术APCSuite软件设计了基于大数据和专家控制的温度自动寻优与产品质量约束功能块,对精馏塔生产过程进行自优化控制。在保证产品质量合格的前提下,减少产品质量过剩的现象,实现增产、降耗的目的。同时,通过模型预测和PID控制对精馏塔温度、液位、压力等关键工艺指标进行稳定控制。该方法在某企业生产装置中应用后,关键工艺指标标准偏差较未实施之前降低67.37%以上;人工操作次数由原450次/5天,到正常时不需人工操作;提高灵敏板温度3.72℃;蒸汽单耗降幅为3.78%,产品收率增幅为0.49%。 相似文献
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《涂料工业》1979,(5)
我厂钛白煅烧采用φ1200×20000转窑,窑头温度测量,过去采用滑环式,由于接触不良,温度显示波动大,难以准确掌握煅烧温度,致使燃料调节不当,造成物料烧结或脱硫不净。沸腾干燥床是用人工根据温度变化来调节钛白浆液进料量的,由于进料不均匀,床体温度忽高忽低,操作极不平稳,不仅耗油量大,而且产量也低。为此我厂于1975年首先在沸腾干燥床上采用单参数仪表温度自动控制,至今已使用四年之久,效果一直很好。在此基础上,又于今年三月初,在转窑窑头部分采用了这种自控装置。运行三个多月,仪表各部元件运转正常,温度调节灵敏,一般可在2~3℃之间。这不仅保证了窑头温度的稳定,提高了煅烧半成品的质量,而且节省了燃料。现将这种单参数仪表温度自动控制装置及其使用效果介绍如下。 相似文献
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崔庆安 《化工自动化及仪表》2005,32(6):20-23
应用粗糙集(RS)理论对焦炉直行温度的控制规则进行了提取。首先收集人工成功控制直行温度的原始样本,添加可控与不可控参数,得到初始决策表;指出模糊控制方法因输入参数过少,从而会导致不确定性决策;然后利用RS理论对初始决策表进行约简,发现了关键影响因素及潜在规律,最终得到两组仅含有三个参数,简洁、一致、完备的控制规则,并经实际运行检验了规则的适用性。 相似文献
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简要介绍以低热值煤气为燃料,煅烧冶金石灰的双膛石灰竖窑其工作原理、技术装备,分析了投产过程中遇到的问题并进行了改进。通过对投产后的指标分析,该生产线达到了设计要求,也超出了预期效果。 相似文献
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分析了醚化反应釜的温度控制现状以及醚化釜装置整体自动化水平较低的原因。以山东HD公司的纤维素醚项目为背景,以人工操作经验数据为依据,对醚化反应釜温度控制方案进行了优化,提高了醚化釜装置的自动化水平,更好地满足了控制要求。 相似文献
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An adaptive state feedback predictive control (SFPC) scheme and an expert control scheme are presented and applied to the temperature control of a 1200 kt·a^-1 delayed coking furnace, which is the key equipment for the delayed coking process. Adaptive SFPC is used to improve the performance of temperature control in normal operation. A simplified nonlinear model on the basis of first principles of the furnace is developed to obtain a state space model by linearization. Taking advantage of the nonlinear model, an online model adapting method is presented to accommodate the dynamic change of process characteristics because of tube coking and load changes. To compensate the large inverse response of outlet temperature resulting from the sudden increase of injected steam of a particular velocity to tubes, a monitoring method and an expert control scheme based on heat balance calculation are proposed. Industrial implementation shows the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed control strategy. 相似文献
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分数阶模型参考自适应控制在重碱煅烧中的应用 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
将分数阶模型参考自适应控制应用于重碱蒸汽煅烧炉的温度控制中,并且用M atlab/S imu link进行仿真研究。结果表明,应用分数阶模型参考自适应控制算法在被控对象发生变化而控制参数不变时,仍然可以取得良好的控制效果。这为分数阶模型参考自适应控制在工业领域中的应用提供了依据。 相似文献
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In this paper, we pose and solve an adaptive extremum control problem to optimize the productivity of a van de Vusse reaction taking place in a tubular reactor governed by a set of nonlinear hyperbolic partial differential equations. Estimation and control algorithms that take into account control input constraints are developed by using a Lyapunov-based procedure, ensuring stability and convergence under a persistency of excitation condition. Here, we assume that the temperature information along the reactor is the only available on-line measurement to estimate the unmeasured objective function at the reactor exit. Numerical application of the proposed method shows that the resulting feedback algorithm steers the system to its optimum using a non-distributed jacket temperature actuation. The time evolution of the cost function is compared with an idealized distributed version of the algorithm presented previously. 相似文献
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The principal objective of the experimental work reported in this paper was to employ automatic feedback control to stabilize those steady states in a nonadiabatic CSTR which were naturally unstable (that is, unstable in open-loop operation). The exothermic liquid-phase reaction between sodium thiosulfate and hydrogen peroxide in aqueous solution was used in all experiments, and the unstable states of interest were the so-called intermediate states (saddle points in the phase plane). Described here are experimental results which show successful stabilization of the unstable states. The reactor temperature and the coolant flow rates were the controlled and manipulated variables respectively. The controller used was of the conventional proportional—integral type. This paper also contains a discussion of the theoretical behavior of the controlled system as well as comparisons of the predictions of a mathematical model with experimental results.The experimental attainment of smooth stabilized reactor operation at the intermediate states was found to be relatively easy, although some care in the planning of start-up procedures was demanded in certain cases. Further, the agreement between theoretical and experimental behavior was generally good. Apparently this is the first published report of an experimental investigation into controlled operation at the unstable intermediate states of an exothermic system. Theoretical studies of the problem were first reported in the 1950's. 相似文献